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Les Materialismes Et La Chimie
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Book Synopsis The Chemical Philosophy of Robert Boyle by : Marina Paola Banchetti-Robino
Download or read book The Chemical Philosophy of Robert Boyle written by Marina Paola Banchetti-Robino and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert Boyle (1627-1691) believed that a reductionist conception of the mechanical philosophy threatened the heuristic power and autonomy of chemistry as an experimental science. While some historical and philosophical scholars have examined his nuanced position, understanding the chemical philosophy he developed through his own experimental work is incredibly difficult even for experts in the field. In The Chemical Philosophy of Robert Boyle, Marina Paola Banchetti-Robino energetically explains Boyle's ideas in a whole new light and proposes that Boyle regarded chemical qualities as non-reducible dispositional and relational properties that emerge from, and supervene upon, the mechanistic structure of chymical atoms. Banchetti-Robino demonstrates that these ideas are implicit in Boyle's writing, making his philosophical contributions crucial to the fields of both philosophy and chemistry. The arguments presented are further strengthened by a detailed mereological analysis of Boylean chymical atoms as chemically elementary entities, which establishes the theory of wholes and parts that is most consistent with an emergentist conception of chemical properties. More generally, this book examines the way in which Boyle sought to accommodate his complex chemical philosophy within the framework of the 17th century mechanistic theory of matter. Banchetti-Robino conceptualizes Boyle's experimental work as a scientific research programme, in the Lakatosian sense, to better explain the positive and negative heuristic function of the mechanistic theory of matter within his chemical philosophy. The Chemical Philosophy of Robert Boyle actively engages with the contemporary and lively debates over the nature of Boyle's ideas about structural chemistry, fundamental mechanistic particles and properties, the explanatory power of subordinate causes, the complex relation between fundamental particles, natural kinds, and unified chemical wholes. The book is a rich historical account that begins with the dominant paradigms of 16th and 17th Century chemical philosophy and takes readers all the way through to the 21st Century.
Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Chemistry by : Jean-Pierre Llored
Download or read book The Philosophy of Chemistry written by Jean-Pierre Llored and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-26 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume connects chemistry and philosophy in order to face questions raised by chemistry in our present world. The idea is first to develop a kind of philosophy of chemistry which is deeply rooted in the exploration of chemical activities. We thus work in close contact with chemists (technicians, engineers, researchers, and teachers). Following this line of reasoning, the first part of the book encourages current chemists to describe their workaday practices while insisting on the importance of attending to methodological, metrological, philosophical, and epistemological questions related to their activities. It deals with sustainable chemistry, chemical metrology, nanochemistry, and biochemistry, among other crucial topics. In doing so, those chemists invite historians and philosophers to provide ideas for future developments. In a nutshell, this part is a call for forthcoming collaborations focused on instruments and methods, that is on ways of doing chemistry. The second part of the book illustrates the multifarious ways to study chemistry and even proposes new approaches to doing so. Each approach is interesting and incomplete but the emergent whole is richer than any of its components. Analytical work needs socio-historical expertise as well as many other approaches in order to keep on investigating chemistry to greater and greater depth. This heterogeneity provides a wide set of methodological perspectives not only about current chemical practices but also about the ways to explore them philosophically. Each approach is a resource to study chemistry and to reflect upon what doing philosophy of science can mean. In the last part of the volume, philosophers and chemists propose new concepts or reshape older ones in order to think about chemistry. The act of conceptualization itself is queried as well as the relationships between concepts and chemical activities. Prefaced by Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, Roald Hoffmann, and by the President of the International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Rom Harré, this volume is a plea for the emergence of a collective cleverness and aims to foster inventiveness.
Book Synopsis What Is A Chemical Element? by : Eric Scerri
Download or read book What Is A Chemical Element? written by Eric Scerri and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-11 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of a chemical element is foundational within the field of chemistry, but there is wide disagreement over its definition. Even the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) claims two distinct definitions: a species of atoms versus one which identifies chemical elements with the simple substances bearing their names. The double definition of elements proposed by the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry contrasts an abstract meaning and an operational one. Nevertheless, the philosophical aspects of this notion are not fully captured by the IUPAC definitions, despite the fact that they were crucial for the construction of the Periodic Table. Although rich scientific literature on the element and the periodic table exists as well as a recent growth in the philosophy of chemistry, scholars are still searching for a definitive answer to this important question: What is an element? Eric Scerri and Elena Ghibaudi have teamed up to assemble a group of scholars to provide readers an overview of the current state of the debate on chemical elements from epistemological, historical, and educational perspectives. What Is A Chemical Element? fills a gap for the benefit of the whole chemistry community-experimental researchers, philosophers, chemistry educators, and anyone looking to learn more about the elements of the periodic table.
