Manipulating The Morphologies Of Polyvinyl Alcohol Block Copolymer Surfactants

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Manipulating the Morphologies of Poly(vinyl Alcohol) Block Copolymer Surfactants

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (922 download)

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Download or read book Manipulating the Morphologies of Poly(vinyl Alcohol) Block Copolymer Surfactants written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amphiphilic block copolymers (ABCs) are macromolecules containing well-defined hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments that self-assemble into nanoscale aggregates such as spherical and cylindrical micelles and vesicles, when dispersed in block-selective solvents. ABCs possess a miniscule critical micelle concentration, which results in kinetically trapped and persistent assemblies in solution with slow chain exchange between aggregates. This makes them useful as rheological modifiers for personal care products, enhanced oil recovery, and drug delivery formulations. Their utility in many of these applications is crucially dependent on the ability to control the micellar morphologies that they adopt in selective solvents. Triggering ABC micellar morphological transformations, i.e. from spherical to cylindrical micelles, is important for generating "on-demand" stimuli-responsive morphologies that control the aggregate morphology and the bulk solution properties in any given application. In this thesis, we develop the straightforward synthesis of biodegradable and biocompatible ABCs comprised of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), with narrow molecular distributions and variable yet well-defined compositions. These block copolymer amphiphiles readily form spherical micelles in aqueous dispersions. We demonstrate that the addition of a water-soluble poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) homopolymer to these dispersions results in a rapid transformation of these spherical micelles into cylindrical micelles. Dilution of these cylindrical micelles with water induces their reversion to spherical micelles. Our results indicate that the reversible morphology change depends sensitively on the PEO homopolymer concentration and molecular weight, as well as the length of the PVA corona block of the micelles. Through a series of quantitative 1H NMR studies, we found that the preferential partitioning of PEO homopolymer into the PVAc micellar core drives this morphological transformation. We also investigated the aqueous micellar self-assembly of non-covalent amphiphilic block copolymers (NC-ABCs) derived from complexation of an anionic gemini dicarboxylate surfactant (Na-96) to poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethyltrimethylammonium chloride) (mPEO-b-qPDMAEMAxCl) (x = 48 or 110) at charge stoichiometries of [qDMAEMA+]:[COO-] = 1:1 and 1:0.5. Our results demonstrate that these polymer/surfactant complexes adopt rod-like conformations, the liquid crystallinity of which drives the formation of facetted vesicles and hollow tubular micelles.

Aqueous Mixtures of Block Copolymer Surfactants

Author : Sumeet Jain
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 714 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Aqueous Mixtures of Block Copolymer Surfactants by : Sumeet Jain

Download or read book Aqueous Mixtures of Block Copolymer Surfactants written by Sumeet Jain and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences

Author : Wade H. Shafer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461305993
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)

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Book Synopsis Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences by : Wade H. Shafer

Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1 957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all con cerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an interna tional publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Cor poration of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 32 (thesis year 1987) a total of 12,483 theses titles from 22 Canadian and 176 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 32 reports theses submitted in 1987, on occasion, certain univer sities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.

Synthesis and Characterization of Low Molecular Mass Amphiphilic Block Copolymers and Potential Use in Surfactant Assisted Particle Micro-mixing

Download Synthesis and Characterization of Low Molecular Mass Amphiphilic Block Copolymers and Potential Use in Surfactant Assisted Particle Micro-mixing PDF Online Free

Author : Ekaterini Karakatsanis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (956 download)

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Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Low Molecular Mass Amphiphilic Block Copolymers and Potential Use in Surfactant Assisted Particle Micro-mixing by : Ekaterini Karakatsanis

Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Low Molecular Mass Amphiphilic Block Copolymers and Potential Use in Surfactant Assisted Particle Micro-mixing written by Ekaterini Karakatsanis and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In industry the effective mixing and de-agglomeration of two solid particles is vital in applications that require the intimate contact of homogeneously mixed reagents. One such application is in the preparation of pyrotechnic delay elements with reproducible burn speeds. The concept of surfactant assisted particle micro-mixing is proposed. This theory is based in the use of two amphiphilic polymeric surfactants to form two separate stable dispersions of the two solid particles to be mixed, but with the subsequent requirement that the dispersants are able to interact with each other. The formation of the individual dispersions allows for the deagglomeration of the particles and thus their preparation for homogeneous mixing, which is facilitated by the interacting surfactants. Low molecular mass block copolymers of styrene and acrylic acid and poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) (PEO-PPO) surfactants are the proposed dispersants which will allow for the surfactant interaction by means of hydrogen bonding between the poly(acrylic acid) block and the PEO. The poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) block copolymer will be synthesised via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerisation (ATRP) and subsequently used in the dispersion experiments. The synthesis of the polystyrene macroinitiators to initiate the block copolymerisation of the t-butyl acrylate was carried out satisfactorily, with good molecular masses and molecular mass distributions. In addition, lH-NMR analysis carried out on the polystyrene macroinitiators confirmed their synthesis. The use of the polystyrene macroinitiators was successful in synthesising poly(styrene-co-t-butyl acrylate) block copolymers with slightly higher polydispersities in comparison to the macroinitiatiators themselves, but acceptable. Hydrolysis of the poly(styrene-co-t-butyl acrylate) block copolymer to poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) was successful in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid as catalyst. Attempts to hydrolyse in basic conditions (NaOH) and alternatively in acidic conditions (HCI) were not successful. Use of the poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) amphiphilic block copolymer to emulsion polymerise styrene requires the ionised form of the polymer and was therefore not favourable to observe surfactant-surfactant hydrogen bonding. In addition, attempts to synthesise a wax emulsion stabilised by a PEO containing surfactant proved to be unsuccessful. Subsequently, the micro-mixing experiments were carried out by using a poly(acrylic acid) stabilised melamine dispersion and a commercially available PEO containing surfactant stabilised wax emulsion. The interaction between the melamine and the poly(acrylic acid) allows for the formation of a stable melamine dispersion at above 7% poly(acrylic acid) : melamine ratio (mass basis). Analysis by SEM shows that without the poly(acrylic acid) dispersant no wax particles are found to occur on the melamine particle surface. However, in an attempt to determine whether the amount of wax interaction increases with poly(acrylic acid) content, it was found that in the absence of poly(acrylic acid) dispersant, the most amount of wax precipitated out with the melamine. This is possibly attributable to the preferential occlusion of the wax particles between the melamine particles rather than surface attachment. Introduction of the poly(acrylic acid), however, shows via SEM analysis that the hydrogen bond interaction between the acrylic acid group and the ethylene oxide group does occur, since the attachment of the wax particles on the melamine particle surface is observed. Although results show that the surfactant-surfactant interaction allows for the micro mixing of particles, some refinement is required with respect to the systems that this phenomenon can be applied to. In addition, factors such as particle type, particle size and surfactant type will influence the micro-mixing interaction. It is therefore recommended that these factors be investigated in order to completely identify the micro-mixing phenomenon.

Maro Polymer Notes

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Download or read book Maro Polymer Notes written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Materials for Potential EMI Shielding Applications

Author : Kuruvilla Joseph
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128175915
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Materials for Potential EMI Shielding Applications by : Kuruvilla Joseph

Download or read book Materials for Potential EMI Shielding Applications written by Kuruvilla Joseph and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-01 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials for Potential EMI Shielding Applications: Processing, Properties and Current Trends extensively and comprehensively reviews materials for EMI shielding applications, ranging from the principles to possible applications and various types of shielding materials. The book provides a thorough introduction to electromagnetic interference, its effect on both the environment and other electronic items, various materials that are used for electromagnetic interference shielding applications, and its properties. It explains the mechanism behind EMI shielding, the methods by which EMI SE of a given material is estimated, and the different fabrication methods currently employed for fabricating EMI shielding materials. Final sections focus on the theoretical background of EMI shielding and shielding mechanisms. This theoretical background is extended to the physics of EMI shielding, wherein the physics behind mechanism of shielding is explained. - Focuses on the different types of available EMI shielding, their applications, processing, characterization, and the mechanism behind their shielding - Discusses how to incorporate EMI shielding with low cost, low density and high strength - Provides an understanding and clarifies both elementary and practical problems relating to EMI shielding materials

Functional Polymer Colloids & Microparticles

Author : Reza Arshady
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Functional Polymer Colloids & Microparticles by : Reza Arshady

Download or read book Functional Polymer Colloids & Microparticles written by Reza Arshady and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Polymer Science Dictionary

