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Looking For Local Labor Market Effects Of Nafta
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Book Synopsis Looking for Local Labor Market Effects of NAFTA by : John McLaren
Download or read book Looking for Local Labor Market Effects of NAFTA written by John McLaren and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using US Census data for 1990 and 2000, we estimate effects of the NAFTA agreement on the US wages. We look for any indication of effects of the agreement on (i) local labor markets dependent on industries vulnerable to import competition from Mexico, and (ii) workers employed in industries competing with Mexican imports. We find evidence of only modest local labor-market effects, but evidence for a strong industry effect, dramatically lowering wage growth for blue-collar workers in the most affected industries. These distributional effects are much larger than aggregate welfare effects estimated by other authors. In addition, we find strong evidence of anticipatory adjustment in places whose protection was expected to fall but had not yet fallen; this adjustment appears to have conferred an anticipatory rent to workers in those locations.
Book Synopsis Local Labor - Market Effects of NAFTA in Mexico by : Danielle Trachtenberg
Download or read book Local Labor - Market Effects of NAFTA in Mexico written by Danielle Trachtenberg and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper estimates the effects of NAFTA on labor and wages in Mexico using a local labor-markets approach. While NAFTA offered greater export opportunities to Mexican firms that may raise employment, it also opened the door to increased import competition that may dampen employment gains. This paper finds that in the first decade of its existence, NAFTA had a net positive impact on domestic employment of 870,000 workers, an increase of 13.7%. Production workers in Mexican gained significantly, with employment increasing by 32.8%. The impacts of NAFTA varied by region, with employment gains accruing mostly to states in the northeast, northwest, and central east regions of Mexico, which traded more with NAFTA countries.
Book Synopsis The Impact of NAFTA on U.S. Local Labor Market Employment by : Felipe Benguria
Download or read book The Impact of NAFTA on U.S. Local Labor Market Employment written by Felipe Benguria and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the impact of the North American Free Trade Agreement on U.S. local labor markets, based on cross-regional variation in exposure to the U.S. and Mexico's tariff liberalization. Lower U.S. tariffs led to a relative decline in the share of the working-age population employed in manufacturing (especially among low-skilled workers) in more exposed regions, and increases in unemployment and in the share of the population employed in certain low-pay non-manufacturing industries. Employment losses due to U.S. tariff liberalization were much larger among female and nonwhite workers. U.S. tariff cuts also induced changes in the task composition of employment, leading to a decline in employment in production-related routine occupations and an increase in abstract occupations. The contraction in manufacturing employment and in production-related routine employment and the rise in unemployment as a result of U.S. tariff liberalization were concentrated in parts of the South and Midwest with relatively lower human capital. Mexico's tariff cuts, in contrast, did not have a discernible impact on most U.S. local labor market employment outcomes.
Book Synopsis Labor Market Issues along the U.S.-Mexico Border by : Marie T. Mora
Download or read book Labor Market Issues along the U.S.-Mexico Border written by Marie T. Mora and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Five million workers are employed in a variety of settings along the U.S.–Mexico border, yet labor market outcomes on each side often differ. U.S. workers tend to have low earnings and high unemployment compared with the rest of the country, while workers on the Mexican side of the border are often more prosperous than those in the interior. This book sheds new light on these socioeconomic differentials, along with other labor market issues affecting both sides of the border. The contributors take up issues that dominate the current discourse— migration, trade, gender, education, earnings, and employment. They analyze labor conditions and their relationship to immigration, and also provide insight into income levels and population concentrations, the relative prosperity of Mexico’s border region, and NAFTA’s impact on trade and living conditions. Drawing on demographic, economic, and labor data, the chapters treat topics ranging from historical context to directions for future research. They cover the importance of trade to both the United States and Mexico, salary differentials, the determinants of wages among Mexican immigrant women on the U.S. side, and the net effect of Mexican migration on the public coffers in U.S. border states. The book’s concluding policy prescriptions are geared toward improving conditions on the U.S. side without dampening the success of workers in Mexico. Written to be equally accessible to social scientists, policy makers, and concerned citizens, this book deals with issues often overlooked in national policy discussions and can help readers better understand real-life conditions along the border. It dispels misconceptions regarding labor interdependence between the two countries while offering policy recommendations useful for improving the economic and social well-being of border residents.
