Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Liquid Cryogens Theory And Equipment full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Liquid Cryogens Theory And Equipment ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : Kenneth D. Williamson
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book LIQUID CRYOGENS, VOL I THEORY & EQUIPMENT written by Kenneth D. Williamson and published by Springer. This book was released on 1983-05-03 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : K.D. Williamson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Liquid Cryogens: Theory And Equipment written by K.D. Williamson and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Williamson Jr KD Ed
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (985 download)
Download or read book Liquid Cryogens - Volume 1 : Theory and Equipment written by Williamson Jr KD Ed and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Frederick J. Edeskuty
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489903070
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)
Download or read book Safety in the Handling of Cryogenic Fluids written by Frederick J. Edeskuty and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-22 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of safety in any scientific endeavor is never in question. However, when cryogenic temperatures are involved, safety is especially important. In addition to observing the normal precautions, one must also take into account the variations of physical properties that occur at low temperatures. At these tempera tures, some properties not only exhibit large differences from their normal values but also can vary widely over a small temperature range. Before any cryogenic project is started, a thorough knowledge of the possible hazards is necessary. Only in this way can the safest operation be attained. Over the hundred-year history of cryogenic research, this has been shown to be the case. Keeping this requirement in mind is an essential ingredient in the quest for accident-free work. The past four or five decades have seen a great expansion of cryogenic technology. Cryogenic liquids, such as oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and helium, have become commonly used in a number of different applications and are easily available in any part of the United States and, indeed, almost anywhere in the world. Not only are these liquids available, they have become less expensive and also available in ever larger quantities. As quantities increase, so also do the conse quences of mishaps. The future seems to hold promise of ever larger and more widespread use of the common cryogens. Thus, the importance of safety also increases as time progresses.
Author : A. J. Croft
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475748930
Total Pages : 189 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)
Download or read book Cryogenic Laboratory Equipment written by A. J. Croft and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is meant for laboratory workers who for one reason or another have a need to cool something down to temperatures below that of liquid nitrogen - notably to 4. 2°K and below. It does not deal with experimental techniques at low temperatures, but I have tried to bring the reader face to face with the brutishrealities of the necessary hardware. As weIl as giving information about sources of supply of equipment, I have gone into so me detail about how some of it can be made in laboratory workshops for the sake of those who are short of money but blessed with competent technical support. So far as highly specialized items such as liquefiers, refrigerators, refrigerant containers, cryostat dewars, etc. , are concerned, I have included aIl sources of supply which I have got to he ar of; in the case of more generaIly available equipment only representative sources of known reliability have been quoted. Any omissions or errors must be put down either to my own ignorance, stupidity, or lack of will toget about the world, or perhaps to the difficulty I have had in extracting information from manufacturers. However, most have gone to great trouble to help, and I hope I have done them justice. Brought up to work indifferently in inches and centimetres and perched between the opposing puIls of the USA and Europe, I have used a mixture of units which may shock the purist.
Author : Klaus D. Timmerhaus
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468487566
Total Pages : 614 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Cryogenic Process Engineering written by Klaus D. Timmerhaus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryogenics, a term commonly used to refer to very low temperatures, had its beginning in the latter half of the last century when man learned, for the first time, how to cool objects to a temperature lower than had ever existed na tu rally on the face of the earth. The air we breathe was first liquefied in 1883 by a Polish scientist named Olszewski. Ten years later he and a British scientist, Sir James Dewar, liquefied hydrogen. Helium, the last of the so-caBed permanent gases, was finally liquefied by the Dutch physicist Kamerlingh Onnes in 1908. Thus, by the beginning of the twentieth century the door had been opened to astrange new world of experimentation in which aB substances, except liquid helium, are solids and where the absolute temperature is only a few microdegrees away. However, the point on the temperature scale at which refrigeration in the ordinary sense of the term ends and cryogenics begins has ne ver been weB defined. Most workers in the field have chosen to restrict cryogenics to a tem perature range below -150°C (123 K). This is a reasonable dividing line since the normal boiling points of the more permanent gases, such as helium, hydrogen, neon, nitrogen, oxygen, and air, lie below this temperature, while the more common refrigerants have boiling points that are above this temperature. Cryogenic engineering is concerned with the design and development of low-temperature systems and components.
