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Low Angle Radar Land Clutter
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Book Synopsis Low-angle Radar Land Clutter by : J. Barrie Billingsley
Download or read book Low-angle Radar Land Clutter written by J. Barrie Billingsley and published by IET. This book was released on 2002 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this unique book, Billingsley solves the problem of radar land clutter by showing the reader how to design and predict the performance of radars that operate in situations where echoes from the earth's surface interfere with radar target echoes.
Book Synopsis Low-angle X-band Radar Ground Clutter Spatial Amplitude Statistics by : J. Barrie Billingsley
Download or read book Low-angle X-band Radar Ground Clutter Spatial Amplitude Statistics written by J. Barrie Billingsley and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spectral Characteristics of Low-angle Radar Ground Clutter by :
Download or read book Spectral Characteristics of Low-angle Radar Ground Clutter written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The performance of ground-based radars is affected by the spectral characteristics of ground clutter. Most signal processing algorithms designed to enhance detection performance are Doppler-frequency-sensitive, such as the moving target indicator filter, Doppler processor and coherent clutter map. This report gives the results of a comprehensive spectral analysis of low-angle ground clutter, using the MIT Lincoln Laboratory Phase I data and the DREO S-band clutter data. The report presents the spectral analysis of ground clutter for different bands of radar frequency; describes the data used in the spectral analysis, including both the conventional Fourier analysis and a super-resolution spectral analysis technique; gives a brief background on the maximum entropy spectral estimate; and describes the particular procedure designed to bring out the spectral characteristics of ground clutter from short time series.
Book Synopsis Temporal Statistics of Low-Angle Ground Clutter by : H. C. Chan
Download or read book Temporal Statistics of Low-Angle Ground Clutter written by H. C. Chan and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detailed knowledge of the temporal statistics of ground clutter is essential to determine the detection threshold settings so as to maximize the probability of target detection while maintaining an acceptable probability of false alarm. The performance of existing false alarm control schemes is often limited due to a lack of detailed knowledge of the ground clutter temporal statistics. In this study we analyze experimental data to characterize the temporal statistics of low-angle ground clutter in terms of the clutter's linear amplitude distribution. Effects of radar frequency, polarization, waveform resolution, land covers and wind speed on the statistics are examined. Results show that the Ricean distribution and its limiting case, the Rayleigh distribution, are appropriate models for ground clutter in steady-state wind conditions. This implies that the diffuse clutter components, which give rise to the random properties of ground clutter may be modeled as a complex Gaussian process. We found, however, that at any given time there is a fraction of the resolution cells with clutter data having nonstationary temporal statistics not well modelled by the Ricean or Rayleigh distribution. The frequency of occurrence of nonstationary clutter statistics depends on radar frequency, land cover and wind speed. Forested land cover represents the worst case scenario. Application of the results of this study to determine optimal detection threshold settings is discussed. Radar clutter; Phased array radar; S band; Canada. (edc).
Book Synopsis Analyses of Millimeter Wave Radar Low-Angle Ground-Clutter Measurements for European-Like and Desert Environments by : Ronald Wellman
Download or read book Analyses of Millimeter Wave Radar Low-Angle Ground-Clutter Measurements for European-Like and Desert Environments written by Ronald Wellman and published by . This book was released on 1996-07-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes millimeter wave ground based radar cross section measurements taken to support the SWOE JT&E program over two years. RCS measurements were made on selected ground clutter patches for one month and over another 43-day period at Camp Grayling, MI; and for 47 days at Yuma Proving Ground, AZ. Instruments collected data on meteorological conditions, solar flux, and soil moisture content. A wide range of atmospheric conditions was observed in Grayling over the measurement periods. The conditions in Yuma over the measurement period were relatively stable. In this report, we describe the variations in the ground based measured RCS of different clutter types over time and space for environmental conditions encountered during the three field tests. We have developed and will present an empirical model to describe these variations for the Yuma and Grayling II environments.