Author : M. Alger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780412608704
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Polymer Science Dictionary by : M. Alger

Download or read book Polymer Science Dictionary written by M. Alger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-12-31 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 10,000 entries with expanded encyclopaedic-style definitions make this major reference work invaluable to practitioners, researchers and students working in the area of polymer science and technology. This new edition now includes liquid crystal polymers, new characterisation methods and polymers with special electrical properties

Advanced Ceramics

Author : Shadia Jamil Ikhmayies
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303143918X
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Ceramics by : Shadia Jamil Ikhmayies

Download or read book Advanced Ceramics written by Shadia Jamil Ikhmayies and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the fundamentals of advanced ceramics, their stages of development, types and classifications, advanced processing techniques, properties, sintering, and new forms of applications. It highlights specific examples such as alumina, zirconia, Mg-Al-spinels, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, ceramic composites, and thin films with their specific applications. The book reviews progress in perovskite ceramics, in which the synthesis, processing, characterization, and advanced applications of perovskite ceramics are all thoroughly discussed. In addition, developments of perovskite solar cells, the main factors affecting their stability, current problems, development prospects in the research, and application of perovskite solar cells are all highlighted. This book also includes a review of a particular class of rare-earth-based mixed-metal oxides, namely Ln2B2O7 nanostructures (B = Zr, Sn, and Ce), where advantages and disadvantages of each production technique are addressed along with the properties of as-produced nanostructures. The solar photocatalytic uses of Ln2B2O7 nanostructures such as photodegradation of contaminants are also discussed. Yttria-based transparent ceramics for photonic applications are reviewed, along with a discussion of powder synthesis, green body preparation, sintering, and optical properties. In addition, the fundamentals of electrophoretic deposition of hydroxyapatite incorporated composite coatings on metallic substrates are presented and discussed. The different types of ceramics-based self-healing coatings and their fabrication processes have also been reported and discussed in this book. These include titania, zirconia, titanium-alumina, and zirconia-alumina incorporated with Benzotriazole (BTA) as an inhibitor. Advanced ceramic materials that have been used for the purpose of wastewater treatment including ceramic sorbents, resins, aerosols, and ceramic membranes that have been widely used for wastewater treatment purposes are also discussed in depth. Moreover, the book presents the preparation of geopolymers by microwave treatments and explains how their properties can be tuned using microwaves. Furthermore, the future and perspective of these advanced ceramic materials and their modifications to ensure better efficacy toward environmental remediation purposes are highlighted in this book.

Polymer Colloids

Author : Rodney Priestley
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1788014170
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Polymer Colloids by : Rodney Priestley

Download or read book Polymer Colloids written by Rodney Priestley and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-12-02 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Academic and industrial research around polymer-based colloids is huge, driven both by the development of mature technologies, e.g. latexes for coatings, as well as the advancement of new materials and applications, such as building blocks for 2D/3D structures and medicine. Edited by two world-renowned leaders in polymer science and engineering, this is a fundamental text for the field. Based on a specialised course by the editors, this book provides the reader with an invaluable single source of reference. The first section describes formation, explaining basic properties of emulsions and dispersion polymerization, microfluidic approaches to produce polymer-based colloids and formation via directed self-assembly. The next section details characterisation methodologies from microscopy and small angle scattering, to surface science and simulations. The final chapters close with applications, including Pickering emulsions and molecular engineering for materials development. A comprehensive guide to polymer colloids, with contributions by leaders in their respective areas, this book is a must-have for researchers and practitioners working across polymers, soft matter and chemical and molecular engineering.

Cumulated Index Medicus

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1216 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 1216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Polymeric Surfactants

Author : Tharwat F. Tadros
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110487527
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Polymeric Surfactants by : Tharwat F. Tadros

Download or read book Polymeric Surfactants written by Tharwat F. Tadros and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymeric Surfactants covers the structure and stability origins of these highly useful surfactants. Adsorption and solution properties in emulsions are discussed based on their underlying thermodynamics and kinetics. Research scientists and Ph.D. students investigating chemistry, chemical engineering and colloidal science will benefit from this text on polymeric surfactants and their value in preparation and stabilization of disperse systems.

