Links Between Terrorism And Transnational Crime Groups

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Links between terrorism and transnational crime groups

Author : Robert Fiedler
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640785282
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Links between terrorism and transnational crime groups by : Robert Fiedler

Download or read book Links between terrorism and transnational crime groups written by Robert Fiedler and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-12-27 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict, Security, grade: 1,3, Macquarie University, language: English, abstract: Given today’s existence of hundreds of terrorist groups and thousands of criminal ones (Schmid, 2005) it is not surprisingly that in “some cases a symbiosis between terrorism and organised crime occurred that did not exist before” (Laqueur, 1999, p. 211). In fact, since the early 1990’s “Western law enforcement agencies have noted an increased reliance on criminal activities by terrorist groups” (Mili, 2006, p. 8) a relationship that seems only natural given that terrorism itself is always a crime (Gorka, 2000). Hence, it is assumed that there is a “close connection between international terrorism and transnational organized crime” (United Nations Security Council, 2001). Some even argue that both criminal activities “bleed into one another” (Makarenko, 2003) and that there is a “possibly irreversible trend towards a convergence of these activities” (Williams & Sanova, 1995, p. 28). In the following this paper will argue that the linkages between criminal and terrorist activities have increased since the end of Cold War in the early 1990’s. However, the structure of these linkages is contested in the scholarly debate. In order to find a conclusion, this paper will analyze major changes in the structure of terrorist and criminal groups. In a second section the prevailing scenarios of a terrorist-criminal nexus will be outlined and critically discussed.

International Terrorism and Transnational Crime: Security Threats, U.S. Policy, and Considerations for Congress

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis International Terrorism and Transnational Crime: Security Threats, U.S. Policy, and Considerations for Congress by :

Download or read book International Terrorism and Transnational Crime: Security Threats, U.S. Policy, and Considerations for Congress written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The involvement of insurgent and extremist groups in criminal activity is an issue that has been a concern of U.S. administrations for decades. In recent years, some observers have claimed that interactions between international terrorists and criminals are increasing. If true, expanded links between criminal and terrorist networks could increase U.S. vulnerability to attack by terrorist groups with enhanced criminal capabilities and financial resources. An expanded range of combined criminal and terrorist activity could also affect the global economy and U.S. foreign policy goals, undermining licit international commerce and the promotion of good governance and rule of law. Threats posed by a crime-terrorism nexus may be particularly challenging, as the scale and nature of their cooperation are believed to vary widely and limited anecdotal evidence largely serves as the basis for current understanding of the problem. U.S. efforts to combat the relationship between crime and terrorism are a subset of broader policy responses to transnational crime and international terrorism individually. While numerous U.S. strategies and programs are designed to combat international terrorism and transnational crime separately, fewer efforts focus specifically on addressing the confluence of the two. Those efforts that do exist focus mainly on (1) human smuggling and clandestine terrorist travel, (2) money laundering and terrorist financing, and (3) narcoterrorism links between drug traffickers and terrorists. Many of these efforts, including the creation of the Human Smuggling and Trafficking Center, the reorganization of the Treasury Departments Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence, and the expanded extraterritorial jurisdiction authority to investigate and prosecute international narcoterrorism cases, occurred in response to the attacks of September 11, 2001. Congress played a large role in such efforts, holding at least eight hearings specifically on some aspect of c.

The Terrorist-Criminal Nexus

Author : Jennifer L. Hesterman
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1040083900
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Terrorist-Criminal Nexus by : Jennifer L. Hesterman

Download or read book The Terrorist-Criminal Nexus written by Jennifer L. Hesterman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Postmodern global terrorist groups engage sovereign nations asymmetrically with prolonged, sustained campaigns driven by ideology. Increasingly, transnational criminal organizations operate with sophistication previously only found in multinational corporations. Unfortunately, both of these entities can now effectively hide and morph, keeping law e

Transnational Crime and the Criminal-Terrorist Nexus - Synergies and Corporate Trends

