Liberia Country Program Evaluation 2004-2011

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821398008
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Liberia Country Program Evaluation 2004-2011 by : World Bank

Download or read book Liberia Country Program Evaluation 2004-2011 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report evaluates the outcomes of World Bank Group support to Liberia from post-civil war reengagement in 2004 through 2011. Liberia has moved from total disarray to a solid foundation for inclusive development. Much has been achieved, and the transition from support for emergency reconstruction to sustainable development. Is proceeding.

Negotiating Norms

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031459105
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis Negotiating Norms by : Ricarda Rösch

Download or read book Negotiating Norms written by Ricarda Rösch and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-12 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book explores the right to free, prior and informed consent (FPIC) – a highly controversial right. It is mainly discussed in the context of large-scale business projects on Indigenous territories but also with respect to the creation of protected areas and communities’ traditional resource rights. From a legal anthropological perspective, it attempts to disentangle the various coexisting understandings of FPIC and provide an explanation for the multiplicity of FPIC norms or – to put it in other words – its fragmentation. It examines the right- or stakeholders of FPIC, the scope of the consent requirement, the respect for self-determined decision-making, and the right to FPIC of women in different sociolegal fields. Moreover, it explores the impact of power relations, strategic alliances, and discourses within these fields and shows that the emerging FPIC norms are the result of norm negotiation processes. The fields that are examined include transnational law – more specifically, human rights, environmental, and development law -, the Liberian post-conflict forest and land legislation, and Liberian community forests as fields in which FPIC is operationalized. Liberia is quite unique in this respect. It is not only one of the few countries in Africa recognizing FPIC but has also begun implementing it. The book shows that based on the logic of a sociolegal field, legal identities are discursively created and determine the meaning of FPIC. Moreover, different actors can resort to different legalities shaping the emerging FPIC norm.

Conflict-Sensitive Conservation

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000964299
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Conflict-Sensitive Conservation by : Carl Bruch

Download or read book Conflict-Sensitive Conservation written by Carl Bruch and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-08-10 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an empirically formulated foundation for conflict-sensitive conservation, a field in which the existing literature relies primarily on anecdotal evidence. Seeking to better understand the impact of conflict on the implementation and outcomes of environmental projects, the Global Environment Facility (GEF) Independent Evaluation Office and the Environmental Law Institute undertook an evaluation of GEF support to fragile and conflict-affected contexts. Following a qualitative and quantitative analysis of documents from more than 4,000 projects, the research team discovered a statistically significant negative correlation between a country’s Fragile States Index score and the implementation quality of environmental projects in that country. In this book, the evaluation and research team explain these groundbreaking findings in detail, highlighting seven key case studies: Afghanistan, Albertine Rift, Balkans, Cambodia, Colombia, Lebanon, and Mali. Drawing upon additional research and interviews with GEF project implementation staff, the volume illustrates the pathways through which conflict and fragility frequently impact environmental projects. It also examines how practitioners and sponsoring institutions can plan and implement their projects to avoid or mitigate these issues and find opportunities to promote peacebuilding through their environmental interventions. Examining data from 164 countries and territories, this innovative book will be of great interest to students and scholars of environmental management, conservation, international development, and the fast-growing field of environmental peacebuilding. It will also be a great resource for practitioners working in these important fields. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Transformational Change for People and the Planet

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030788539
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Transformational Change for People and the Planet by : Juha I. Uitto

Download or read book Transformational Change for People and the Planet written by Juha I. Uitto and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-13 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book deals with the pressing question of how to achieve transformational change that reconciles development with environmental sustainability. It particularly focuses on the role of evaluation in finding sustainable solutions. Environment and development are closely interlinked, as are human health and ecosystem health. The pandemic that began in 2020 demonstrated in no uncertain terms how destruction of habitats has allowed hitherto unknown pathogens spill over to humans wreaking havoc on people’s lives and livelihoods. We are already seeing the impacts of global climate change in terms of heatwaves, forest fires and increased storms. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) explicitly recognize the equal importance of the social, economic and environmental dimensions of development. In these turbulent times, when humankind faces multiple complex challenges it is essential to know that our responses are effective and that they make a positive difference. Evaluation can provide invaluable lessons to how we design policies, strategies and programs and how we allocate limited resources between competing priorities. This book brings together key thinkers and practitioners from the public and private sectors, from major multilateral organizations and from bilateral donor agencies, to present the latest knowledge and experience on how to evaluate interventions in the nexus of environment and development. The book does not promote any particular approach or methodology, but rather emphasizes the need for mixed methods to address the question at hand in the best and most suitable manner. It covers cases from a variety of fields, from climate change mitigation and adaptation, energy efficiency and renewable energy, natural resources management, biodiversity conservation and more. This book is not a conference proceedings although it has its roots in the Third International Conference on Evaluating Environment and Development organized by the GEF Independent Evaluation Office in October 2019. The conference brought together a larger number of established and upcoming evaluators, researchers and evaluation users from the Global North and South, representing a wide variety of organizations, to discuss the frontiers of environment and development evaluation. Following the conference, the editors identified and contacted the participants who made key contributions at the conference and asked them to develop their ideas and papers into book chapters according to a coherent plan.

