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Long Term Climate Monitoring By The Global Climate Observing System
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Book Synopsis Long-Term Climate Monitoring by the Global Climate Observing System by : Thomas R. Karl
Download or read book Long-Term Climate Monitoring by the Global Climate Observing System written by Thomas R. Karl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the climate warming? Is the hydrological cycle intensifying? Is the climate becoming more variable or extreme? Is the chemical composition of the atmosphere changing? Is the solar irradiance constant? Answers to these questions are fundamental to understanding, predicting, and assessing climate on time scales ranging from weeks to a century. Atmospheric, oceanic, and environmental scientists have primarily relied on an ad-hoc collection of disparate environmental observational and data management systems to address these problems. But these systems were not designed to measure climate variations and, as a result, changes and variations of the earth system during the instrumental climate record is far from unequivocal. This book develops a framework from which a Global Climate Observing System, currently being discussed in international forums, can be implemented to monitor changes and variations of climate. Audience: Administrators, policy makers, professionals, graduate students, and others interested in learning how we can ensure a long-term climate record for application to national economic development and understanding ecosystem dynamics.
Book Synopsis Long-Term Climate Monitoring by the Global Climate Observing System by : Thomas R. Karl
Download or read book Long-Term Climate Monitoring by the Global Climate Observing System written by Thomas R. Karl and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Adequacy of Climate Observing Systems by : National Research Council
Download or read book Adequacy of Climate Observing Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-03-01 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1997 Conference on the World Climate Research Programme to the Third Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change concluded that the global capacity to observe the Earth's climate system is inadequate and is deteriorating worldwide. As a result, the chair of the subcommittee of the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) requested a National Research Council study to assess the current status of the climate observing capabilities of the United States. This report focuses on existing observing systems for detection and attribution of climate change, with special emphasis on those systems with long time series.
Book Synopsis Long-term Climate Monitoring by the Global Climate Observing System by : Thomas R. Karl
Download or read book Long-term Climate Monitoring by the Global Climate Observing System written by Thomas R. Karl and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Long-term Monitoring of Global Climate Forcings and Feedbacks by : James Edward Hansen
Download or read book Long-term Monitoring of Global Climate Forcings and Feedbacks written by James Edward Hansen and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Preprints for the 1995 Conference on Long-Term Climate Monitoring of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), January 9-11, 1995, Asheville, North Carolina by :
Download or read book Preprints for the 1995 Conference on Long-Term Climate Monitoring of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), January 9-11, 1995, Asheville, North Carolina written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The United States Detailed National Report on Systematic Observations for Climate by :
Download or read book The United States Detailed National Report on Systematic Observations for Climate written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Global Climate Observing System Newsletter by :
Download or read book Global Climate Observing System Newsletter written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Global Change Research and NASA's Earth Observing System by : United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
Download or read book Global Change Research and NASA's Earth Observing System written by United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluating Progress of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program by : National Research Council
Download or read book Evaluating Progress of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-12-28 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Climate Change Science Program (CCSP) coordinates the efforts of 13 federal agencies to understand why climate is changing, to improve predictions about how it will change in the future, and to use that information to assess impacts on human systems and ecosystems and to better support decision making. Evaluating Progress of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program is the first review of the CCSP's progress since the program was established in 2002. It lays out a method for evaluating the CCSP, and uses that method to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the entire program and to identify areas where progress has not met expectations. The committee found that the program has made good progress in documenting and understanding temperature trends and related environmental changes on a global scale, as well as in understanding the influence of human activities on these observed changes. The ability to predict future climate changes also has improved, but efforts to understand the impacts of such changes on society and analyze mitigation and adaptation strategies are still relatively immature. The program also has not met expectations in supporting decision making, studying regional impacts, and communicating with a wider group of stakeholders.
Book Synopsis Monitoring Climate Change Impacts by : National Research Council
Download or read book Monitoring Climate Change Impacts written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-11-27 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stresses associated with climate change are expected to be felt keenly as human population grows to a projected 9 billion by the middle of this century, increasing the demand for resources and supporting infrastructure. Therefore, information to assess vulnerabilities to climate change is needed to support policies and investments designed to increase resilience in human and Earth systems. There are currently many observing systems that capture elements of how climate is changing, for example, direct measurements of atmospheric and ocean temperature. Although those measurements are essential for understanding the scale and nature of climate change, they do not necessarily provide information about the impacts of climate change on humans that are especially relevant for political and economic planning and decision making. Monitoring Climate Change Impacts tackles the challenge of developing an illustrative suite of indicators, measurements (and the locations around the globe where the measurements can be applied), and metrics that are important for understanding global climate change and providing insight into environmental sustainability. Eight panels provided input on: cryosphere, land-surface and terrestrial ecosystems, hydrology and water resources, atmosphere, human health and other dimensions, oceans (both physical and biological/chemical), and natural disasters. The book also provides an illustrative set of metrics that are likely to be affected by climate change over the next 20-25 years and, when taken together, can potentially give advance warning of climate-related changes to the human and environment systems.
