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Liberalization And The Behavior Of Output During The Transition From Plan To Market
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Book Synopsis Liberalization and the Behavior of Output During the Transition From Plan to Market by : Mr.Ernesto Hernández-Catá
Download or read book Liberalization and the Behavior of Output During the Transition From Plan to Market written by Mr.Ernesto Hernández-Catá and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-04-01 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper deals with liberalization and the evolution of output during the transition from plan to market. It explains why strong liberalization leads to a comparatively steep fall in output early in the transition, but a relatively strong recovery later on. Because it takes time to restructure the capital stock inherited from the old system, liberalization initially leads to transitional unemployment of capital and the contraction of the old enterprise sector. By making room quickly for the new, more efficient enterprises, however, liberalization also sets the stage for recovery and a much higher level of income in the medium term.
Book Synopsis Capital Account Liberalization by : Peter Blair Henry
Download or read book Capital Account Liberalization written by Peter Blair Henry and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Writings on the macroeconomic impact of capital account liberalization find few, if any, robust effects of liberalization on real variables. In contrast to the prevailing wisdom, I argue that the textbook theory of liberalization holds up quite well to a critical reading of this literature. The lion's share of papers that find no effect of liberalization on real variables tell us nothing about the empirical validity of the theory, because they do not really test it. This paper explains why it is that most studies do not really address the theory they set out to test. It also discusses what is necessary to test the theory and examines papers that have done so. Studies that actually test the theory show that liberalization has significant effects on the cost of capital, investment, and economic growth"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site.
Book Synopsis How Reform Worked in China by : Yingyi Qian
Download or read book How Reform Worked in China written by Yingyi Qian and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-11-24 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A noted Chinese economist examines the mechanisms behind China's economic reforms, arguing that universal principles and specific implementations are equally important. As China has transformed itself from a centrally planned economy to a market economy, economists have tried to understand and interpret the success of Chinese reform. As the Chinese economist Yingyi Qian explains, there are two schools of thought on Chinese reform: the “School of Universal Principles,” which ascribes China's successful reform to the workings of the free market, and the “School of Chinese Characteristics,” which holds that China's reform is successful precisely because it did not follow the economics of the market but instead relied on the government. In this book, Qian offers a third perspective, taking certain elements from each school of thought but emphasizing not why reform worked but how it did. Economics is a science, but economic reform is applied science and engineering. To a practitioner, it is more useful to find a feasible reform path than the theoretically best way. The key to understanding how reform has worked in China, Qian argues, is to consider the way reform designs respond to initial historical conditions and contemporary constraints. Qian examines the role of “transitional institutions”—not “best practice institutions” but “incentive-compatible institutions”—in Chinese reform; the dual-track approach to market liberalization; the ownership of firms, viewed both theoretically and empirically; government decentralization, offering and testing hypotheses about its link to local economic development; and the specific historical conditions of China's regional-based central planning.
Book Synopsis Trade Liberalization by : Romain Wacziarg
Download or read book Trade Liberalization written by Romain Wacziarg and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compelling two-volume collection presents the major literary contributions to the economic analysis of the consequences of trade liberalization on growth, productivity, labor market outcomes and economic inequality. Examining the classical theories that stress gains from trade stemming from comparative advantage, the selection also comprises more recent theories of imperfect competition, where any potential gains from trade can stem from competitive effects or the international transmission of knowledge. Empirical contributions provide evidence regarding the explanatory power of these various theories, including work on the effects of trade openness on economic growth, wages, and income inequality, as well as evidence on the effects of trade on firm productivity, entry and exit. Prefaced by an original introduction from the editor, the collection will to be an invaluable research resource for academics, practitioners and those drawn to this fascinating topic.
Book Synopsis Structural Reforms and Economic Performance in Advanced and Developing Countries by : Mr.Jonathan David Ostry
Download or read book Structural Reforms and Economic Performance in Advanced and Developing Countries written by Mr.Jonathan David Ostry and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the impact on economic performance of structural policies-policies that increase the role of market forces and competition in the economy, while maintaining appropriate regulatory frameworks. The results reflect a new dataset covering reforms of domestic product markets, international trade, the domestic financial sector, and the external capital account, in 91 developed and developing countries. Among the key results of this study, the authors find that real and financial reforms (and, in particular, domestic financial liberalization, trade liberalization, and agricultural liberalization) boost income growth. However, growth effects differ significantly across alternative reform sequencing strategies: a trade-before-capital-account strategy achieves better outcomes than the reverse, or even than a "big bang"; also, liberalizing the domestic financial sector together with the external capital account is growth-enhancing, provided the economy is relatively open to international trade. Finally, relatively liberalized domestic financial sectors enhance the economy's resilience, reducing output costs from adverse terms-of-trade and interest-rate shocks; increased credit availability is one of the key mechanisms.
Book Synopsis Transition and Economics by : Gérard Roland
Download or read book Transition and Economics written by Gérard Roland and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transition from socialism to capitalism in former socialist economies has transformed the economic structure. This book provides an overview of research on the issues raised by the shift from collective to private ownership.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451930968 Total Pages :204 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper deals with liberalization and the evolution of output during the transition from plan to market. It explains why strong liberalization leads to a comparatively steep fall in output early in the transition, but a relatively strong recovery later on. Because it takes time to restructure the capital stock inherited from the old system, liberalization initially leads to transitional unemployment of capital and the contraction of the old enterprise sector. By making room quickly for the new, more efficient enterprises, however, liberalization also sets the stage for recovery and a much higher level of income in the medium term. [JEL E23, P21, P27, P52]
Book Synopsis IMF Staff Papers, Volume 49, No. 2 by : Mr.Robert P. Flood
Download or read book IMF Staff Papers, Volume 49, No. 2 written by Mr.Robert P. Flood and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2002-07-11 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores sources of the output collapse in Russia during transition. A modified growth-accounting framework is developed that takes into account changes in factor utilization that are typical of the transition process. The results indicate that declines in factor inputs and productivity were both important determinants of the output fall. The paper analyzes the behavior of real commodity prices over the 1862–1999 progress. It also examines whether average stocks of health and education are converging across countries, and calculates the speed of their convergence using data from 84 countries for 1970–90.