Author : Thomas D. Bostock
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030106411
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Low-Loss Storage and Handling of Cryogenic Liquids written by Thomas D. Bostock and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-21 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised second edition of this practical book reviews the fundamentals of cryogenic liquid behaviour in small and large scale storage systems. The text is based on research findings on the convective and evaporative behaviour of cryogenic fluids, aimed at improving the design, construction and operation of low-loss cryogenic liquid storage systems, with a view to minimising cost and improving operational safety. Since the first edition was published in 2006, the breadth of cryogenic applications and the modelling of cryogenic fluid dynamics (CFD) have expanded in several directions. In this second edition, most chapters have been extended to introduce discussions of these new applications and their safety and energy economy. These include advances in the modelling of CFD required in, for example, the design of miniature cryocoolers and condensers and reboilers, large-scale cryogenic liquid mixture properties and their stability, and the understanding that hazards and safety problems in the public domain increase with the scaling up of cryogenic systems. With helpful summaries at the end of each chapter, the book is an essential reference for anyone working on the design and operation of cryogenic liquid storage and transportation systems.
Author : D. K. Edmonds
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Incipient and Developed Cavitation in Liquid Cryogens written by D. K. Edmonds and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cavitation characteristics of liquid hydrogen and liquid nitrogen flowing in a transparent plastic venturi were determined and conventional cavitation-inception-parameter curves are given.Representative developed-cavitation data, consisting of pressure and temperature measurements within fully-developed cavities, are also given; measured temperatures and pressures within the cavities were generally not *in thermodynamic equilibrium.Existing theory was used to obtain equations which correlate the experimental data for developed cavities in liquid hydrogen or liquid nitrogen.The theory is extended to include the effect of cavity thickness and the experimental data are used to evaluate the results.Some recommendations for future work are given.(Author).
Author : Allyson E. Hayes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781617613234
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (132 download)
Download or read book Cryogenics written by Allyson E. Hayes and published by . This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryogenics is the study of the production of very low temperature (below -150 °C, -238 °F or 123 K) and the behaviour of materials at those temperatures. This book presents current research from across the globe in the study of cryogenics, including the effect of cryogenic treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of light weight alloys; the application of Fiber Bragg grating sensors at cryogenic temperatures; cryogenic grinding; liquid oxygen magnetohydrodynamics; and genetic engineering techniques used to improve tolerance to cryopreservation.
Author :
Publisher : ASTM International
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Cryogens and Gases written by and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1973 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Steven W. Van Sciver
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441999795
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Helium Cryogenics written by Steven W. Van Sciver and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-14 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty five years have elapsed since the original publication of Helium Cryogenics. During this time, a considerable amount of research and development involving helium fluids has been carried out culminating in several large-scale projects. Furthermore, the field has matured through these efforts so that there is now a broad engineering base to assist the development of future projects. Helium Cryogenics, 2nd edition brings these advances in helium cryogenics together in an updated form. As in the original edition, the author's approach is to survey the field of cryogenics with emphasis on helium fluids. This approach is more specialized and fundamental than that contained in other cryogenics books, which treat the associated range of cryogenic fluids. As a result, the level of treatment is more advanced and assumes a certain knowledge of fundamental engineering and physics principles, including some quantum mechanics. The goal throughout the work is to bridge the gap between the physics and engineering aspects of helium fluids to provide a source for engineers and scientists to enhance their usefulness in low-temperature systems. Dr. Van Sciver is a Distinguished Research Professor and John H. Gorrie Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Florida State University. He is also a Program Director at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL). Dr. Van Sciver joined the FAMU-FSU College of Engineering and the NHMFL in 1991, initiating and teaching a graduate program in magnet and materials engineering and in cryogenic thermal sciences and heat transfer. He also led the NHMFL development efforts of the cryogenic systems for the NHMFL Hybrid and 900 MHz NMR superconducting magnets. Between 1997 and 2003, he served as Director of Magnet Science and Technology at the NHMFL. Dr. Van Sciver is a Fellow of the ASME and the Cryogenic Society of America and American Editor for the journal Cryogenics. He is the 2010 recipient of the Kurt Mendelssohn Award. Prior to joining Florida State University, Dr. Van Sciver was Research Scientist and then Professor of Nuclear Engineering, Engineering Physics and Mechanical Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison from 1976 to 1991. During that time he also served as the Associate Director of the Applied Superconductivity Center. Dr. Van Sciver received his PhD in Low Temperature Physics from the University of Washington-Seattle in 1976. He received his BS degree in Engineering Physics from Lehigh University in 1970. Dr. Van Sciver is author of over 200 publications and patents in low temperature physics, liquid helium technology, cryogenic engineering and magnet technology. The first edition of Helium Cryogenics was published by Plenum Press (1986). The present work is an update and expansion of that original project.