Book Synopsis Essays on the Local Labor Market Effects of Globalization by : Oscar Alejandro Mendez Medina
Download or read book Essays on the Local Labor Market Effects of Globalization written by Oscar Alejandro Mendez Medina and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of a series of papers studying the effect that globalization in its multiple forms has had on Mexican local labor markets. In Chapter 1, 'Trade Shocks and Mexican Local Labor Markets in the Great Recession', I study the role that international trade played in the transmission of the U.S. credit crisis to Mexican local labor markets. The economic opening process that Mexico started by opening up to international trade in the mid-1980s when it became a member of the GATT, and then reinforced in 1994 when NAFTA was enacted, has created a strong link between the business cycles of Mexico and the United States (Robertson, 2000). This trade-driven phenomenon has had significant consequences for Mexico's economic geography (Hanson, 1996). In particular, easier access to the U.S. market increased the level of dependence on exports to the U.S. for some Mexican municipalities. This increase in dependence was not homogenous throughout the country, mostly due to differences by municipality in transportation costs and industry specialization. This heterogeneity, plus the evolution of U.S. trade during the Great Recession (2007-2009), which involved a $40 billion drop in U.S. imports from Mexico, allows me to identify the role that these trade linkages played in the transmission of the crisis to Mexican local labor markets. I show that differences in manufacturing industry structure caused by Mexico's opening process have made a subset of Mexican municipalities especially vulnerable to economic events in the U.S. I find that Mexican regions that exported relatively more to the U.S. experienced large and significant differential effects when compared to municipalities more focused on the domestic market. Mexican regions with significant ties to the U.S. market experienced, during the crisis, a significantly larger decrease in employment and wages, and greater within local labor market adjustments than their less open counterparts, mainly characterized by large drops in manufacturing employment and significant increases in employment in the service and agricultural industries. Pursuing the same line of research, the second chapter of my dissertation explores 'The Effect of Chinese Import Competition on Mexican Local Labor Markets'. Recent estimates of the effect of globalization on labor markets have found that trade is having an increasingly larger impact on wage inequality. Particularly relevant is the "China Syndrome" study by Autor, Dorn, and Hanson (2013a), which presents evidence on the disruptive effects that import competition can have on a developed economy by estimating the impact that Chinese import competition had on U.S. local labor markets. One would expect to find that Chinese exports also had a large and significant effect on developing economies, particularly on those specialized in the production of labor-intensive goods. My paper contributes to the study of this relationship by analyzing the Mexican case. Following the methodology introduced in Autor et al. (2013a), I exploit variation across Mexican regions in import exposure stemming from initial differences in industry specialization in order to estimate the effect Chinese competition had on local Mexican labor markets. Also, by taking advantage of the Mexican exports' high dependence on the U.S. market, I estimate the effect that China-caused trade diversion had on Mexican labor markets. I find that the increase in competition decreased the employment share in manufacturing for the average Mexican local labor market. This effect was found to be larger for regions with high exposure to Chinese competition in the U.S. market, showing that there was a significant, negative indirect effect from China's trade growth. Workers' mobility also increased due to this negative shock. I name the third chapter 'Mexican Migrants' Response to a Trade Shock'. This study exploits the variation created by Chinese import competition across Mexican states and combines it with variation across U.S. states in their likelihood of receiving Mexican migrants in order to yield a causal estimate of the variation in the Mexican share of the labor force across U.S. states. The purpose of this study is both to determine whether international migration can be affected by external trade shocks, a topic very scantily studied in the economic literature of both trade and migration, and to open the doors to a study of migration effects on the receiving economy by using a plausibly exogenous shock to migration, as is the increase in import competition by China. I find that the increase in Mexican imports from China had a significant effect on Mexican workers' mobility towards the U.S. labor markets.
