Les Modeling Of Flow Through Vegetation With Applications To Wildland Fires

Download Les Modeling Of Flow Through Vegetation With Applications To Wildland Fires full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Les Modeling Of Flow Through Vegetation With Applications To Wildland Fires ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

LES Modeling of Flow Through Vegetation with Applications to Wildland Fires

Author : Eric Victor Mueller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (833 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis LES Modeling of Flow Through Vegetation with Applications to Wildland Fires by : Eric Victor Mueller

Download or read book LES Modeling of Flow Through Vegetation with Applications to Wildland Fires written by Eric Victor Mueller and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Due to continued outward expansion of industry and community development into the wildland-urban interface (WUI), the threat to life safety and property from wildland fires has become a significant problem. Such fire scenarios can be better understood through the use of computation fluid dynamics based fire-spread models. However, current physical fire models must be specifically adapted to handle the phenomena associated with WUI fires. Only then can they be reliably used as research and decision making tools to help mitigate the problem. In this research, the current standard in wildland fire modeling for representing the effect on wind flow from a porous vegetative medium is examined. The technique used employs basic correlations for object drag, and its validity with respect to real vegetation has yet to be examined in detail by the scientific community. The modeling of vegetation is studied within the framework of the existing Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Dynamics Simulator (WFDS), and the potential need for continued development is assessed. Comparisons are made to both experimental and numerical studies. Additionally, the validity of the model is considered at both the scale of an individual tree, as well as that of a whole forest canopy. Results show that as a first approximation the model is able to perform well in the latter case. At the scale of an individual tree, however, the behavior is governed by theoretical constants. The assumption of cylindrical vegetation elements performs slightly better than the commonly used spherical case, but neither adequately captures experimental tendencies. Accurate flow representation for single trees is crucial to modeling the key driving factors of fire behavior (such as combustion and heat transfer) in small scale WUI scenarios. Ultimately, this study illustrates the need for well-designed experiments, specifically to generate empirical constants which will improve the behavior of the simplified theory.

Wildland Fire Dynamics

Author : Kevin Speer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108580246
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Wildland Fire Dynamics by : Kevin Speer

Download or read book Wildland Fire Dynamics written by Kevin Speer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wildland fires are among the most complicated environmental phenomena to model. Fire behavior models are commonly used to predict the direction and rate of spread of wildland fires based on fire history, fuel, and environmental conditions; however, more sophisticated computational fluid dynamic models are now being developed. This quantitative analysis of fire as a fluid dynamic phenomenon embedded in a highly turbulent flow is beginning to reveal the combined interactions of the vegetative structure, combustion-driven convective effects, and atmospheric boundary layer processes. This book provides an overview of the developments in modeling wildland fire dynamics and the key dynamical processes involved. Mathematical and dynamical principles are presented, and the complex phenomena that arise in wildland fire are discussed. Providing a state-of-the-art survey, it is a useful reference for scientists, researchers, and graduate students interested in wildland fire behavior from a broad range of fields.

Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Forest Fires

Author : J. de las Heras
Publisher : WIT Press
ISBN 13 : 1845641418
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (456 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Forest Fires by : J. de las Heras

Download or read book Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Forest Fires written by J. de las Heras and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2008-08-26 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At present there is insufficient knowledge of the behavior of fires and how they propagate. This lack of information makes it very hard to control these phenomena and is one of the biggest obstacles to the development of a reliable decision support system. Public concern regarding this topic is increasing as uncontrolled fires may lead to major ecological disasters, and usually result in negative economic and health implications for the region. Containing papers presented at the First International Conference on Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Forest Fires, this book addresses the latest research and applications of available computational tools to analyse and predict the spread of forest fires in order to prevent or reduce major loss of life and property as well as damage to the environment. Such tools must be able to take into consideration a large number of different parameters. The book thus deals with all aspects of forest fires, from fire propagation in different scenarios to the optimum strategies for fire-fighting. It also covers issues related to economic, ecological, social and health effects. Featured topics include: Computer Models for Fire Propagation; Risk and Vulnerability Assessment; Fire Combustion Models; Computational Methods and Experiments; Case Studies; Emergency Response Systems; Optimization Models for Fire Mitigation; Environmental Impact Models; Air Pollution and Health Risk; Interaction between Meteorological and Forest Fires Models; Economic Impact Models; Forest Material Characterisation; Eco Remediation Models; Decision Support Systems; Monitoring Systems and Data Acquisition and Analysis.

The Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator

Author : Elizabeth D. Reinhardt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator by : Elizabeth D. Reinhardt

Download or read book The Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator written by Elizabeth D. Reinhardt and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fire and Fuels Extension (FFE) to the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) simulates fuel dynamics and potential fire behavior over time, in the context of stand development and management. Existing models of fire behavior and fire effects were added to FVS to form this extension. New submodels representing snag and fuel dynamics were created to complete the linkages. This report contains four chapters. Chapter 1 states the purpose and chronicles some applications of the model. Chapter 2 details the model's content, documents links to the supporting science, and provides annotated examples of the outputs. Chapter 3 is a user's guide that presents options and examples of command usage. Chapter 4 describes how the model was customized for use in different regions. Fuel managers and silviculturists charged with managing fire-prone forests can use the FFEFVS and this document to better understand and display the consequences of alternative management actions.

Predicting Fuel Models and Subsequent Fire Behavior from Vegetation Classification Maps

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (656 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Predicting Fuel Models and Subsequent Fire Behavior from Vegetation Classification Maps by :

Download or read book Predicting Fuel Models and Subsequent Fire Behavior from Vegetation Classification Maps written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent trends in wildland fires have created a level of motivation that requires natural resource managers to predict fires through the use of computer based simulation programs. Using vegetation maps delineated from large-scale aerial photography and fuel loading values collected from fieldwork, I simulated how fire would react to changes in fuel model assignments for Booker T. Washington National Monument (BOWA) and George Washington Birthplace National Monument using FARSITE, a fire simulation program. The environments for these fires were based on weather and fuel conditions found during the summer and fall months for each area. Sample points, stratified by vegetation formation, were selected. Then, field measurements using Brown's transect lines and Burgan and Rothermel ocular procedures were used to calculate the amount of fuel loading in tons/acre for each sample point. These values were then used to assign a fuel load to each vegetation formation class. Then each vegetation polygon on the map was assigned one of the thirteen National Fire Fuel Laboratory fuel models based on fuel load, vegetation type, and overall structure of the surrounding area. The sampling results showed a one to one correspondence of fuel model to vegetation formation. The sensitivity of FARSITE was tested by changing fuel model layers within FARSITE while holding all other variables constant (e.g., weather, moisture, etc.). Rate of spread and fire line intensity were used to compare the differences between the simulations using different fuel models. The results from the simulations showed that there was little sensitivity to changes in the assignment of fuel models for forested vegetation for these sites. The rate of spread and fire line intensity for grass fuel models showed sensitivity to changes in fuel model assignment.

Estimating Windspeeds for Predicting Wildland Fire Behavior

Author : Frank A. Albini
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Estimating Windspeeds for Predicting Wildland Fire Behavior by : Frank A. Albini

Download or read book Estimating Windspeeds for Predicting Wildland Fire Behavior written by Frank A. Albini and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Development of Modeling Tools for Predicting Smoke Dispersion from Low Intensity Fires

Author : Warren E. Heilman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (126 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Development of Modeling Tools for Predicting Smoke Dispersion from Low Intensity Fires by : Warren E. Heilman

Download or read book Development of Modeling Tools for Predicting Smoke Dispersion from Low Intensity Fires written by Warren E. Heilman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of particular concern to fire and air-quality management communities throughout the U.S. are the behavior and air-quality impacts of low-intensity prescribed fires for fuels management. For example, smoke from prescribed fires, which often occur in wildland-urban interface (WUI) areas and in areas where forest vegetation has a significant impact on the local meteorology, can linger for relatively long periods of time and have an adverse effect on human health. Smoke from wildland fires can also reduce visibility over roads and highways in the vicinity of and downwind of these fires, reducing the safety of our transportation system. The planning for and tactical management of low-intensity prescribed fires can be enhanced with models and decision support tools developed with a fundamental understanding of how the atmosphere interacts with these types of fires and the smoke they generate. This particular study focused on (1) an evaluation of several existing coupled meteorological and atmospheric dispersion modeling systems for their potential use as tools to predict the local meteorological and air-quality impacts of low-intensity wildland fires in forested environments,(2) the further development of those modeling systems deemed most appropriate for low intensity wildland fire applications to enhance their local meteorological and air-quality predictive capabilities within forested environments, and (3) the development and analysis of new observational data sets that can be used to evaluate current and future modeling systems and to improve our understanding of fundamental fire-fuel-atmosphere interactions.

Wildland Fire Dynamics

Author : Kevin Speer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108498558
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Wildland Fire Dynamics by : Kevin Speer

Download or read book Wildland Fire Dynamics written by Kevin Speer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of recent advances in the quantitative modeling of wildland fire based on fluid dynamics, including a discussion of the mathematical and dynamical principles. Providing a state-of-the-art survey, it is a useful reference for scientists, researchers, and graduate students interested in fire behavior from a range of fields.