World Bank Group Assistance to Low-Income Fragile and Conflict-Affected States

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 146480219X
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis World Bank Group Assistance to Low-Income Fragile and Conflict-Affected States by : The World Bank

Download or read book World Bank Group Assistance to Low-Income Fragile and Conflict-Affected States written by The World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-05-13 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fragile and conflict-affected states (FCS) have become an important focus of World Bank Group assistance in recent years as recognition of the linkages between fragility, conflict, violence, and poverty has grown. Addressing issues of recurring conflict and political violence and helping build legitimate and accountable state institutions are central to the Bank Group's poverty reduction mission. This evaluation assesses the relevance and effectiveness of World Bank Group country strategies and assistance programs to FCS. The operationalization of the World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security, and Development (2011 WDR) is also assessed, to see how the framework has been reflected in subsequent analytical work, country assistance strategies, and the assistance programs. The evaluation framework was derived from the concepts and priorities articulated in recent WDRs, policy papers, and progress reports issued by Bank Group management, to draw lessons from FCS. The framework is organized around the three major themes emerging from the 2011 WDR: building state capacity, building capacity of citizens, and promoting inclusive growth and jobs. The evaluation focuses on International Development Association (IDA)-only countries, which are deemed to have certain characteristics such as very low average income and no access to private finance, making them eligible for special finance tools and programs. As the benchmark for measuring results, Bank Group performance is evaluated in 33 fragile and conflict-affected states against that of 31 IDA-only countries that have never been on the FCS list. Six new country case studies; analyses of Bank Group portfolios; human resources and budget data; secondary analysis of IEG evaluations; background studies including those on aid flows, gender, private sector development, and jobs; and surveys of Bank Group staffs and stakeholders are also included in the evaluation.

Evaluation of UNDP Contribution to Strengthening Electoral Systems and Processes

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Author :
Publisher : UN
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of UNDP Contribution to Strengthening Electoral Systems and Processes by : United Nations Development Programme. Evaluation Office

Download or read book Evaluation of UNDP Contribution to Strengthening Electoral Systems and Processes written by United Nations Development Programme. Evaluation Office and published by UN. This book was released on 2012 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This evaluation examines UNDP role and contribution to the attainment of electoral results. It seeks to determine the quality and added value of UNDP performance in strengthening electoral systems and processes. It also assesses how well UNDP positioned itself to address growing and changing demands for electoral support, and to address the challenges and opportunities to enhance the goals of democratic governance via strengthening electoral processes. The evaluation covers UNDP work on electoral assistance between 1990 and 2011 with a main focus on the past ten years when UNDP provided electoral assistance in 83 countries with a budget of approximately USD 2.9 billion. It concludes with a set of policy-relevant and forward-looking recommendations. The evaluation will support UNDP's future work by contributing to an understanding of how UNDP can provide assistance in a more effective and sustainable manner.

Nutrition Planning

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutrition Planning by :

Download or read book Nutrition Planning written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Liberia

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1475510640
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (755 download)

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Book Synopsis Liberia by : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.

