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Author : Donald R. F. Harleman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (242 download)
Download or read book Longitudinal Dispersion and Unsteady Salinity Intrusion in Estuaries written by Donald R. F. Harleman and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Donald R. F. Harleman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Unsteady Salinity Intrusion in Estuaries written by Donald R. F. Harleman and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : M. Llewellyn Thatcher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book A Mathematical Model for the Prediction of Unsteady Salinity Intrusion in Estuaries written by M. Llewellyn Thatcher and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The salinity structure of a tidal estuary fed by upstream fresh water sources is an important factor of water quality. In addition, this structure is intimately related to the circulation of the estuary because of density currents induced by the salt-fresh water relation. Previous investigations in two and three dimensions have been limited to extremely simplified geometrical and steady-state assumptions. One dimensional studies have considered the variable area case, but have been limited to descriptive rather than predictive methods because of the difficulty of handling the downstream boundary condition for the one-dimensional salt balance equation and because of the necessity to specify a longitudinal dispersion coefficient based on field data for the estuary being studied. This study presents a predictive numerical model of unsteady salinity intrusion in estuaries by formulating the problem in finite-difference terms using the one-dimensional, tidal time, variable area equations for the conservation of water mass, conservation of momentum and conservation of salt. Tidal time means a time scale of calculation larger than that defining turbulence, but much smaller than a tidal period in order to correctly represent the tidal advection within a tidal period. The tidal dynamic equations are coupled to the conservation of salt equation through a salinity-density relationship, and the ocean boundary condition for salt is formulated in a manner which depends on the direction of flow at the entrance to the estuary. The longitudinal dispersion coefficient has been shown to be proportional to the magnitude of the local, time-varying longitudinal salinity gradient, and this constant of proportionality has been shown to depend on a dimensionless parameter which expresses the degree of vertical stratification of the estuary. This relationship has been established for a wide range of stratification conditions. The mathematical model has been verified using data from the Waterways Experiment Station salinity flume and field data from the Delaware, the Potomac, and the Hudson. By specifying initial conditions, fresh water hydrographs, and tidal elevations at the ocean, it is possible to predict the time-varying salinity using this model.
Author : M. Llewellyn Thatcher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (359 download)
Download or read book Prediction of Unsteady Salinity Intrusion in Estuaries written by M. Llewellyn Thatcher and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreword: This report is intended as a documentation of the computer program and as a user's manual for the implementation of the mathematical model for the prediction of unsteady salinity intrusion in estuaries. The details of the model development and verification are contained in the following report: "A Mathematical Model for the Prediction of Unsteady Salinity Intrusion in Estuaries" by M. Llewellyn Thatcher and Donald R.F. Harleman, Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory for Water Resources and Hydrodynamics, Technical Report No. 144, February 1972 also published by M.I.T. Sea Grant Project Office as Report No. MITSG 72-7 (index No. 72-307-Ccb)]. The unsteady salinity intrusion model is one-dimensional, although varying degrees of stratification are accounted for in the assumed longitudinal dispersion relationship. This model is a component in two additional studies, one of which is concerned with the two-dimensional aspects of salinity intrusion (i.e. vertical salinity and velocity distributions in estuaries): "Mathematical Simulation of Tidal Time-Averages of Salinity and Velocity Profiles in Estuaries" by John S. Fisher, John D. Ditmars and Arthur T. Ippen, Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory for Water Resources and Hydrodynamics, Technical Report No. 151, July 1972 [also published by M.I.T. Sea Grant Project Office as Report No. MITSG 72-11 (index No. 72-311-Ccb)] The second study is concerned with the development of a model for predicting the transient longitudinal distribution of water quality parameters in estuaries: "Numerical Model for the Prediction of Transient Water Quality in Estuary Networks" by James E. Dailey and Donald R.F. Harleman, Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory for Water Resources and Hydrodynamics, Technical Report No. 158, October 1972 [also published by M.I.T. Sea Grant Project Office as Report No. MITSG 72-15 (index No. 72-315-Ccb)] This user's manual therefore assists in the implementation of the analytical and numerical models listed above.
Author : J. F. Coles
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (359 download)
Download or read book Long Term Prediction of Salinity Intrusion in Estuaries written by J. F. Coles and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John Martin Hamrick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Salinity Intrusion and Gravitational Circulation in Partially Stratified Estuaries written by John Martin Hamrick and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Arthur T. Ippen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (126 download)
Download or read book One-dimensional Analysis of Salinity Intrusion in Estuaries written by Arthur T. Ippen and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental and analytical study of the basic factors which determine the instantaneous longitudinal distribution of salinity in a partially mixed estuary of constant section is presented. The mass-transfer equation is solved in two parts: (a) the quasi-steady-state convective-diffusion problem for an observer moving with the tidal velocity, and (b) the cyclic translation of saline water due to the tidal velocity. In the steady-state portion the apparent longitudinal diffusion coefficient is a function of the turbulence induced by the tide and of the internal circulations induced by the density difference. An expression is developed for the intrusion length as a function of the estuary length, mean depth, tidal amplitude and period, fresh-water discharge, ocean salinity, and estuary roughness. A stratification number is defined which expresses the degree of stratification or mixing in an estuary. (Author).