Book Synopsis Multifrequency Measurements of Radar Ground Clutter at 42 Sites. Volume 2. Appendices A Through D. by :
Download or read book Multifrequency Measurements of Radar Ground Clutter at 42 Sites. Volume 2. Appendices A Through D. written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report determines how ground clutter strength varies with RF frequency from VHF to X-Band in ground sited radar. This determination is accomplished by providing extensive empirical results from multifrequency clutter measurements conducted at 42 different sites widely dispersed over the North American continent. These results indicate that the frequency dependence of ground clutter strength depends upon terrain type and can vary, for example, from a strongly decreasing function of frequence in forest to a strongly increasing function of frequency in farmland. Five major terrain categories are defined that encompass this dependence, namely, urban, mountain, forest, farmland and desert. Within each terrain category results are also shown to be dependent upon the relief or roughness of the terrain and upon the depression angle at which the terrain is illuminated. The depression angle dependence is important even for the very low angles and small variations in angle that occur in ground-sited radar. This report presents specific clutter strength results at each of five frequencies (VHF, UHF, L-, S- and X-band) from each of 42 sites at which measurements were conducted. The report then combines results from similar sites to obtain the general dependence of clutter strength versus frequency for each terrain category.
Book Synopsis Multifrequency Measurements of Radar Ground Clutter at 42 Sites. Volume 3: Appendix E. by :
Download or read book Multifrequency Measurements of Radar Ground Clutter at 42 Sites. Volume 3: Appendix E. written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report determines how ground clutter strength varies with RF frequency from VHF to X-band in ground-sited radar. This determination is accomplished by providing extensive empirical results from multifrequency clutter measurements conducted at 42 different sites widely dispersed over the North American continent. These results indicate that the frequency dependence of ground clutter strength depends upon terrain type and can vary, for example, from a strongly decreasing function of frequency in forest to a strongly increasing function of frequency in farmland. Five major terrain categories are defined that encompass this dependence, namely, urban, mountains, forest, farmland, and desert. Within each terrain category, results are also shown to be dependent upon the relief or roughness of the terrain and upon the depression angle at which the terrain is illuminated. The depression angle dependence is important, even for the very low angles (typically within a degree of grazing incidence) and small (typically fractional) variations in angle that occur in ground-sited radar. This report presents specific clutter strength results at each of five frequencies (VHF, UHF, L-, S-, and X-band) from each of the 42 sites at which measurements were conducted. The report then combines results from similar sites to obtain the general dependence of clutter strength versus frequency for each terrain category. Clutter strengths are described in terms of moments (including the mean) and percentile levels (including the median) in measured clutter amplitude distributions resulting from cell-by-cell spatial variation over a selected large kilometer-sized macroregion of terrain at each site called the repeat sector.
Book Synopsis Die Politische Dokumentation in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland by : Walter Krumholz
Download or read book Die Politische Dokumentation in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland written by Walter Krumholz and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 1971 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Publisher :Elsevier ISBN 13 :0080950604 Total Pages :722 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (89 download)
Download or read book written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Multifrequency Measurements of Radar Ground Clutter at 42 Sites. Volume 1. Principal Results by :
Download or read book Multifrequency Measurements of Radar Ground Clutter at 42 Sites. Volume 1. Principal Results written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report determines how ground clutter strength varies with RF frequency from VHF to X-band in ground-sited radar. These results indicate that the frequency dependence of ground clutter strength depends upon terrain type and can vary, for example, from a strongly decreasing function of frequency in forest to a strongly increasing function of frequency in farmland. Five major terrain categories are defined that encompass this dependence, namely, urban, mountains, forest, farmland, and desert. Within each terrain category, results are also shown to be dependent upon relief or roughness of the terrain and upon the depression angle at which the terrain is illuminated. The depression angle dependence is important, even for the very low angles (typically within a degree of grazing incidence) and small (typical fractional) variations in angle that occur in ground-sited radar. This report presents specific clutter strength results at each of five frequencies (VHF, UHF, L-, S-, and X-band) from each of the 42 sites at which measurements were conducted. The report then combines results from similar sites to obtain the general dependence of clutter strength versus frequency for each terrain category. clutter strengths are described in terms of moments (including the mean) and percentile levels (including the median) in measured clutter amplitude distributions resulting from cell-by-cell spatial variation over a selected large kilometer-sized macroregion of terrain at each site called the repeat sector. Measurements over the repeat sector at each site were repeated a number of times to increase the reliability of the results.