Book Synopsis Immigration, Trade, and the Labor Market by : John M. Abowd
Download or read book Immigration, Trade, and the Labor Market written by John M. Abowd and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are immigrants squeezing Americans out of the work force? Or is competition wth foreign products imported by the United States an even greater danger to those employed in some industries? How do wages and unions fare in foreign-owned firms? And are the media's claims about the number of illegal immigrants misleading? Prompted by the growing internationalization of the U.S. labor market since the 1970s, contributors to Immigration, Trade, and the Labor Market provide an innovative and comprehensive analysis of the labor market impact of the international movements of people, goods, and capital. Their provocative findings are brought into perspective by studies of two other major immigrant-recipient countries, Canada and Australia. The differing experiences of each nation stress the degree to which labor market institutions and economic policies can condition the effect of immigration and trade on economic outcomes Contributors trace the flow of immigrants by comparing the labor market and migration behavior of individual immigrants, explore the effects of immigration on wages and employment by comparing the composition of the work force in local labor markets, and analyze the impact of trade on labor markets in different industries. A unique data set was developed especially for this study—ranging from an effort to link exports/imports with wages and employment in manufacturing industries, to a survey of illegal Mexican immigrants in the San Diego area—which will prove enormously valuable for future research.
Book Synopsis The Impact of NAFTA on the U.S. Labor Market by : Duangkamol Sunthonkhan
Download or read book The Impact of NAFTA on the U.S. Labor Market written by Duangkamol Sunthonkhan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Impact of NAFTA on the U.S. Labor Market by :
Download or read book The Impact of NAFTA on the U.S. Labor Market written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States International Trade Commission Publisher :CreateSpace ISBN 13 :9781507526859 Total Pages :24 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (268 download)
Book Synopsis The Impact of Nafta on U.s. Labor Markets by : United States International Trade Commission
Download or read book The Impact of Nafta on U.s. Labor Markets written by United States International Trade Commission and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-13 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the effects of NAFTA preferences on labor market outcomes in the United States. First, we review prior literature that has quantified these economic effects over the last twenty years. Then we turn from the past to the present. We ask how NAFTA preference margins affect U.S. labor markets today. We use a CGE model and detailed data on NAFTA preference margins to estimate these economic effects.
Book Synopsis Effects of Trade and Technology on the Mexican Labor Market by :
Download or read book Effects of Trade and Technology on the Mexican Labor Market written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assesses the effects of trade and technology on Mexico's laboral market during the 1994 - 2019 period. Regarding international trade, I analyze the implications of the exposure of local labor markets to greater trade integration under NAFTA and to greater competition from China in the US market. Regarding technology, I investigate the consequences of the exposure of local labor markets, with greater initial specialization in routine tasks, to automation. The main results show that trade integration under NAFTA promoted employment in Mexico throughout the different margins of adjustment considered (i.e. employment by demographic groups (gender, education level, and age); employment by occupation - task content crossed with demographic groups; and employment by sectors (manufacturing and non-manufacturing) crossed with occupation - task content), while it reduced unemployment and the non-participation rate. China's competition in the US market had the opposite effects on these labor market indicators. Women and the less educated were the most affected by both trade events. The analysis by sectors suggests that those markets susceptible to automation experienced a pattern of labor polarization. Finally, an exercise on the estimated beta coefficients shows that the main determinant of the investigated labor market indicators is trade (mainly NAFTA ) and not technology.
Book Synopsis The State of Working America 2006/2007 by : Lawrence R. Mishel
Download or read book The State of Working America 2006/2007 written by Lawrence R. Mishel and published by Comstock Publishing Associates. This book was released on 2007 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for previous editions of The State of Working America: "The State of Working America remains unrivaled as the most-trusted source for a comprehensive understanding of how working Americans and their families are faring in today's economy."--Robert B. Reich"It is the inequality of wealth, argue the authors, rather than new technology (as some would have it), that is responsible for the failure of America's workplace to keep pace with the country's economic growth. The State of Working America is a well-written, soundly argued, and important reference book."--Library Journal "If you want to know what happened to the economic well-being of the average American in the past decade or so, this is the book for you. It should be required reading for Americans of all political persuasions."--Richard Freeman, Harvard University "A truly comprehensive and useful book that provides a reality check on loose statements about U.S. labor markets. It should be cheered by all Americans who earn their living from work."--William Wolman, former chief economist, CNBC's Business Week "The State of Working America provides very valuable factual and analytic material on the economic conditions of American workers. It is the very best source of information on this important subject."--Ray Marshall, University of Texas, former U.S. Secretary of Labor"An indispensable work . . . on family income, wages, taxes, employment, and the distribution of wealth."--Simon Head, The New York Review of Books "No matter what political camp you're in, this is the single most valuable book I know of about the state of America, period. It is the most referenced, most influential resource book of its kind."--Jeff Madrick, author, The End of Affluence "This book is the single best yardstick for measuring whether or not our economic policies are doing enough to ensure that our economy can, once again, grow for everybody."--Richard A. Gephardt "The best place to review the latest developments in changes in the distribution of income and wealth."--Lester ThurowThe State of Working America, prepared biennially since 1988 by the Economic Policy Institute, includes a wide variety of data on family incomes, wages, taxes, unemployment, wealth, and poverty-data that enable the authors to closely examine the effect of the economy on the living standards of the American people.
