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Author : Dean R. Leimer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Lifetime Redistribution Under the Social Security Program written by Dean R. Leimer and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jeffrey B. Liebman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Redistribution in the Current U.S. Social Security System written by Jeffrey B. Liebman and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because its benefit formula replaces a greater fraction of the lifetime earnings of lower earners than of higher earnings, Social Security is generally thought to be progressive, providing However, much of the intra-cohort redistribution in the U.S. Social Security system is related to factors other than lifetime income. Social Security transfers income from people with low life expectancies to people with high life expectancies, from single workers and from married couples with substantial earnings by the secondary earner to married one-earner couples, and from people who work for more than 35 years to those who concentrate their earnings in 35 or fewer years. This paper studies the redistribution accomplished in the retirement portion of the current U.S. Social Security system using a microsimulation model built around a match of the 1990 and 1991 Surveys of Income and Program Participation to Social Security administrative earnings and benefit records. The model simulates the distribution of internal rates of returns, net transfers, and lifetime net tax rates from Social Security that would have been received by members of the 1925 to 1929 birth cohorts if they had lived under current Social Security rules for their entire lives. The paper finds that annual income-related transfers from Social Security are only 5 to 9 percent of Social Security benefits paid, or $19 to $34 billion, at 2001 aggregate benefits levels, when taxes and benefits are discounted at the cohort rate of return of 1.29 percent. At higher discount rates, Social Security appears to be more redistributive by some measures, and less redistributive by others. Because much of the redistribution that occurs through Social Security is not related to income, the range of transfers received at a given level of lifetime income is quite wide. For example, 19 percent of individuals in the top lifetime income quintile receive net transfers that are greater than the average transfer for people in the lowest lifetime income quintile.
Author : Martin Feldstein
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226241890
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)
Download or read book The Distributional Aspects of Social Security and Social Security Reform written by Martin Feldstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social security is the largest and perhaps the most popular program run by the federal government. Given the projected increase in both individual life expectancy and sheer number of retirees, however, the current system faces an eventual overload. Alternative proposals have emerged, ranging from reductions in future benefits to a rise in taxrevenue to various forms of investment-based personal retirement accounts. As this volume suggests, the distributional consequences of these proposals are substantially different and may disproportionately affect those groups who depend on social security to avoid poverty in old age. Together, these studies persuasively show that appropriately designed investment-based social security reforms can effectively reduce the long-term burden of an aging society on future taxpayers, increase the expected future income of retirees, and mitigate poverty rates among the elderly.
Author : Dean R. Leimer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Historical Redistribution Under the Social Security Old-age and Survivors Insurance Program written by Dean R. Leimer and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dean R. Leimer
Publisher : BiblioGov
ISBN 13 : 9781289016401
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (164 download)
Download or read book Lifetime Redistribution Under the Social Security Program, a Literature Synopsis written by Dean R. Leimer and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a brief overview of the more important studies of lifetime redistribution under the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) and Disability Insurance (DI) programs. Studies are categorized into two types: those that focus on redistribution across successive cohorts of workers or typical members of those cohorts, and those that focus on the distribution of results across characteristics of interest within particular cohorts of workers. A list of related studies is provided at the end for those interested in additional reading.
Author : Martin Feldstein
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226241823
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)
Download or read book Privatizing Social Security written by Martin Feldstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents the most important work to date on one of the pressing policy issues of the moment: the privatization of social security. Although social security is facing enormous fiscal pressure in the face of an aging population, there has been relatively little published on the fundamentals of essential reform through privatization. Privatizing Social Security fills this void by studying the methods and problems involved in shifting from the current system to one based on mandatory saving in individual accounts. "Timely and important. . . . [Privatizing Social Security] presents a forceful case for a radical shift from the existing unfunded, pay-as-you-go single national program to a mandatory funded program with individual savings accounts. . . . An extensive analysis of how a privatized plan would work in the United States is supplemented with the experiences of five other countries that have privatized plans." —Library Journal "[A] high-powered collection of essays by top experts in the field."—Timothy Taylor, Public Interest
Author : Dean R. Leimer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Historical Redistribution Under the Social Security Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Programs written by Dean R. Leimer and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This study is the third in a series of studies that use comprehensive Social Security administrative data on past earnings and benefits by year, age, gender, and race to analyze historical redistribution across those characteristics under the Social Security program"--Summary.
Author : Dean R. Leimer
Publisher : BiblioGov
ISBN 13 : 9781289013530
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Historical Redistribution Under the Social Security Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Programs written by Dean R. Leimer and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is the third in a series of studies that use comprehensive Social Security administrative data on past earnings and benefits by year, age, gender, and race to analyze historical redistribution across those characteristics under the Social Security program. It examines historical lifetime redistribution to date across and within cohorts born through 1927, combining and extending the results of the previous two studies, for which less historical data were available. Redistributional estimates incorporating the additional data confirm the results of the earlier studies relative lifetime redistributional outcomes to data under the DI program have generally been much more favorable for "Other Races" than for "Whites;" have generally been more favorable for females than for males in most, but not all, of the cohorts considered; and accumulated benefits have generally exceeded accumulated taxes by substantial margins for all but the earliest birth cohort groups. In contrast to outcomes under the OASI program, accumulated net transfers to date for very early birth cohorts have generally been negative under the DI program taken by itself, although the size of these negative net transfers is relatively small.