Author : Col Jennifer L Hesterman
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781478380962
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Transnational Crime and the Criminal-Terrorist Nexus - Synergies and Corporate Trends by : Col Jennifer L Hesterman

Download or read book Transnational Crime and the Criminal-Terrorist Nexus - Synergies and Corporate Trends written by Col Jennifer L Hesterman and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-08-01 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the convergence of organized crime, drug trafficking, and terrorism requires the new paradigm of strategic thinking ushered in by the war on terrorism. Such an effort cannot be seen through a diplomatic, military, law enforcement, financial, or intelligence lens alone. Rather, it demands a prism of all of these to offer a comprehensive and coordinated approach. Colonel Hesterman's analysis of this subject is accurate and timely. She provides a fresh look at the criminal/terrorist nexus and by examining corporate trends, provides unique insights into funding aspects of both activities. This important subject matter is ripe for further policy and substantive analytical focus. Analysts and policy makers alike can use her study's conclusions and recommendations in their efforts to protect our nation against this vexing threat.

Terrorism and Transnational Organized Crime

Author : Claudia Müller
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656419973
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (564 download)

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Book Synopsis Terrorism and Transnational Organized Crime by : Claudia Müller

Download or read book Terrorism and Transnational Organized Crime written by Claudia Müller and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict, Security, grade: 1,0, Humboldt-University of Berlin, language: English, abstract: “We will direct every resource at our command to win the war against terrorists, every means of diplomacy, every tool of intelligence, every instrument of law enforcement, every financial influence. We will starve the terrorists of funding, turn them against each other, rout them out of their safe hiding places, and bring them to justice” (Cited in Biersteker and Eckert 2008: 1). President George W. Bush, September 24, 2001 In the immediate aftermath of the attacks in the United States on 11 September 2001 President W. Bush declared America’s “War on Terrorism” in which he assured to defeat terrorist movements and their methods of funding that could be used to support the acts of global terrorist (Biersteker and Eckert 2008; 1). The examination of broader terrorism studies literature shows “financial and material resources are correctly perceived as the lifeblood of terrorist operations, and governments have determined that fighting the financial infrastructure of terrorist organizations is the key to their defeat” (Grialdo and Trinkunas 2007; 1). Since the attacks of 9/11 the US has designed a strong strategy to fight terrorist groups and their financing. International and national measures have been carried out such as the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, the enforcement of international sanctions, and the expansion of law enforcement to target terrorism financing and disrupt terrorist operation (Sheppard 2002). However, the spectrum of terrorist funding is broad. In particular, the increasing reliance on criminal activities by terrorist since the end of the Cold War and the subsequent decline of state sponsorship, such as the rising pressure of law enforcement, network structures became an essential source to safeguard the existence of many terrorist and criminal groups. The development of the so- called “crime- terror” nexus, in which two traditionally autonomous groups started to expose various operational and structural parallels, implicated a key income source for terrorists and has brought sheer difficulty to develop successful strategies to freeze the terrorist monetary trail. In the following, this essay examines the involvement of terrorist groups in criminal activities as a source of funding and whether or not it is a sustainable and profitable source for terrorist funding. Moreover, we try to evaluate to what extent the so- called “terror-crime nexus” poses a threat to global security.

International Terrorism and Transnational Crime

Author : John Rollins
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437927564
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis International Terrorism and Transnational Crime by : John Rollins

Download or read book International Terrorism and Transnational Crime written by John Rollins and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) Intro.; (2) Crime-Terrorism Partnerships and Transformations; (3) The Crime-Terrorism Toolbox; (4) Interaction of Terrorism and Crime: Dawood Ibrahim¿s D-Co.; Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia; 2004 Madrid Bombers; The Taliban; Abu Ghadiyah, Monzer Al Kassar and Viktor Bout; Hezbollah; Al Qaeda; 2005 London Bombings; Al-Shabaab; Mexico¿s La Familia, Colombia¿s Medellin, Italy¿s Mafia, and Brazil¿s Prison Gangs; (5) Selected U.S. Gov¿t. Actions Addressing the Confluence of International Terrorism and Transnat. Organized Crime; State Dept.; Treasury Dept.; Fin¿l. Crimes Enforce. Network; DoD; DoJ: IOC-2; DEA; FBI; DHS; Intell. Comm¿y.; (6) Counterterrorism: What Role for Anti-Crime?