Download or read book Exports to Jobs written by Erhan Artuc and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-02-25 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Asia has grown rapidly with significant reductions in poverty, but it has not been able to match the fast-growing working age population, leading to lingering concerns about jobless growth and poor job quality. Could export growth in South Asia result in better labor market outcomes? The answer is yes, according to our study, which rigorously estimates—using a new methodology—the potential impact from higher South Asian exports per worker on wages and employment over a 10-year period. Our study shows the positive side of trade. It finds that increasing exports per worker would result in higher wages—mainly for better-off groups, like more educated workers, males, and more-experienced workers—although less-skilled workers would see the largest reduction in informality. How can the benefits be spread more widely? Our study suggests that scaling up exports in labor-intensive industries could significantly lower informality for groups like rural and less-educated workers in the region. Also, increasing skills, and participation of women and young workers in the labor force could make an even bigger dent in informal employment. The region could achieve these gains by: (i) boosting and connecting exports to people (e.g., removing trade barriers and investment in infrastructure); (ii) eliminating distortions in production (e.g., by more efficient allocation of inputs); and (iii) protecting workers (e.g., by investing in education and skills).
Download or read book REMEX written by Amy Sara Carroll and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: REMEX presents the first comprehensive examination of artistic responses and contributions to an era defined by the North American Free Trade Agreement (1994–2008). Marshaling over a decade’s worth of archival research, interviews, and participant observation in Mexico City and the Mexico–US borderlands, Amy Sara Carroll considers individual and collective art practices, recasting NAFTA as the most fantastical inter-American allegory of the turn of the millennium. Carroll organizes her interpretations of performance, installation, documentary film, built environment, and body, conceptual, and Internet art around three key coordinates—City, Woman, and Border. She links the rise of 1990s Mexico City art in the global market to the period’s consolidation of Mexico–US border art as a genre. She then interrupts this transnational art history with a sustained analysis of chilanga and Chicana artists’ remapping of the figure of Mexico as Woman. A tour de force that depicts a feedback loop of art and public policy—what Carroll terms the “allegorical performative”—REMEX adds context to the long-term effects of the post-1968 intersection of D.F. performance and conceptualism, centralizes women artists’ embodied critiques of national and global master narratives, and tracks post-1984 border art’s “undocumentation” of racialized and sexualized reconfigurations of North American labor pools. The book’s featured artwork becomes the lens through which Carroll rereads a range of events and phenomenon from California’s Proposition 187 to Zapatismo, US immigration policy, 9/11 (1973/2001), femicide in Ciudad Juárez, and Mexico’s war on drugs.
Book Synopsis The State of Working America, 2000-2001 by : Lawrence R. Mishel
Download or read book The State of Working America, 2000-2001 written by Lawrence R. Mishel and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prepared biennially since 1988 by the Economic Policy Institute, this work includes a wide variety of data on family incomes, wages, taxes, unemployment, wealth and poverty, allowing the authors to examine the effect of the economy on the living standards of the American people.
Book Synopsis Statistics on U.S. Immigration by : National Research Council
Download or read book Statistics on U.S. Immigration written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-07-27 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing importance of immigration in the United States today prompted this examination of the adequacy of U.S. immigration data. This volume summarizes data needs in four areas: immigration trends, assimilation and impacts, labor force issues, and family and social networks. It includes recommendations on additional sources for the data needed for program and research purposes, and new questions and refinements of questions within existing data sources to improve the understanding of immigration and immigrant trends.
Book Synopsis Greening the Americas by : Carolyn Deere-Birkbeck
Download or read book Greening the Americas written by Carolyn Deere-Birkbeck and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Many of the papers included in this volume were first presented and discussed in the Spring of 2000 at a conference on lessons from the NAFTA for the FTAA"--Pref.
Book Synopsis Effects of NAFTA on US Employment and Policy Responses by :
Download or read book Effects of NAFTA on US Employment and Policy Responses written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