Download or read book Liberia written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-09-18 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the request of the Government of Liberia (GoL), the IMF Fiscal Affairs Department (FAD) led an external assessment of the central government’s public financial management (PFM) systems based on the Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) methodology. The assessment was undertaken in close collaboration with the Ministry of Finance’s (MoF) PFM Reform Coordination Unit (RCU), with the participation of staff of the African Development Bank and the World Bank, and with financial support from the European Union and Sida. The assessment examines progress since the PEFA assessment of 2007 and provides a renewed baseline for monitoring progress in PFM reform and for supporting the GoL in refining, where necessary, the current PFM reform strategy. The assessment snapshot date was April 23, 2012. The report was reviewed by the GoL, the PEFA Secretariat, a donor reference group, and FAD, the latter being at the same time responsible for quality assurance.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Bulletin of the World Health Organization by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Bulletin of the World Health Organization written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Liberia

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451822987
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Liberia by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Liberia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-07-07 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses implementation of the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) in Liberia. Liberia’s PRS articulates the government’s overall vision and major strategies for moving toward rapid, inclusive, and sustainable growth and development during the period 2008–11. This paper provides the context for the PRS by describing the conflict and economic collapse, the transition beyond conflict, and the initial progress achieved during the past two years. It stresses that Liberia must create much greater economic and political opportunities for all its citizens and ensure that growth and development are widely shared.

Parliamentary Debates (Hansard).

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). by : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons

Download or read book Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

World Development Report 2011

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Publisher : World Development Report (Hard
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis World Development Report 2011 by : World Bank

Download or read book World Development Report 2011 written by World Bank and published by World Development Report (Hard. This book was released on 2011 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The WDR 2011 draws together lessons from national reformers escaping from repetitive cycles of violence.

Evaluation of UNDP Partnership with Global Funds and Philanthropic Foundations

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Publisher : UN
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of UNDP Partnership with Global Funds and Philanthropic Foundations by :

Download or read book Evaluation of UNDP Partnership with Global Funds and Philanthropic Foundations written by and published by UN. This book was released on 2012 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evaluation recommends that UNDP should engage more consistently with global funds and philanthropic foundations to develop mutual approaches to development challenges. UNDP should place more explicit emphasis on the central importance of mainstreaming a human development perspective and developing national capacity. UNDP needs stronger central coordination of information and knowledge management functions in order to facilitate a more strategic approach, and should develop a partnership strategy for engaging with philanthropic foundations. As UNDP prepares to develop a new Strategic Plan against the background of a development cooperation architecture that is in considerable flux, this may be a key moment for decision-making with respect to UNDP partnership initiatives.

Thematic Evaluation of National Programmes and UNFPA Experience in the Campaign to End Fistula

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Thematic Evaluation of National Programmes and UNFPA Experience in the Campaign to End Fistula by :

Download or read book Thematic Evaluation of National Programmes and UNFPA Experience in the Campaign to End Fistula written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Running Randomized Evaluations

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 140084844X
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Running Randomized Evaluations by : Rachel Glennerster

Download or read book Running Randomized Evaluations written by Rachel Glennerster and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-24 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive yet accessible guide to running randomized impact evaluations of social programs. Drawing on the experience of researchers at the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab, which has run hundreds of such evaluations in dozens of countries throughout the world, it offers practical insights on how to use this powerful technique, especially in resource-poor environments. This step-by-step guide explains why and when randomized evaluations are useful, in what situations they should be used, and how to prioritize different evaluation opportunities. It shows how to design and analyze studies that answer important questions while respecting the constraints of those working on and benefiting from the program being evaluated. The book gives concrete tips on issues such as improving the quality of a study despite tight budget constraints, and demonstrates how the results of randomized impact evaluations can inform policy. With its self-contained modules, this one-of-a-kind guide is easy to navigate. It also includes invaluable references and a checklist of the common pitfalls to avoid. Provides the most up-to-date guide to running randomized evaluations of social programs, especially in developing countries Offers practical tips on how to complete high-quality studies in even the most challenging environments Self-contained modules allow for easy reference and flexible teaching and learning Comprehensive yet nontechnical

Distributional impact of the rice tariffication policy in the Philippines

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Author :
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Distributional impact of the rice tariffication policy in the Philippines by : Balié, Jean

Download or read book Distributional impact of the rice tariffication policy in the Philippines written by Balié, Jean and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In March 2019, the government of the Philippines promulgated a bill called the Rice Tariffication Law (RTL). It has dramatically changed the policy landscape in the rice sector and generated heated debates on how it would affect food security and poverty. This study explores the welfare effects of this reform across different types of households. We rely on the IRRI Global Rice Model to simulate the domestic price effects of the reform (Balié and Valera, 2020) and the Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) to study the welfare impact of these price changes. Our results show that the RTL reduces consumer and producer rice prices, which affects households on the production and the consumption sides. Because a large majority of households are net buyers of rice and the policy reform reduces rice prices, most households benefit from the reform. Overall, the effects of the reform on poverty are beneficial. The poorest quintiles are positively affected, while the richest quintiles are unaffected or slightly worse-off. Spatially, the poorest regions also benefit the most. However, the rice growers who are net sellers are negatively impacted. The government should seek to mitigate the negative effects on non-competitive rice growers. Investments in public goods and services are a promising option to ease the emergence of on-farm and off-farm businesses as more profitable alternatives to rice production.