Book Synopsis Semiotic Approaches in Science Didactics by : Catherine Houdement
Download or read book Semiotic Approaches in Science Didactics written by Catherine Houdement and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-10-18 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sciences are, in essence, highly semiotized. Our ways of thinking and communicating about science are based on permanent transformations from one system of signs to another, such as scriptural, graphic, symbolic, oral and gestural signs. The semiotic focus studied in this book makes it possible to grasp part of the complexity of teaching and learning phenomena by focusing on the variety of possible interpretations of the signs that circulate within the science classroom. Semiotic Approaches in Science Didactics brings together contributions from didactic research involving various disciplines such as mathematics, chemistry, physics and geography, which mobilize different types of semiotic support. It offers the key to understanding and even reducing some of the misunderstandings that can arise between a speaker and a receiver in scientific teaching situations.
Author : Publisher :Odile Jacob ISBN 13 :2738178634 Total Pages :315 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (381 download)
Download or read book written by and published by Odile Jacob. This book was released on with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diderot and the Metamorphosis of Species by : Mary Efrosini Gregory
Download or read book Diderot and the Metamorphosis of Species written by Mary Efrosini Gregory and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2007 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2006. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Book Synopsis Artifacts for Diderot's Elements of Physiology by : Gregory Bringman
Download or read book Artifacts for Diderot's Elements of Physiology written by Gregory Bringman and published by Les OntOeuvres. This book was released on 2022-05-15 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artifacts for Diderot's Elements of Physiology is a translation of Denis Diderot's rare 18th Century work, Éléments de physiologie, situating it in light of New Materialism and other current debates in continental philosophy. It takes one of many possible theoretical tours through this oeuvre of Diderot, as well as incorporates other supplementary artifacts, including translations of sections of the Latin of Albrecht von Haller on which Diderot's text is partially based.With its critical footnotes and supplementary material, Artifacts addresses old and new materialism in Diderot as a work of theory. Its introductory discussion of animal organs, technical evolution and Diderot's relation to Ernst Kapp, Georges Canguilhem, and Gilbert Simondon is a new, contemporary critical framing for Éléments. While the focus of the critical French editions has been on an inescapable determinism of Diderot (Mayer), a lay anthropology rooted in Diderot's atheist conclusion to Éléments (Quintili), and an extensive presentation of Diderot's sources (Terada), Artifacts emphasizes the importance of Part I of the work. In Beings, Diderot most convincingly stakes out a radical transformist philosophical position appropriate to many issues currently at the forefront of philosophical discourse, demonstrating once more the inexhaustible ways Diderot's work can be fruitfully applied after the age of Lumières.
Book Synopsis Gaston Bachelard by : Cristina Chimisso
Download or read book Gaston Bachelard written by Cristina Chimisso and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new study, Cristina Chimisso explores the work of the French Philosopher of Science, Gaston Bachelard (1884-1962) by situating it within French cultural life of the first half of the century. The book is introduced by a study - based on an analysis of portraits and literary representations - of how Bachelard's admirers transformed him into the mythical image of the Philosopher, the Patriarch and the 'Teacher of Happiness'. Such a projected image is contrasted with Bachelard's own conception of philosophy and his personal pedagogical and moral ideas. This pedagogical orientation is a major feature of Bachelard's texts, and one which deepens our understanding of the main philosophical arguments. The primary thesis of the book is based on the examination of the French educational system of the time and of French philosophy taught in schools and conceived by contemporary philosophers. This approach also helps to explain Bachelard's reception of psychoanalysis and his mastery of modern literature. Gaston Bachelard: Critic of Science and the Imagination thus allows for a new reading of Bachelard's body of work, whilst at the same time providing an insight into twentieth century French culture.
Book Synopsis Philosophy of Chemistry by : Davis Baird
Download or read book Philosophy of Chemistry written by Davis Baird and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume marks a new standard in scholarship in the emerging field of the philosophy of chemistry. Philosophers, chemists, and historians of science ask some fundamental questions about the relationship between philosophy and chemistry.
Book Synopsis Marxism and Epistemology by : Dominique Lecourt
Download or read book Marxism and Epistemology written by Dominique Lecourt and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When this book was first published in English in 1975, the previous forty years had seen the emergence of a new tradition in the philosophy of the sciences, or 'epistemology' in France. The founder of this tradition was Gaston Bachelard. Rather than elaborating from existing philosophy a series of categories to judge science's claims to truth, Bachelard started from the twentieth-century revolution in physics and critically examined existing philosophy on the basis of the achievements of this revolution and the scientific practice it exemplified. This critique of philosophy produced an epistemology radically different from traditional idealism and empiricism. Simultaneously, it opened the way to a new history of the sciences which had been developed by Georges Canguilhem and Michel Foucault. This critique of empiricism and idealism in the name of science clearly parallels the theses of dialectical materialism. Hence a dialectical-materialist analysis illuminates both the achievements and limitations of the tradition. In this book Dominique Lecourt presents an exposition of Bachelard's epistemological writings and then offers a critique of that epistemology and of the works of Canguilhem and Foucault from a Marxist-Leninist viewpoint. In an introduction written especially for the English edition he compares Bachelard's positions with those of the different, but in some respects analogous, Anglo-Saxon traditions in epistemology descending from the works of Karl Popper, in particular with Thomas Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions.