Author : Thomas Flynn
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203026993
Total Pages : 912 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Cryogenic Engineering, Revised and Expanded written by Thomas Flynn and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-11-30 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an engineering consultant with over 48 years of experience in the field, this Second Edition provides a reader-friendly and thorough discussion of the fundamental principles and science of cryogenic engineering including the properties of fluids and solids, refrigeration and liquefaction, insulation, instrumentation, natural gas processi
Author : B. A. Hands
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Cryogenic Engineering written by B. A. Hands and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a new account of the basic science and the methods now being used in cryogenic engineering -- engineering at temperatures well below room temperature. This volume provides a complete look at theory and practice in the field, with emphasis on engineering methods. Extensive references are included in this coverage of: refrigeration and liquefaction properties of materials and fluids fluid dynamics and heat transfer instrumentation survey of applications.
Author : Steven W. Van Sciver
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489904999
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)
Download or read book Helium Cryogenics written by Steven W. Van Sciver and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At least 10 years have elapsed since a comprehensive monograph concer ned with the broad subject of cryogenics has been published. During this time a considerable quantity of research and development has been carried out in the field of cryogenics. Furthermore, there has been a certain degree of redirection of effort within the field, mostly driven by the variety of new applications, ranging from superconductive magnet systems to micro electronics. Greater emphasis is now being placed on low-temperature cryogenics, particularly that of liquid helium. Until now cryogenic books have provided a broad survey of materials and fluid properties over the entire cryogenic regime, T ::5 150 K. This approach does not allow sufficient detail in any particular area to bring the reader to the current level of understanding in the subject. In addition, the behavior of helium has been lumped with that of other cryogenic fluids, although the properties of helium are quite unique. As a result, a clear relationship has not been established between the fundamental understanding of helium fluids and their potential applications. The present book has been written to fill this void. The approach is to survey the field of cryogenics, specifically as it pertains to helium fluids. This approach is more specialized than that contained in previous cryogenics books. Furthermore, the level of treatment is more advanced and a certain knowledge of fundamental engineering and physics principles has been assumed.
Author : Dr. Zuyu Zhao
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429532040
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)
Download or read book Cryogenic Engineering and Technologies written by Dr. Zuyu Zhao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-10-16 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryogen-free cryogenics is leading a revolution in research and industry by its significant advantages over traditional liquid helium systems. This is the first overview for the field, covering the key technologies, conceptual design, fabrication, operation, performance, and applications of these systems. The contents cover important topics such as the operating principles of 4K cryocoolers, enabling technologies (including vibration reduction) for cryogen free systems, the cryogen- free superconducting magnet, and cryogen-free systems that reach mK. It highlights the wide range of applications in materials science, quantum physics, astronomy and space science, medical sciences and etc. Key features: Introduce technologies and practical know-how employed for cryogen-free systems of using 4 K cryocoolers to replace liquid helium; Address state of the arts of cryogen-free superconducting magnets, sub-kelvin refrigeration systems of He-3 sorption cooler, adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) and dilution refrigerators (DR). Discuss applications of cryogen-free systems in modern instruments and equipment.
Author : K. D. Timmerhaus
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468430998
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Advances in Cryogenic Engineering written by K. D. Timmerhaus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than sixty years have elapsed since Linde first liquefied air on a commercial scale and prepared the way for separating of other gaseous mixtures. His work, however, was not of an isolated nature. It was conceived eighteen years after air had, for the first time, been liquefied in the laboratory by Pictet in Geneva and Caillete in Paris. Linde's liquefaction of air was followed by Dewar's work on hydrogen liquefaction in London and by the setting up at Leiden of Kamerlingh Onnes's famous low temperature laboratory. These advances in low temperature or cryogenic technology have resulted in the establishment of a completely new and thriving industry. Cryogenic engineering is concerned with developing and improving low temperature processes, techniques, and equipment; determining the physical properties of structural and related materials used in producing, maintaining, and using low temperatures; and the practical application of low temperature techniques and processes. These low tempera tures are below those usually encountered in refrigerating engineering. It is rather difficult to assign a definite temperature which serves to divide refrigerating engineering from cryogenic engineering. A temperature below _lSOoC, however, is generally associated with cryogenic engineering.
Author : Klaus D. Timmerhaus
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 038746896X
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (874 download)
Download or read book Cryogenic Engineering written by Klaus D. Timmerhaus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-12 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a benchmark reference work on Cryogenic Engineering which chronicles the major developments in the field. Starting with an historical background, this book reviews the development of data resources now available for cryogenic fields and properties of materials. It presents the latest changes in cryopreservation and the advances over the past 50 years. The book also highlights an exceptional reference listing to provide referral to more details.