Annual Review of United Nations Affairs 2009/2010 VOLUME VII

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780199832569
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Annual Review of United Nations Affairs 2009/2010 VOLUME VII by : Joachim Muller

Download or read book Annual Review of United Nations Affairs 2009/2010 VOLUME VII written by Joachim Muller and published by . This book was released on 2011-04-15 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: a. The set generallySince the publication of its first edition in 1950, the Annual Review of United Nations Affairs has stood as the authoritative resource for scholars, students, and practitioners researching the latest developments of that august body. From the insightful introduction, prepared each year by adistinguished expert on UN affairs, to the full-text presentation of reports and resolutions and the helpful subject index, ARUNA provides a practical tour of each year''s U.N. actions and debates. The expert selection of documents by Joachim Muller and Karl Sauvant and the topic-based organizationof those documents make any researcher''s task much easier than the vast searching, sorting, and pruning required by the U.N.''s website. The series'' topic-based organization of the materials and subject index lend invaluable guidance to all researchers.ARUNA presents comprehensive documentation of the work of the UN on an annual basis, starting in September of each year with the beginning of the regular sessions of the General Assembly. Coverage of the UN''s key organs is provided, including the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economicand Social Council (ECOSOC), the International Court of Justice, and the UN Secretariat. In addition, selected reports of intergovernmental bodies and expert groups are included. Solely official UN documentation is used. ARUNA occupies a special place in the publications on the work of the UN, as itallows readers to obtain an overview of the principal developments in its key organs. This makes it an important reference source for policy-makers and academic researchers.b. The 2009-2010 volumesThis year''s edition continues to focus on the world financial crisis and the reaction of the United Nations and the international financial system to that crisis. The Overview to this year''s edition, written by Joachim Muller and Karl Sauvant, examines the changing role of the United Nations andexplores ways in which the management of the financial crisis has impacted that role.The Introduction to this year''s edition also examines the effects of this crisis; this Introduction is drawn from the "Report of the Commission of Experts of the President of the United Nations General Assembly on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System," as well as a slightlyedited version of a Preface to that report written by Professor Joseph E. Stiglitz. The Introduction discusses the findings of the Commission and proposes the creation of a new institution, a Global Economic Coordination Council, which would be supported by an International Panel of Experts with ageographically diverse membership that would represent the interests of emerging and developing countries as well as those of developed countries.Dr. Joseph E. Stiglitz, who served as Chairman of the Commission and wrote the Preface to the Commission''s Report, holds joint professorships at Columbia University''s Economics Department and its Business School. He is also Co-founder and Co-President of the Initiative for Policy Dialogue. From 1997to 2000 he was the World Bank''s Senior Vice President for Development Economics and Chief Economist. From 1995 to 1997 he served as Chairman of the U.S. Council of Economic Advisers and as a member of President Clinton''s cabinet. From 1993 to 1995 he was a member of the Council of Economic Advisers.He was previously a professor of economics at Stanford, Princeton, Yale, and All Souls College. Dr. Stiglitz is also a leading scholar of the economics of the public sector and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2001 in addition to the American Economic Association''s biennial John BatesClark Award in 1979. His recent publications include Freefall: America, Free Markets, and the Sinking of the World Economy (2010), Making Globalization Work (2006), Fair Trade for All (2005), and Globalization and its Discontents (2002).The 2009-2010 volumes of ARUNA therefore also devote considerable attention to the financial crisis as well as other international crises. Among the documents in the 2009-2010 volumes are the complete General Assembly resolutions, as well as the Report and Resolutions of the Security Council and theEconomic and Social Council (ECOSOC). Annual Reports of note include reports of the United Nations Children''s Fund (UNICEF), the UN Development Programme and UN Population Fund, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, the UN Relief and Works Agency forPalestine Refugees in the Near East, and the World Food Programme. Mr. Muller and Dr. Sauvant have also selected progress reports on key peacekeeping, peace-building, and political missions, including those for Afghanistan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Haiti, Iraq, the