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Mandatory Seat Belt Use Law
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Book Synopsis The Constitutionality of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws by : Mark L. Booz
Download or read book The Constitutionality of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws written by Mark L. Booz and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low seat belt usage rates have persisted for years despite efforts to educate people about belts' benefits. There is ample documentation of the contribution of seat belts to saving lives and reducing injury. The emotional and pecuniary toll of the failure to use belts is enormous, yet of little effect in modifying people's behavior. Involuntary measures seem to be the only effective solution to the problem of misperceptions about belts' effectiveness and ingrained attitudes which resist education. Compulsory belt use laws have been successful in other countries, and since 1984 have been considered by the Department of Transportation to be a viable alternative to passive restraints. The possibility of the widespread adoption of mandatory belt use laws has again raised questions about the legitimacy of such self-protective legislation. A similar debate spawned many court cases 15-20 years ago when mandatory motorcycle helmet use laws were passed. Many of the arguments made then are relevant to the seat belt issue. The basic question remains: Are the devices effective enough and is the public interest in protecting the individual strong enough to warrant the intrusion on privacy? The answer must consider that driving takes place in a public arena. Further, studies indicate a substantial correlation between seat belt use and the protection of life and health. A case can be made for many third party effects and social costs of accidents, so this matter involves more than a mere question of the individual right of privacy. Given the traditional deference of the courts to state legislatures in the area of highway safety regulation, mandatory seat belt use laws may well pass constitutional challenges. Various legal theories support this conclusion. The right to travel is subject to reasonable regulation. A law applicable to all automobiles can hardly be described as discriminatory, thus dismissing equal protection objections. As long as there is no substantial interference with interstate travel and there are tangible "local" benefits, the flow of commerce is not impermissibly restricted. The volume of statistics supporting belts' efficacy constitute a reasonable means of serving a legitimate state interest in public health and welfare. They may well pass a more rigorous standard, and amount to a real and substantial relation between the law and its objective. The due process challenge thus being satisfied, the remaining question becomes one of a policy choice for the legislature about the desirability of this means over other alternatives.
Book Synopsis Task Force Report on Mandatory Safety Belt Usage Laws by : C. Livingston
Download or read book Task Force Report on Mandatory Safety Belt Usage Laws written by C. Livingston and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seat Belts and the Law: Mandatory Use Laws and the Legal Consequences of Non-use. Volume I. Final Report by : B. F. Bohan
Download or read book Seat Belts and the Law: Mandatory Use Laws and the Legal Consequences of Non-use. Volume I. Final Report written by B. F. Bohan and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Standard Enforcement Saves Lives by :
Download or read book Standard Enforcement Saves Lives written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Struggle for Auto Safety by : Jerry L. Mashaw
Download or read book The Struggle for Auto Safety written by Jerry L. Mashaw and published by . This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining superb investigative reporting with incisive analysis, Jerry Mashaw and David Harfst provide a compelling account of the attempt to regulate auto safety in America. Their penetrating look inside the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) spans two decades and reveals the complexities of regulating risk in a free society. Hoping to stem the tide of rising automobile deaths and injuries, Congress passed the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act in 1966. From that point on, automakers would build cars under the watchful eyes of the federal regulators at NHTSA. Curiously, however, the agency abandoned its safety mission of setting, monitoring, and enforcing performance standards in favor of the largely symbolic act of recalling defective autos. Mashaw and Harfst argue that the regulatory shift from rules to recalls was neither a response to a new vision of the public interest nor a result of pressure by the auto industry or other interest groups. Instead, the culprit was the legal environment surrounding NHTSA and other regulatory agencies such as the EPA, OSHA, and the Consumer Product Safety Commission. The authors show how NHTSA's decisions as well as its organization, processes, and personnel were reoriented in order to comply with the demands of a legal culture that proved surprisingly resistant to regulatory pressures. This broad-gauged view of NHTSA has much to say about political idealism and personal ambition, scientific commitment and professional competition, long-range vision and political opportunism. A fascinating illustration of America's ambivalence over whether government is a source of--or solution to--social ills, The Struggle for Auto Safety offers important lessons about the design and management of effective health and safety regulatory agencies today.
Book Synopsis Mandatory Safety Belt Use Law for Wisconsin by : Robert D. St. Clair
Download or read book Mandatory Safety Belt Use Law for Wisconsin written by Robert D. St. Clair and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mandatory Seat Belt Use Laws by : Joseph Grey
Download or read book Mandatory Seat Belt Use Laws written by Joseph Grey and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purposes of this study were to review mandatory seat belt use laws as they have been used around the world, to forecast the impact of such a law in Virginia, and, if appropriate, to propose a mandatory seat belt law for inclusion in the Code of Virginia. This report consists of a review of the literature on mandatory seat belt laws, an analysis of automobile crash data for Virginia for the years 1978 through 1983, and a study of available statistics on current restraint use in the Commonwealth. The results indicate that a mandatory seat belt law would save hundreds of lives and cause great reductions in injuries from automobile accidents. The relatively low administrative costs associated with this law would be vastly outweighed by savings directly attributable to seat belt use. Consequently this report proposes that an act mandating restraint use be passed in Virginia.