Book Synopsis Report on the Adequacy of the Global Climate Observing Systems by :
Download or read book Report on the Adequacy of the Global Climate Observing Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific Design for the Common Module of the Global Ocean Observing System and the Global Climate Observing System by : Ocean Observing System Development Panel
Download or read book Scientific Design for the Common Module of the Global Ocean Observing System and the Global Climate Observing System written by Ocean Observing System Development Panel and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Observing Weather and Climate from the Ground Up by : National Research Council
Download or read book Observing Weather and Climate from the Ground Up written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-01-06 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detailed weather observations on local and regional levels are essential to a range of needs from forecasting tornadoes to making decisions that affect energy security, public health and safety, transportation, agriculture and all of our economic interests. As technological capabilities have become increasingly affordable, businesses, state and local governments, and individual weather enthusiasts have set up observing systems throughout the United States. However, because there is no national network tying many of these systems together, data collection methods are inconsistent and public accessibility is limited. This book identifies short-term and long-term goals for federal government sponsors and other public and private partners in establishing a coordinated nationwide "network of networks" of weather and climate observations.
Book Synopsis Reconciling Observations of Global Temperature Change by : National Research Council
Download or read book Reconciling Observations of Global Temperature Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-01-07 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overall increase in global-mean atmospheric temperatures is predicted to occur in response to human-induced increases in atmospheric concentrations of heat-trapping "greenhouse gases." The most prominent of these gases, carbon dioxide, has increased in concentration by over 30% during the past 200 years, and is expected to continue to increase well into the future. Other changes in atmospheric composition complicate the picture. In particular, increases in the number of small particles (called aerosols) in the atmosphere regionally offset and mask the greenhouse effect, and stratospheric ozone depletion contributes to cooling of the upper troposphere and stratosphere. Many in the scientific community believe that a distinctive greenhouse-warming signature is evident in surface temperature data for the past few decades. Some, however, are puzzled by the fact that satellite temperature measurements indicate little, if any, warming of the lower to mid-troposphere (the layer extending from the surface up to about 8 km) since such satellite observations first became operational in 1979. The satellite measurements appear to be substantiated by independent trend estimates for this period based on radiosonde data. Some have interpreted this apparent discrepancy between surface and upper air observations as casting doubt on the overall reliability of the surface temperature record, whereas others have concluded that the satellite data (or the algorithms that are being used to convert them into temperatures) must be erroneous. It is also conceivable that temperatures at the earth's surface and aloft have not tracked each other perfectly because they have responded differently to natural and/or human-induced climate forcing during this particular 20-year period. Whether these differing temperature trends can be reconciled has implications for assessing: how much the earth has warmed during the past few decades, whether observed changes are in accord with the predicted response to the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on model simulations, and whether the existing atmospheric observing system is adequate for the purposes of monitoring global-mean temperature. This report reassesses the apparent differences between the temperature changes recorded by satellites and the surface thermometer network on the basis of the latest available information. It also offers an informed opinion as to how the different temperature records should be interpreted, and recommends actions designed to reduce the remaining uncertainties in these measurements.
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :160 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Global Environmental Change Research by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space
Download or read book Global Environmental Change Research written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advancing the Science of Climate Change by : National Research Council
Download or read book Advancing the Science of Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-10 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities, and poses significant risks for-and in many cases is already affecting-a broad range of human and natural systems. The compelling case for these conclusions is provided in Advancing the Science of Climate Change, part of a congressionally requested suite of studies known as America's Climate Choices. While noting that there is always more to learn and that the scientific process is never closed, the book shows that hypotheses about climate change are supported by multiple lines of evidence and have stood firm in the face of serious debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. As decision makers respond to these risks, the nation's scientific enterprise can contribute through research that improves understanding of the causes and consequences of climate change and also is useful to decision makers at the local, regional, national, and international levels. The book identifies decisions being made in 12 sectors, ranging from agriculture to transportation, to identify decisions being made in response to climate change. Advancing the Science of Climate Change calls for a single federal entity or program to coordinate a national, multidisciplinary research effort aimed at improving both understanding and responses to climate change. Seven cross-cutting research themes are identified to support this scientific enterprise. In addition, leaders of federal climate research should redouble efforts to deploy a comprehensive climate observing system, improve climate models and other analytical tools, invest in human capital, and improve linkages between research and decisions by forming partnerships with action-oriented programs.