Wildland Fire

Author : Michael John Gollner
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889639665
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Wildland Fire by : Michael John Gollner

Download or read book Wildland Fire written by Michael John Gollner and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-08-28 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Retrospective Fire Modeling: Quantifying the Impacts of Fire Supression

Author : Brett Davis
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781480172067
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (72 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Retrospective Fire Modeling: Quantifying the Impacts of Fire Supression by : Brett Davis

Download or read book Retrospective Fire Modeling: Quantifying the Impacts of Fire Supression written by Brett Davis and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-10-23 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When wildfires are suppressed, opportunities are foregone to create fuel breaks, reduce fire regime departures, and decrease future extreme fire behavior by modifying fuels. To our knowledge, no one has yet attempted to systematically quantify these foregone opportunities. This general technical report describes a methodology to measure the cumulative impacts of suppression over time by modeling the spread of ignitions that were suppressed. We illustrate a set of analysis steps to simulate where ignitions would have spread had they not been suppressed and to assess the cumulative effects that would have resulted from those fires. The quantification of these effects will help land managers improve the prioritization and planning of fuels treatments and help inform decisions about the suppression of future ignitions. In its simplest application, the methodology compares two landscapes: the realized landscape vs. a hypothetical landscape. As used throughout this guidebook, a "landscape" refers mainly to the biophysical characteristics of the study area such as vegetation and fuel conditions and potential fire behavior. The realized landscape is the landscape that resulted due to the fire management strategies actually implemented; this is typically the current landscape. The hypothetical landscape is the landscape that would have resulted if different fire management strategies had been chosen (e.g., if one or more suppressed ignitions had been allowed to burn freely). While the examples in this guidebook compare only two landscapes, any number of landscapes could be compared. A case study examines what conditions might have resulted if lightning-ignited fires were not suppressed in the South Fork Merced watershed of Yosemite National Park. The retrospective modeling process requires modeling the spread of ignitions that were suppressed, updating the fuels data to reflect that modeled fire, and repeating this process to account for all the ignitions of interest throughout the simulation period; this results in the hypothetical landscape. Once the modeling cycles are complete, the final step involves assessing the impacts of fire suppression by comparing the hypothetical and realized landscapes using various metrics depending on need and purpose. For example, the hypothetical and realized landscapes might be compared in terms of potential fire behavior (i.e., flame length or crowning potential). This document is a guidebook in that it provides a moderate level of detail for implementing the methodology and uses a case study to illustrate some procedures. However, it does not provide step-by-step instructions. Furthermore, inputs and parameters used in the case study are for illustration and should not be applied uncritically to other situations. Occasionally, specific tips on how best to accomplish the required steps are offered, but this guidebook is not intended to be a tutorial for specific modeling software, nor is it a text on fire behavior, ecology, or management. To implement the methodology here, the user must have some basic skill sets. The most important skills include basic Geographic Information System (GIS) data manipulation and analysis, experience with fire growth modeling software such as FARSITE (Finney 1998), and familiarity with fire management terminology. Other useful skills include familiarity with other fire modeling software such as FlamMap (Finney 2006) and FireFamilyPlus (FFP; Bradshaw and McCormick 2000), and knowledge of fuels characterization, fire weather analysis, fire behavior, fire ecology, and fire management.

Modeling the Cumulative Effects of Forest Fire on Watershed Hydrology

Author : Crystal S. Stonesifer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (948 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Modeling the Cumulative Effects of Forest Fire on Watershed Hydrology by : Crystal S. Stonesifer

Download or read book Modeling the Cumulative Effects of Forest Fire on Watershed Hydrology written by Crystal S. Stonesifer and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Firebgcv2 Landscape Fire Succession Model

Author : United States Department of Agriculture
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781506197364
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (973 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Firebgcv2 Landscape Fire Succession Model by : United States Department of Agriculture

Download or read book The Firebgcv2 Landscape Fire Succession Model written by United States Department of Agriculture and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-02-14 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fire management faces important emergent issues in the coming years such as climate change, fire exclusion impacts, and wildland-urban development, so new, innovative means are needed to address these challenges. Field studies, while preferable and reliable, will be problematic because of the large time and space scales involved. Therefore, landscape simulation modeling will have more of a role in wildland fire management as field studies become untenable.

Retrospective Fire Modeling

Author : Brett H. Davis
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 143793904X
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Retrospective Fire Modeling by : Brett H. Davis

Download or read book Retrospective Fire Modeling written by Brett H. Davis and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Land management agencies (LMA) need to understand and monitor the consequences of their fire suppression decisions. The authors developed a framework for retrospective fire behavior modeling and impact assessment to determine where ignitions would have spread had they not been suppressed, and to assess the cumulative effects that would have resulted. This guidebook is used for applying this methodology and is for those interested in quantifying the impacts of fire suppression. Land managers who use this methodology can track the cumulative effects of suppression, frame future suppression decisions and cost-benefit analyses in the context of past experiences, and communicate tradeoffs to the public, non-gov. organ., and LMA.