Book Synopsis Institutional Barriers in the Transition to Market by : C. Hartwell
Download or read book Institutional Barriers in the Transition to Market written by C. Hartwell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the institutional developments in 28 transition economies over the past two decades and concludes that, contrary to popular belief, institutions were not neglected; while personalities mattered as much as policies for outcomes, getting the basic institutions right was the most important aspect of a successful transition.
Book Synopsis Good Governance in Central and Eastern Europe by : Herman Willem Hoen
Download or read book Good Governance in Central and Eastern Europe written by Herman Willem Hoen and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Undeniably Good Governance in Central and Eastern Europe provides many insights in the political economy of institutional reform and constitutes an important contribution to the growing literature on "second-generation" reforms.' - Carlos Santiso, Democratization The implementation of a democratic order embedded in a market economy environment has proved immensely difficult. Furthermore, this process is subject to tremendous variety within Central and Eastern Europe. Ten years after the collapse of communism it was apparent that only Poland and Slovenia surpassed their 1989 levels of GDP. This book scrutinises the arrangements to enforce good governance in this area both by means of external help and domestic political leadership. From the popular assumption that transformation is a collective good, it follows that the problem of free-riding has to be faced. Consequently there is a danger that transformation may never be completed. This book empirically tests the relationship between economic performance and good governance focusing upon voluntary coercion as a means to prevent free-riding behaviour. The author examines the role of international organisations and discusses elite formation as an important element of good governance - something often ignored in the economic analysis of economic performance.
Book Synopsis Growth in Transition by : Nauro F. Campos
Download or read book Growth in Transition written by Nauro F. Campos and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Decade of Transition by : Mr.Oleh Havrylyshyn
Download or read book A Decade of Transition written by Mr.Oleh Havrylyshyn and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2001-04-27 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews the experience of 25 non-Asian transition economies 10 years into their transformation to market economies. The volume is based on an IMF conference held in February 1999 in Washington, D.C., to take stock of the achievements and the challenges of transition in the context of three questions: How far has transition progressed ineach country? What factors explain the differences in the progress made? And what remains to be done?
Book Synopsis Reform, Transformation and Growth by : Jun Zhang
Download or read book Reform, Transformation and Growth written by Jun Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book China 2049 written by David Dollar and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2020-06-09 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How will China reform its economy as it aspires to become the next economic superpower? It's clear that China is the world's next economic superpower. But what isn't so clear is how China will get there by the middle of this century. It now faces tremendous challenges such as fostering innovation, dealing with ageing problem and coping with a less accommodative global environment. In this book, economists from China's leading university and America's best-known think tank offer in depth analyses of these challenges. Does China have enough talent and right policy and institutional mix to transit from input-driven to innovation-driven economy? What does ageing mean, in terms of labor supply, consumption demand and social welfare expenditure? Can China contain the environmental and climate change risks? How should the financial system be transformed in order to continuously support economic growth and keep financial risks under control? What fiscal reforms are required in order to balance between economic efficiency and social harmony? What roles should the state-owned enterprises play in the future Chinese economy? In addition, how will technological competition between the United States and China affect each country's development? Will the Chinese yuan emerge as a major reserve currency, and would this destabilize the international financial system? What will be China's role in the international economic institutions? And will the United States and other established powers accept a growing role for China and the rest of the developing world in the governance of global institutions such as the World Trade Organization and the International Monetary Fund, or will the world devolve into competing blocs? This book provides unique insights into independent analyses and policy recommendations by a group of top Chinese and American scholars. Whether China succeeds or fails in economic reform will have a large impact, not just on China's development, but also on stability and prosperity for the whole world.
Book Synopsis Communist Economics in Russia by : Bruno S. Sergi
Download or read book Communist Economics in Russia written by Bruno S. Sergi and published by Akademiai Kiads. This book was released on 2004 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the author highlights various symbols from Russian history that typify the identity confusion of Russia. He takes the reader on a journey of more than a century, from the period preceding the communist seizure of power, through the various stages of communist power, to the ultimate collapse of the communist system, and the attempts by Yeltsin and Putin to deal with its appalling legacy. Many of the problems of post-communist Russia-including the heated debates about the best way forward, which eventually resulted in virtual stalemate and stalled reforms, and the various ramifications of the near-absence of the bourgeoisie, including the rise of corruption, of the so-called oligarchs, and of nomenklatura privatization-can ultimately be traced back to the seriously distorting effects of the logic of communist economics in Russia. But misguided Western advisers must also share part of the blame for the problems the Russian economy has experienced in recent years.
Book Synopsis How Capitalism Was Built by : Anders Aslund
Download or read book How Capitalism Was Built written by Anders Aslund and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition updates all chapters and covers the impacts of the global financial crisis and the European Union.
Book Synopsis Recovery and Growth in Transition Economies 1990–97 by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Recovery and Growth in Transition Economies 1990–97 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-09-01 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the determinants of growth in 25 transition economies during 1990–97. The paper’s main finding is that macroeconomic stabilization, structural reform, and reduction of government expenditures are key to achieving sustainable growth. Although the initial effect of reforms on output may be negative, over time the best growth performances are in those countries with the greatest progress in implementing reforms. The analysis also confirms that although adverse initial conditions hurt growth, their effect is small compared to the other factors.