Organized Criminal Terrorism

Author : Inmaculada Rocha
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004424571
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Organized Criminal Terrorism by : Inmaculada Rocha

Download or read book Organized Criminal Terrorism written by Inmaculada Rocha and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2024-09-23 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book contributors engage into the theoretical dialogue about the interplay between terrorism and organized crime. Arguing in favor of its existence, the authors of the book seek to define the phenomenon of ‘organized criminal terrorism’ and examine the appropriateness of the international and regional legal frameworks on terrorism and organized crime to address this unitary criminal phenomenon. The volume reveals similarities and differences between terrorism and organized crime that support views in favor of new international legal instruments and those that defend the current approach to combat organized criminal terrorism. Contributors hope that the book will form the basis for a more informed discussion on the issue.

Transnational Organized Crime, Terrorism, and Criminalized States in Latin America

Author : Douglas Farah
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Transnational Organized Crime, Terrorism, and Criminalized States in Latin America by : Douglas Farah

Download or read book Transnational Organized Crime, Terrorism, and Criminalized States in Latin America written by Douglas Farah and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of new hybrid (state and nonstate) transnational criminal/terrorist franchises in Latin America operating under broad state protection now pose a tier-one security threat for the United States. Similar hybrid franchise models are developing in other parts of the world, making understanding the new dynamics an important factor in a broader national security context. This threat goes well beyond the traditional nonstate theory of constraints activity such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking into the potential for trafficking related to weapons of mass destruction by designated terrorist organizations and their sponsors. These activities are carried out with the support of regional and extra regional states actors whose leadership is deeply enmeshed in criminal activity, which yields billions of dollars in illicit revenues every year. These same leaders have a publicly articulated, common doctrine of asymmetrical warfare against the United States and its allies that explicitly endorses as legitimate the use of weapons of mass destruction. The central binding element in this alliance is a hatred for the West, particularly the United States, and deep anti-Semitism, based on a shared view that the 1979 Iranian Revolution was a transformative historical event. For Islamists, it is evidence of divine favor; and for Bolivarians, a model of a successful asymmetrical strategy to defeat the "Empire." The primary architect of this theology/ideology that merges radical Islam and radical, anti-Western populism and revolutionary zeal is the convicted terrorist Ilich Sánchez Ramirez, better known as "Carlos the Jackal," whom Chávez has called a true visionary.

Understanding the Links Between Organized Crime and Terrorism in Military Operations

Author : Ingrid A. Parker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding the Links Between Organized Crime and Terrorism in Military Operations by : Ingrid A. Parker

Download or read book Understanding the Links Between Organized Crime and Terrorism in Military Operations written by Ingrid A. Parker and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organized crime is becoming a large-scale business that is conducting global commerce for the trafficking of illegal services and products as well as developing the associated supply chains. Criminal organizations are conducting commerce across traditional nation-state boundaries allowing criminal groups to work in coordination with other like groups; this coordination is called transnational crime. The United Nations (UN), aware of this activity, has stated that “the traditional hierarchical forms of organized crime groups have diminished; replaced with loose networks who work together to exploit new” markets of opportunity (UNODC 2006d, paragraph 2). These loose networks have many resources available to affiliates that include financial services, global transportation, and the weapons industry. Criminals, organized crime, and terrorist networks have access to these valuable resources via this affiliation. Currently: 1. Illegal drugs make up 8 percent of the world trade or $322 billion (Drug Policy Alliance 2004, paragraph 4) 2. Global prostitution industry is estimated to be $52 billion (Hughes 2000, paragraph 16) 3. Worldwide money laundering activity is at roughly $1 trillion a year (Ashcroft 2001, paragraph 4) 4. Weapons smuggling is a multi-billon dollar industry (UNODC 2006d, paragraph 3) Organized crime, consequently, may be used as a tool of war.