Author : Nancy Wolff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Income Redistribution and the Social Security Program written by Nancy Wolff and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030931710X
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-17 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. population is aging. Social Security projections suggest that between 2013 and 2050, the population aged 65 and over will almost double, from 45 million to 86 million. One key driver of population aging is ongoing increases in life expectancy. Average U.S. life expectancy was 67 years for males and 73 years for females five decades ago; the averages are now 76 and 81, respectively. It has long been the case that better-educated, higher-income people enjoy longer life expectancies than less-educated, lower-income people. The causes include early life conditions, behavioral factors (such as nutrition, exercise, and smoking behaviors), stress, and access to health care services, all of which can vary across education and income. Our major entitlement programs - Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and Supplemental Security Income - have come to deliver disproportionately larger lifetime benefits to higher-income people because, on average, they are increasingly collecting those benefits over more years than others. This report studies the impact the growing gap in life expectancy has on the present value of lifetime benefits that people with higher or lower earnings will receive from major entitlement programs. The analysis presented in The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income goes beyond an examination of the existing literature by providing the first comprehensive estimates of how lifetime benefits are affected by the changing distribution of life expectancy. The report also explores, from a lifetime benefit perspective, how the growing gap in longevity affects traditional policy analyses of reforms to the nation's leading entitlement programs. This in-depth analysis of the economic impacts of the longevity gap will inform debate and assist decision makers, economists, and researchers.
Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428938117
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)
Download or read book Social security reform proposals could have a variety of effects on distribution of benefits and payroll taxes : testimony before the Special Committee on Aging, U.S. Senate written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jonathan Gruber
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780716786559
Total Pages : 806 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (865 download)
Download or read book Public Finance and Public Policy written by Jonathan Gruber and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2005 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapters include: "Income distribution and welfare programs", "State and local government expenditures" and "Health economics and private health insurance".
Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 078814555X
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (881 download)
Download or read book Understanding SSI (Supplemental Security Income) written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-03 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication informs advocates & others in interested agencies & organizations about supplemental security income (SSI) eligibility requirements & processes. It will assist you in helping people apply for, establish eligibility for, & continue to receive SSI benefits for as long as they remain eligible. This publication can also be used as a training manual & as a reference tool. Discusses those who are blind or disabled, living arrangements, overpayments, the appeals process, application process, eligibility requirements, SSI resources, documents you will need when you apply, work incentives, & much more.
Author : Alan L. Gustman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (247 download)
Download or read book How Effective is Redistribution Under the Social Security Benefit Formula? written by Alan L. Gustman and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses earnings histories obtained from the Social Security Administration and linked to the survey responses for participants in the Health and Retirement Study to investigate redistribution under the current social security benefit formula. We find that as advertised, at the level of the individual respondent, the benefit formula is progressive. When individuals are arrayed by indexed lifetime earnings, own benefits are significantly redistributed from those with high lifetime earnings to those with low lifetime earnings. However, much of this apparent redistribution is from men to women, and when examined at the level of the family, from primary to secondary earners. When families are arrayed according the total lifetime earnings, and spouse and survivor benefits are taken into account, the extent of redistribution from families with high lifetime earnings to families with low lifetime earnings is roughly halved. Much of the remaining redistribution is from families where both spouses spend much of their potential work lives in the labor market, to families where a spouse, often with high earnings potential, chooses to spend a significant number of years outside of the labor force. When families are arrayed by their earnings potential, that is earnings during years when both spouses are engaged in substantial work, there is very little redistribution from families with high to low earnings capacity. Accordingly, at least for families on the verge of retirement today, introducing a simple system of privatized or other individual accounts, i.e., a system that ignored issues of redistribution, would have no major effect on the distribution of social security benefits net of taxes among families with different earnings capacities. Moreover, although privatized or other individual accounts would reduce redistribution from two earner to one earner families, the extent of that redistribution is greatly exaggerated when one compares benefits among individuals arrayed according to lifetime
Author : United States. Internal Revenue Service
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)
Download or read book Individual retirement arrangements (IRAs) written by United States. Internal Revenue Service and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Julia Lynn Coronado
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Progressivity of Social Security written by Julia Lynn Coronado and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How much does the current social security system really redistribute from rich to poor? We use the PSID to estimate lifetime wage profiles and actual earnings each year for a sample of 1778 individuals, and we use mortality probabilities to calculate expected payroll taxes and social security benefits. For a given set of facts' about the net flows received by each individual, measured progressivity depends on many assumptions. This paper attempts to capture and to quantify all of the individual characteristics that are relevant to determine the progressivity of a life-cycle program like social security. We proceed in seven steps. First, we classify individuals by annual income and use Gini coefficients to find that social security is highly progressive. Second, we reclassify individuals on the basis of lifetime income and find that social security is less progressive. Third, we remove the cap on measured earnings and find that social security is even less progressive. Fourth, we switch from actual to potential lifetime earnings (the present value of the wage rate times 4000 hours each year). This measure captures the value of leisure and home production, so those out of the labor force are less poor, and net payments to them are less progressive. Fifth, we assign to each married individual half of the couple's income. The low-wage spouse is then not so poor less progressive. Sixth, we incorporate mortality probabilities that differ by potential lifetime income. Since the rich live longer and collect benefits longer, social security is no longer progressive. Finally, we increase the discount rate from 2% to 4%, which puts relatively more weight on the earlier-but-regressive payroll tax and less weight on the later-but-progressive benefit schedule. The whole social security system is then regressive.
Author : C. Eugene Steuerle
Publisher : The Urban Insitute
ISBN 13 : 9780877666028
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (66 download)
Download or read book Retooling Social Security for the 21st Century written by C. Eugene Steuerle and published by The Urban Insitute. This book was released on 1994 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study of the Social Security debate arguing that Social Security needs reform and offering a blueprint for implementing them to meet today's and tomorrow's needs.