Author : P. J. Waite
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (359 download)
Download or read book Salinity Intrusion in Estuaries written by P. J. Waite and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gerrit Abraham
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (359 download)
Download or read book Data Requirement for One-dimensional Mathematical Modelling of Salinity Intrusion in Estuaries written by Gerrit Abraham and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book Estuarine Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : H.H.G. Savenije
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080461611
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Salinity and Tides in Alluvial Estuaries written by H.H.G. Savenije and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-01-26 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes an integrated theory that links estuary shape to tidal hydraulics, tidal mixing and salt intrusion. The shape of an alluvial estuary is characterised by exponentially varying width and the absence of bottom slope. This topography is closely related to tidal parameters, hydraulic parameters and parameters that describe 1-dimensional mixing and salt intrusion. Starting from the fundamental equations for conservation of mass and momentum, analytical equations are derived that relate the topography to tidal parameters (tidal excursion, phase lag, tidal damping, tidal amplification), wave celerity, lateral and vertical mixing and salt intrusion. The book presents a review of the state of the art, a comprehensive theoretical background and ample case illustrations from all over the world. It provides tools with which human interference in estuary dynamics can be described and predicted, resulting from, for instance: upstream fresh water abstraction, dredging, climate change or sea-level rise. In describing the interactions between tide, topography, water quality and river discharge, it provides useful information for hydraulic engineers, morphologists, ecologists and people concerned with water quality in alluvial estuaries. Although the book can be used as a text book, it is mainly a monograph aimed at graduate students and researchers. * Provides new integrated theory for tidal hydraulics, tidal mixing and salt intrusion in alluvial estuaries * Presents a consistent set of analytical equations to compute tidal movement, tidal mixing and salt intrusion, derived from the fundamental laws of conservation of mass and momentum * Serves as a practical guide with many illustrations of applications in real estuaries
Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080870597
Total Pages : 561 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Hydrodynamics of Estuaries and Fjords written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1978-01-01 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrodynamics of Estuaries and Fjords
Author : Anh Duc Nguyen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439828342
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)
Download or read book Salt Intrusion, Tides and Mixing in Multi-Channel Estuaries written by Anh Duc Nguyen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-11-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multi-channel estuaries, such as the Mekong Delta in Vietnam and the Scheldt in the Netherlands, have characteristics of both the river and the sea, forming an environment influenced by tidal movements of the sea and freshwater flow of the river. This study discusses a predictive analytical approach for salinity intrusion and discharge estimate in multi-channel estuaries. The new approach agrees with 1-D hydrodynamic models and observations, indicating its applicability in practice. It has successfully developed a new theory and a new equation to quantify tidal pumping due to ebb-flood channel residual circulation and the related salt dispersion.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Key to Oceanographic Records Documentation written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jitendra Saxena
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323149057
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)
Download or read book Hazard Assessment of Chemicals written by Jitendra Saxena and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hazard Assessment of Chemicals: Current Developments, Volume 1 is a comprehensive and authoritative account of major developments in hazard assessment of chemicals. In addition to subject reviews, this volume contains case histories of topical chemicals and/or chemical classes in order to show examples of the applications of available methods and approaches for evaluating chemicals. Primary and secondary sources of information on chemicals are considered, along with the environmental and health hazards associated with chemicals. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with an assessment of information sources on toxic substances, followed by a discussion on pre-concentration of trace metals from aquatic environmental samples. Subsequent chapters focus on the reproductive toxicology of aquatic contaminants; partition coefficient and water solubility in environmental chemistry; in vitro metabolism and activation of chemical carcinogens; and modeling of toxic spills into waterways. Estimation of exposure to hazardous chemicals is also described, along with structure-activity relationships in hazard assessment. The final chapter presents a case study of azaarenes, with emphasis on their sources, distribution, environmental impact, and health effects. This book will be of interest to toxicologists, chemists, and environmental and public health officials.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 838 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (41 download)
Download or read book NBS Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Committee on Tidal Hydraulics
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)
Download or read book Unsteady Salinity Intrusion in Estuaries written by United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Committee on Tidal Hydraulics and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