Criminals and Terrorists in Partnership

Author : Helena Carrapico
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317389816
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Criminals and Terrorists in Partnership by : Helena Carrapico

Download or read book Criminals and Terrorists in Partnership written by Helena Carrapico and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nexus between terrorism and organised crime consists of a strategic alliance between two non-state actors who are able to exploit illegal markets, threaten the security of individuals, and influence policy-making on a global level. Recent Europol reports have pointed towards the importance of studying the links between organised crime and terrorist groups, and have underlined that the nature and extent of these connections have seldom been addressed from an academic perspective. Considering the danger that both organised crime and terrorism currently pose to the world, the collusion between these two phenomena is of urgent contemporary interest. Basing itself on geographical case-studies, this book contributes to the existing literature in three ways: by enriching the empirical knowledge on the nature of the crime-terror nexus and its evolution; by exploring the impact of the nexus within different economic, political and societal contexts; and by expanding on its theoretical conceptualization. This book was originally published as a special issue of Global Crime.

Crime and Terrorism

Author : Peter Grabosky
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1446247694
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis Crime and Terrorism by : Peter Grabosky

Download or read book Crime and Terrorism written by Peter Grabosky and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2010-09-21 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terrorism and crime are two areas of knowledge that have traditionally been looked at independently. In this timely and original text, two of the leading authors in the field provide a clear and thorough look at terrorism from a criminological perspective. Integrating the latest research, the book explores the motives of criminals and terrorists, the causes of crime and terrorism and the impact of the law and the legal system. Central to this exploration, the authors examine the nexus between criminal and terrorist organizations, and the commonalities and differences between them and what this means for public policy and safety and security within states. Cross-cultural and international in perspective, this is a fresh and original text that will appeal to undergraduates, academics, and researchers in criminology, politics, international relations, sociology, communication and cultural studies. Compact Criminology is an exciting series that invigorates and challenges the international field of criminology. Books in the series are short, authoritative, innovative assessments of emerging issues in criminology and criminal justice – offering critical, accessible introductions to important topics. They take a global rather than a narrowly national approach. Eminently readable and first-rate in quality, each book is written by a leading specialist. Compact Criminology provides a new type of tool for teaching, learning and research, one that is flexible and light on its feet. The series addresses fundamental needs in the growing and increasingly differentiated field of criminology.

Crimes Committed by Terrorist Groups

Author : Mark S. Hamm
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437929591
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Crimes Committed by Terrorist Groups by : Mark S. Hamm

Download or read book Crimes Committed by Terrorist Groups written by Mark S. Hamm and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Examines terrorists¿ involvement in a variety of crimes ranging from motor vehicle violations, immigration fraud, and mfg. illegal firearms to counterfeiting, armed bank robbery, and smuggling weapons of mass destruction. There are 3 parts: (1) Compares the criminality of internat. jihad groups with domestic right-wing groups. (2) Six case studies of crimes includes trial transcripts, official reports, previous scholarship, and interviews with law enforce. officials and former terrorists are used to explore skills that made crimes possible; or events and lack of skill that the prevented crimes. Includes brief bio. of the terrorists along with descriptions of their org., strategies, and plots. (3) Analysis of the themes in closing arguments of the transcripts in Part 2. Illus.