Download or read book Buckling Up written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2003 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing seat belt use is one of the most effective and least costly ways of reducing the lives lost and injuries incurred on the nation's highways each year, yet about one in four drivers and front-seat passengers continues to ride unbuckled. The Transportation Research Board, in response to a congressional request for a study to examine the potential of in-vehicle technologies to increase belt use, formed a panel of 12 experts having expertise in the areas of automotive engineering, design, and regulation; traffic safety and injury prevention; human factors; survey research methods; economics; and technology education and consumer interest. This panel, named the Committee for the Safety Belt Technology Study, examined the potential benefits of technologies designed to increase belt use, determined how drivers view the acceptability of the technologies, and considered whether legislative or regulatory actions are necessary to enable their installation on passenger vehicles. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the study sponsor, funded and conducted interviews and focus groups of samples of different belt user groups to learn more about the potential effectiveness and acceptability of technologies ranging from seat belt reminder systems to more aggressive interlock systems, and provided the information collected to the study committee. The committee also supplemented its expertise by holding its second meeting in Dearborn, Michigan, where it met in proprietary sessions with several of the major automobile manufacturers, a key supplier, and a small business inventor of a shifter interlock system to learn of planned new seat belt use technologies as well as about company data concerning their effectiveness and acceptability. The committee's findings and recommendations are presented in this five-chapter report.
Download or read book Auto & Traffic Safety written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mandatory Seat Belt Use Law by : James J. Fazzalaro
Download or read book Mandatory Seat Belt Use Law written by James J. Fazzalaro and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses whether someone in Connecticut can be stopped and ticketed by a police officer just for not wearing a seatbelt or if he has to have been stopped for some other type of offense first.
Book Synopsis Motor Vehicle Safety by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Motor Vehicle Safety written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mandatory Safety Belt Use Legislation by : Jessica A. Ginsburg
Download or read book Mandatory Safety Belt Use Legislation written by Jessica A. Ginsburg and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses the current environment which would influence the consideration of a mandatory safety belt use law in Virginia. First, the regulatory context fostered by the U.S. Department of Transportation's issuance of federal motor vehicle safety standard 208 is examined. This rule requires that automobile manufacturers install passive restraints such as airbags or automatic seat belts in all cars by 1989 unless states covering two-thirds of the nation's population enact mandatory safety belt use laws. Next is a discussion of the provisions of the mandatory use laws in effect in 16 states, along with data from New York and New Jersey, the first two states to enact such legislation. In New York State, safety belt usage increased from around 20% to nearly 78% following the effective date of the law. While the use of belts subsequently declined, it remained two or three times higher than before the law. A significant decline in highway fatalities was also noted following passage of the mandatory use law. Finally, data on safety belt usage and traffic deaths in Virginia are examined. According to statistics from the Fatal Accident Reporting System, of the 2,154 people killed in highway accidents in Virginia between 1982 and 1984, 2,076 (96%) were not wearing safety belts. Belt wearers, who constitute as much as 20% of the motorists, accounted for only 4% of the traffic deaths. A similar relationship is evident in the data for each of the Department of Motor Vehicle districts in the state.
Book Synopsis Effectiveness of Safety Belt Usage Laws by : Franklin G. Fisher
Download or read book Effectiveness of Safety Belt Usage Laws written by Franklin G. Fisher and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Constitutionality of Mandatory Seat Belt Use Legislation by : W. Allen Ames
Download or read book The Constitutionality of Mandatory Seat Belt Use Legislation written by W. Allen Ames and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A number of trends indicate that mandatory seat belt use legislation is to be expected within the near future. The constitutionality of such self-protective legislation has been the subject of recent speculation. Constitutional challenges may be expected to come in the areas of due process, equal protection, and right to privacy. Recent decisions dealing with motorcycle helmet legislation form a basis for discussion of the constitutional issues involved. These decisions illustrate principles upon which the courts could sustain mandatory seat belt use legislation as constitutionally valid.
Book Synopsis Effects of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws on Traffic Fatalities in the First Eight States Exacting Seat Belt Laws by :
Download or read book Effects of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws on Traffic Fatalities in the First Eight States Exacting Seat Belt Laws written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effectiveness of Safety Belt Usage Laws. Final Report by : Franklin G. Fisher
Download or read book Effectiveness of Safety Belt Usage Laws. Final Report written by Franklin G. Fisher and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Mandatory Seat Belt Law for Georgia? by : Jerome S. Legge
Download or read book A Mandatory Seat Belt Law for Georgia? written by Jerome S. Legge and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