Book Synopsis Models of Land Clutter Vs Grazing Angle, Spatial Distribution and Temporal Distribution by : Yunhan Dong
Download or read book Models of Land Clutter Vs Grazing Angle, Spatial Distribution and Temporal Distribution written by Yunhan Dong and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Basic Radar Analysis, Second Edition by : Mervin C. Budge
Download or read book Basic Radar Analysis, Second Edition written by Mervin C. Budge and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly-anticipated second edition of an Artech House classic covers several key radar analysis areas: the radar range equation, detection theory, ambiguity functions, waveforms, antennas, active arrays, receivers and signal processors, CFAR and chaff analysis. Readers will be able to predict the detection performance of a radar system using the radar range equation, its various parameters, matched filter theory, and Swerling target models. The performance of various signal processors, single pulse, pulsed Doppler, LFM, NLFM, and BPSK, are discussed, taking into account factors including MTI processing, integration gain, weighting loss and straddling loss. The details of radar analysis are covered from a mathematical perspective, with in-depth breakdowns of radar performance in the presence of clutter. Readers will be able to determine the nose temperature of a multi-channel receiver as it is used in active arrays. With the addition of three new chapters on moving target detectors, inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) and constant false alarm rate (CFAR) and new MATLAB codes, this expanded second edition will appeal to the novice as well as the experienced practitioner.
Book Synopsis Radar Ground Clutter Measurement and Models. Part 2. Spectral Characteristics and Temporal Statistics by : Hing C. Chan
Download or read book Radar Ground Clutter Measurement and Models. Part 2. Spectral Characteristics and Temporal Statistics written by Hing C. Chan and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The performance of ground-based surveillance radars is affected by the spectral characteristics and the temporal statistics of ground clutter. Traditionally, ground clutter problems are treated by employing filtering techniques such as delay-line cancellers. These techniques result in a degraded detection performance of low-velocity targets. With the worsening congestion in air traffic, there is an increased demand for improved performance of low-velocity target detection. To improve the detection performance of ground-based surveillance radars for low-velocity targets, signal processing algorithms which exploit ground-clutter characteristics must be developed. This requires a thorough understanding of ground-clutter behaviour. In this paper, we report the results of the spectral and statistical analyses of low-angle ground clutter, using data of the MIT Lincoln Laboratory Phase I program and S-band coherent ground-clutter data collected by the Radar Division of the Defence research Establishment Ottawa. The results of the spectral analysis show that ground clutter, as observed by a coherent radar with a stationary antenna, comprises three components: (a) a coherent component, (b) a slow-diffuse component and (c) a fast-diffuse component. These components can be described by relatively simple models. The model parameters are functions of radar frequency, waveform resolution, land cover and wind speed.
Book Synopsis Radar Equations for Modern Radar by : David Knox Barton
Download or read book Radar Equations for Modern Radar written by David Knox Barton and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2013 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the classic Radar Range-Performance Analysis from 1980, this practical volume extends that work to ensure applicability of radar equations to the design and analysis of modern radars. This unique book helps you identify what information on the radar and its environment is needed to predict detection range. Moreover, it provides equations and data to improve the accuracy of range calculations. You find detailed information on propagation effects, methods of range calculation in environments that include clutter, jamming and thermal noise, as well as loss factors that reduce radar performance. This invaluable book is supported with nearly 200 illustrations and over 430 equations.
Book Synopsis Radar Principles for the Non-Specialist by : J.C. Toomay
Download or read book Radar Principles for the Non-Specialist written by J.C. Toomay and published by SciTech Publishing. This book was released on 2004-06-30 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated edition provides a solid understanding of radar fundamentals and applications with far less of the mathematical rigor and technical data presented in engineering books for specialists.
Book Synopsis Bistatic Radar Land Clutter Characterization at X-band by : Abishek Mohan
Download or read book Bistatic Radar Land Clutter Characterization at X-band written by Abishek Mohan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, experiments were carried out in the X-band to gather land clutter data in simultaneous monostatic and bistatic configurations. The data so gathered was processed and analyzed to evaluate the statistics of bistatic land clutter and to understand their variation as a function of bistatic angle. Comparison of the bistatic clutter statistics to the monostatic counterparts were also made.
Book Synopsis Academic Press Library in Signal Processing by : Fulvio Gini
Download or read book Academic Press Library in Signal Processing written by Fulvio Gini and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-09-10 with total page 1389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second volume, edited and authored by world leading experts, gives a review of the principles, methods and techniques of important and emerging research topics and technologies in communications and radar engineering. With this reference source you will: Quickly grasp a new area of research Understand the underlying principles of a topic and its application Ascertain how a topic relates to other areas and learn of the research issues yet to be resolved Quick tutorial reviews of important and emerging topics of research in array and statistical signal processing Presents core principles and shows their application Reference content on core principles, technologies, algorithms and applications Comprehensive references to journal articles and other literature on which to build further, more specific and detailed knowledge Edited by leading people in the field who, through their reputation, have been able to commission experts to write on a particular topic