Terrorism and Violence in Southeast Asia

Author : Paul J. Smith
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317458869
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Terrorism and Violence in Southeast Asia by : Paul J. Smith

Download or read book Terrorism and Violence in Southeast Asia written by Paul J. Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-03-26 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely work examines the scale and root causes of terrorism across Southeast Asia, including the role of al-Qaeda's ascendancy in the region. It begins with an overview of the analytical and theoretical framework for discussing the subject. Individual chapters then examine terrorist activities from both functional and country-specific perspectives. The book traces fundamental linkages between terrorism and security issues, such as illegal immigration, narcotics trafficking, and other criminal activity. In addition, it considers the issue of convergence - the growing connection between criminal groups and terrorism, and how this may facilitate future violence. Written by a range of experts in the field, the individual chapters reflect a variety of perspectives. The contributions fall into two broad categories - chapters that directly address terrorism (the groups, their ideologies, their modus operandi, their origins, and state responses to them); and chapters that address the "enabling environment" that exists in Southeast Asia (the role of transnational crime, porous borders, convergence between terrorism and crime).

Histories of Transnational Crime

Author : Gerben Bruinsma
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493924710
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Histories of Transnational Crime by : Gerben Bruinsma

Download or read book Histories of Transnational Crime written by Gerben Bruinsma and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-13 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Histories of Transnational Crime provides a broad, historical framework for understanding the developments in research of transnational crime over the centuries. This volume provides examples of transnational crime, and places them in a broad historical context, which has so far been missing from this field of study. The contributions to this comprehensive volume explore the causes and historical precursors of six main types of transnational crime: -piracy -human smuggling -arms trafficking -drug trafficking -art and antique trafficking -corporate crime. The historical contributions demonstrate that transnational crime is not a novel phenomenon of recent globalization and that, beyond organized crime groups, powerful individuals, governments and business corporations have been heavily involved. Through a systematic historical and contextual analysis of these types of transnational crime, the contributions to this volume provide a fundamental understanding of why and how various forms of transnational crime are still present in the contemporary world. In the past two decades, the study of transnational crime has developed from a subset of the study of organized crime to its own recognized field of study, covering distinct societal threats and requiring a particular approach.

Transnational Organized Crime in Central America and the Caribbean

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Transnational Organized Crime in Central America and the Caribbean by :

Download or read book Transnational Organized Crime in Central America and the Caribbean written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is one of several studies conducted by UNODC on organized crime threats around the world. These studies describe what is known about the mechanics of contraband trafficking - the what, who, how, and how much of illicit flows - and discuss their potential impact on governance and development. Their primary role is diagnostic, but they also explore the implications of these findings for policy. Publisher's note.

Dirty Entanglements

Author : Louise I. Shelley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107015642
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Dirty Entanglements by : Louise I. Shelley

Download or read book Dirty Entanglements written by Louise I. Shelley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-28 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using lively case studies, this book analyzes the transformation of crime and terrorism and the business logic of terrorism.

Crime-Terror Alliances and the State

Author : Lyubov Grigorova Mincheva
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135132100
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Crime-Terror Alliances and the State by : Lyubov Grigorova Mincheva

Download or read book Crime-Terror Alliances and the State written by Lyubov Grigorova Mincheva and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-03 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the trans-border connections between militant and criminal networks and the relationship between these and the states in which they operate. "Unholy alliances" is a term used to describe hybrid trans-border militant and criminal networks that pose serious threats to security in Europe and elsewhere. Identity networks provide the basis for militant organizations using violent strategies – insurgency and terrorism – for political objectives. To gain funds and weapons militant networks may establish criminal enterprises, or align with existing trans-border criminal and financial networks. This book extends the concept of unholy alliances to include the trans-state criminal syndicates that arise in failed and dysfunctional states, exemplified by Serbia and Bulgaria during their post-Communist transitions. To deal with this complex and unconventional subject, the authors develop a theoretical framework that looks at four kinds of factors conditioning the interaction between the political and the criminal: trans-state identity networks, armed conflict, the balance of market opportunities and constraints, and the role of unstable and corrupt states. The volume also examines actors at two levels of analysis: the structure and activities of militant (and/or criminal) networks, and the policies of state actors that shape and reshape the interaction of opportunities and constraints. This book will be of much interest to students of terrorism, insurgency, transnational crime, war and conflict studies, and IR in general.