Middle East, Sudan,and West Africa.c. Volume VII (this volume)This volume contains the following:Chapter 1: General Assembly, Sixty-fourth Session (continued)3. Resolutions Adopted by the General Assembly at Its Sixty-fourth Session (continued) (Resolutions 64/104 through 64/199)d. Guest Authors of previous years'' editionsEach annual edition of ARUNA is introduced by a Guest Author, a distinguished expert on UN affairs, who highlights the outstanding themes of the year in review. Together with an overview provided by the editors, this introduction is intended to facilitate access to the material and, above all, tomake it easer for users of ARUNA to "see the forest for the trees." This year''s ARUNA includes excerpts from the "Report of the Commission of Experts of the President of the United Nations General Assembly on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System" (21 Sept. 2009), and from aslightly edited version of a Preface to that report written by Professor Joseph E. Stiglitz. However, the roster of distinguished experts who have contributed this introduction in the past is also worthy of mention:Jose Antonio Ocampo: ARUNA 2008/2009 editionProfessor Jose Antonio Ocampo is Co-President of the Initiative for Policy Dialogue. He is also Professor in the School of International and Public Affairs and Fellow of the Committee on Global Thought at Columbia University. Professor Ocampo previously held the positions of Under-Secretary-Generalof the United Nations for Economic and Social Affairs, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, and Minister of Finance, Agriculture, and Planning of Colombia. In 2009, he was a member of the Commission of Experts of the President of theUnited Nations General Assembly on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System. Professor Ocampo is also the author of numerous books and articles on macroeconomics policy and theory, economic development, international trade, and economic history. His recent publications includeStability with Growth: Macroeconomics, Liberalization and Development, with Joseph E. Stiglitz, Shari Spiegel, Ricardo Ffrench-Davis and Deepak Nayyar (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006).Jeffrey D. Sachs: ARUNA 2007/2008 editionProfessor Jeffrey D. Sachs is Director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University and Special Advisor to the Secretary-General of the UN on the Millennium Development Goals. Professor Sachs''s introduction to ARUNA 2007/2008 was titled "Towards a New Global Protocol on Climate Change," in which heargued that solving the climate change problem will demand four steps: scientific consensus, public awareness, the development of alternative technologies, and a global framework for action. He dealt, in particular, with the science underpinning the negotiations for a new global protocol on climatechange, as a successor to the Kyoto Protocol. Professor Sachs argued that climate change crises can only be solved through the goals, leadership, and treaty mechanisms of the UN.Edward C. Luck: ARUNA 2006/2007 editionProfessor Edward C. Luck is UN Special Advisor on the Responsibility to Protect and Vice President and Director of Studies at the International Peace Academy. From 1984 to 1994, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the UN Association of the USA (UNA-USA). Professor Luck''sintroduction to ARUNA 2006/2007 covered "The responsible sovereign and the responsibility to protect," in which he addressed the scope and content of what was agreed at the 2005 World Summit, the implications of the responsibility to protect (RtoP) for notions of state sovereignty, and some of theconceptual, architectural, and policy challenges then facing UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon''s commitment to "operationalizing" the responsibility to protect and translating it "from words to deeds."Louise Frechette: ARUNA 2005/2006 editionMs Louise Frechette is Distinguished Fellow at the Centre for International Governance Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario. Until March 2006, she was the first Deputy Secretary-General of the UN; before that, she was Permanent Representative of Canada to the UN. Ms Frechette''s introduction to ARUNA2005/2006 covered "United Nations reform: an unfinished story." As the first Deputy Secretary-General of the UN, Ms Frechette was uniquely positioned to undertake a personal assessment of what has changed and what has not changed in the past decade at the UN and why. She examined if the UN isfunctioning better than it was 15 years ago, why reform is so difficult to achieve and what the future holds for the institutions.Rubens Ricupero: ARUNA 2004/2005 editionMr Rubens Ricupero is Dean of the Fundacno Armando Alvares Penteado (FAAP), Sao Paulo and was formerly Secretary-General of UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and Minister of Finance of Brazil. Mr Ricupero''s introduction to ARUNA 2004/2005 covered "The difficulty of building consensusin an age of extremes" and examined the mysteries of the negotiating process leading to the outcome of the 2005 World Summit. Rather than a "Grand Bargain" of a comprehensive UN reform in the area