Dissertation Abstracts International

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 816 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Adsorbents for Water Purification

Author : Suprakas Sinha Ray
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128219602
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Adsorbents for Water Purification by : Suprakas Sinha Ray

Download or read book Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Adsorbents for Water Purification written by Suprakas Sinha Ray and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-06-27 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The deterioration of water quality and unavailability of drinkable water are pressing challenges worldwide. The removal of toxic organic and inorganic pollutants from water is vital for a clean environment, as a response to water scarcity. Adsorption-based water technologies are among the most widely used because of their high efficiency and low cost, without relying on a complex infrastructure. In recent years, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), such as graphene and derivatives, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, nanoporous carbon, fullerenes, graphitic carbon nitride, and nanodiamonds have been extensively exploited as adsorbents due to their extraordinary surface properties, ease of modification, large surface area, controlled structural varieties, high chemical stability, porosity, low density, ease of regeneration, and reusability. This book provides a thorough overview of the state of the art in carbon nanomaterials as they are used for adsorption applications in water purifications, as well as addressing their toxicological challenges. This volume primarily explores the fundamentals of adsorption, its mechanical aspects, synthesis and properties of CNMs, and adsorption performances of CNMs and their nanocomposites with organic and inorganic materials. Structural engineering and activation processes produce materials with enhanced adsorptive properties and separation efficiencies. Furthermore, the formation of CNMs with 2D and 3D macro-and microstructures and high porosities is a potential approach to improve adsorption performances and extend CNM use at the industrial level. The book also addresses important issues regarding these adsorbents that potentially affect future research and industrial applications of carbon-based nanoadsorbents in water security. - Presents advances in multifunctional 3D superstructures of carbon nanomaterials and their composites for adsorption applications - Outlines the fundamentals on synthesis and characterization techniques of carbon-based nanostructures and their composites - Assesses the major toxicological challenges in using nanostructured materials as adsorbents for water purification

Vinyl Acetate Emulsion Polymerization and Copolymerization with Acrylic Monomers

Author : Yildirim H. Erbil
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 142003880X
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Vinyl Acetate Emulsion Polymerization and Copolymerization with Acrylic Monomers by : Yildirim H. Erbil

Download or read book Vinyl Acetate Emulsion Polymerization and Copolymerization with Acrylic Monomers written by Yildirim H. Erbil and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-03-22 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The versatility of the emulsion copolymerization reaction and the ability to control the properties of the final latices have led to rapid expansion both in the quantity of polyvinylacetate and vinyl acetate-acrylic copolymer latices and in their applications. Vinyl Acetate Emulsion Polymerization and Copolymerization with Acrylic Monomers provides

Deep Eutectic Solvents

Author : Diego J. Ramón
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527345183
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Deep Eutectic Solvents by : Diego J. Ramón

Download or read book Deep Eutectic Solvents written by Diego J. Ramón and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-13 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A useful guide to the fundamentals and applications of deep eutectic solvents Deep Eutectic Solvents contains a comprehensive review of the use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as an environmentally benign alternative reaction media for chemical transformations and processes. The contributors cover a range of topics including synthesis, structure, properties, toxicity and biodegradability of DESs. The book also explores myriad applications in various disciplines, such as organic synthesis and (bio)catalysis, electrochemistry, extraction, analytical chemistry, polymerizations, (nano)materials preparation, biomass processing, and gas adsorption. The book is aimed at organic chemists, catalytic chemists, pharmaceutical chemists, biochemists, electrochemists, and others involved in the design of eco-friendly reactions and processes. This important book: -Explores the promise of DESs as an environmentally benign alternative to hazardous organic solvents -Covers the synthesis, structure, properties (incl. toxicity) as well as a wide range of applications -Offers a springboard for stimulating critical discussion and encouraging further advances in the field Deep Eutectic Solvents is an interdisciplinary resource for researchers in academia and industry interested in the many uses of DESs as an environmentally benign alternative reaction media.

Green Electrospinning

Author : Nesrin Horzum
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110588633
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Green Electrospinning by : Nesrin Horzum

Download or read book Green Electrospinning written by Nesrin Horzum and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-07-22 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last two decades have seen electrospinning of nanofibers performed mainly from solutions of toxic organic solvents. The increase in demand for scaling up electrospinning in recent years therefore requires an environmentally friendly process free of organic solvents. This book addresses techniques for clean and safe electrospinning in the fabrication of green nanofibers and their potential applications.