Selected Water Resources Abstracts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 962 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Selected Water Resources Abstracts by :

Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Improved Understanding of Firebrand Processes During Large Scale Fire Disasters

Author : Samuel L. Manzello
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889746887
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Improved Understanding of Firebrand Processes During Large Scale Fire Disasters by : Samuel L. Manzello

Download or read book Improved Understanding of Firebrand Processes During Large Scale Fire Disasters written by Samuel L. Manzello and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-14 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Complex Vegetation Dynamics at the Fire-grazing-drought Nexus

Author : Christine H. Bielski
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Complex Vegetation Dynamics at the Fire-grazing-drought Nexus by : Christine H. Bielski

Download or read book Complex Vegetation Dynamics at the Fire-grazing-drought Nexus written by Christine H. Bielski and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discipline of ecology long ago moved away from viewing systems as static entities where disturbance processes, environmental stochasticity, and spatiotemporal variability play minor roles in determining ecosystem structure and function. Ecological theory continue to develop frameworks and statistical techniques capable of describing the inherent complexity in natural systems. However, in dealing with the complexity in nature, many applied disciplines have yet to adopt such frameworks or statistical techniques. The objective of this study was bridge the gap between ecological theory and application by using complex systems theory to describe grassland vegetation dynamics at the fire-grazing-drought nexus. Chapters 2 and 3 take advantage of one of the most severe growing season droughts on modern record in the southern Great Plains and a long-term pyric herbivory experiment to investigate spatiotemporal patterns in vegetation at the fire-grazer interface. Through the application of metacommunity theory, Chapter 2 reveals scale switching in complex feedbacks between grassland productivity, fire behavior, forage quality, and grazer selection before and during extreme drought. Through the application of information-theoretic model comparison, Chapter 3 provides a method for applied fire modeling systems to quantitatively assess the impact of favoring central tendency in the characterization of grassland fuel properties that are the basis for predicting wildfire risk and behavior. Chapter 4 identifies thresholds in the flammability of J. virginiana (Eastern redcedar), a commonly planted horticultural tree rapidly invading across the Great Plains, across a gradient of fuel moisture contents to improve wildland fire risk assessments and monitoring programs. The results of these case studies will become even more important during the next century, when climate models forecast an increase in frequency and severity of growing season droughts across much of the Great Plains.

Modeling Naturally Occurring Wildfires Across the US Using Niche Modeling

Author : Brandon Polk
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Modeling Naturally Occurring Wildfires Across the US Using Niche Modeling by : Brandon Polk

Download or read book Modeling Naturally Occurring Wildfires Across the US Using Niche Modeling written by Brandon Polk and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wildfires can cause significant damage to an area by destroying forested and agricultural areas, homes, businesses, and leading to the potential loss of life. Climate change may further increase the frequency of wildfires. Thus, developing a quick, simple, and accurate method for identifying key drivers that cause wildfires and modeling and predicting their occurrence becomes very important and urgent. Various modeling methods have been developed and applied for this purpose. The objective of this study was to identify key drivers and search for an appropriate method for modeling and predicting natural wildfire occurrence for the United States. In this thesis, various vegetation, topographic and climate variables were examined and key drivers were identified based on their spatial distributions and using their correlations with natural wildfire occurrence. Five models including General Linearized Models (GLM) with Binomial and Poisson distribution, MaxEnt, Random Forests, Artificial Neural Networks, and Multiple Adaptive Regression Splines, were compared to predict natural wildfire occurring for seven different climate regions across the United States. The comparisons were conducted using three datasets including LANDFIRE consisting of thirteen variables including characteristics of vegetation, topography and disturbance, BIOCLIM containing climate variables such as temperature and precipitation, and composite data that combine the most important variables from LANDFIRE and BIOCLIM after the multicollinearity test of the variables done using variance inflation factor (VIF). This results of this study showed that niche modeling techniques such as MaxEnt, GLM with logistic regression (LR), and binomial distribution were an appropriate choice for modeling natural wildfire occurrence. MaxEnt provided highly accurate predictions of natural wildfire occurrence for most of seven different climate regions across the United States. This implied that MaxEnt offered a powerful solution for modeling natural wildfire occurrence for complex and highly specialized systems. This study also showed that although MaxEnt and GLM were quite similar, both models produced very different spatial distributions of probability for natural wildfire occurrence in some regions. Moreover, it was found that natural wildfire occurrence in the western regions was more influenced by precipitation and drought conditions while in the eastern regions the natural wildfire occurrence was more affected by extreme temperature.