Book Synopsis Transactions of the ... Annual Congress of the Federation of European Sections of the Theosophical Society by : Federation of European Sections of the Theosophical Society
Download or read book Transactions of the ... Annual Congress of the Federation of European Sections of the Theosophical Society written by Federation of European Sections of the Theosophical Society and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evolutionism in Eighteenth-century French Thought by : Mary Efrosini Gregory
Download or read book Evolutionism in Eighteenth-century French Thought written by Mary Efrosini Gregory and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2008 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how eight eighteenth-century French theorists - Maillet, Montesquieu, La Mettrie, Buffon, Maupertuis, Diderot, Rousseau, and Voltaire - addressed evolutionism. Each thinker laid down a building block that would eventually open the door to the mutability of species and a departure from the long-held belief that the chain of beings is fixed. This book describes how the philosophes established a triune relationship among contemporary scientific discoveries, random creationism propelled by the motive and conscious properties of matter, and the notion of the chain of being, along with its corollaries, plenitude and continuity. Also addressed is the contemporary debate over whether apes could ever be taught to speak as well as the issue of race and the family of man.
Book Synopsis The Atheist's Bible: Diderot's 'Éléments de physiologie' by : Caroline Warman
Download or read book The Atheist's Bible: Diderot's 'Éléments de physiologie' written by Caroline Warman and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2020-11-16 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘Love is harder to explain than hunger, for a piece of fruit does not feel the desire to be eaten’: Denis Diderot’s Éléments de physiologie presents a world in flux, turning on the relationship between man, matter and mind. In this late work, Diderot delves playfully into the relationship between bodily sensation, emotion and perception, and asks his readers what it means to be human in the absence of a soul. The Atheist’s Bible challenges prevailing scholarly views on Diderot’s Éléments, asserting its contemporary philosophical importance, and prompting its readers to inspect more closely this little-known and little-studied work. In this timely volume, Warman establishes the place of Diderot’s Éléments in the trajectory of materialist theories of nature and the mind stretching back to Epicurus and Lucretius, and explores the fascinating reasons behind scholarly neglect of this seminal work. In turn, Warman outlines the hitherto unacknowledged dissemination and reception of Diderot’s Éléments, demonstrating how Diderot’s Éléments was circulated in manuscript-form as early as the 1790s, thus showing how the text came to influence the next generations of materialist thinkers. This book is accompanied by a digital edition of Jacques-André Naigeon’s Mémoires historiques et philosophiques sur la vie et les ouvrages de Denis Diderot (1823), a work which, Warman argues, represents the first publication of Diderot’s Éléments, long before its official publication date of 1875. The Atheist’s Bible constitutes a major contribution to the field of Diderot studies, and will be of further interest to scholars and students of materialist natural philosophy in the Age of Enlightenment and beyond.
Book Synopsis French Studies in the Philosophy of Science by : Anastasios Brenner
Download or read book French Studies in the Philosophy of Science written by Anastasios Brenner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-14 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having examined previous volumes of the Boston Studies series devoted to different countries, and having discussed the best way to present contemporary research in France, we have arrived at a careful selection of 15 participants, including the organizers. Our aim is to bring together philosophers and practicing scientist from the major institutions of the country, both universities and research centers. The areas of research represented here cover a wide spectrum of sciences, from mathematics and physics to the life sciences, as well as linguistics and economics. This selection is a showcase of French philosophy of science, illustrating the different methods employed: logico-linguistic analysis, rational reconstruction and historical inquiry. These participants have the ability to relate their research both to the French tradition and current discussions on the international scene. Also included is a substantial historical introduction, explaining the development of philosophy of science in France, the various schools of thought and methods as well as the major concepts and their significance.
Book Synopsis Collected Writings by : Helena Petrovna Blavatsky
Download or read book Collected Writings written by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky and published by Quest Books. This book was released on 1973 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive edition of HPB's writings in 15 volumes. Volume 11 is from 1889, and includes articles such as: 'The Roots of Ritualism in Church and Masonry'; 'Japanese Buddhism and Theosophy'; 'Thoughts on Karma and Reincarnation'; 'Our Three Objects'; 'Alchemy in the Nineteenth Century'.
Book Synopsis Histoire et agronomie by : Paul Robin
Download or read book Histoire et agronomie written by Paul Robin and published by IRD Editions. This book was released on 2007 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Au cours des deux derniers siècles, le champ des agronomies a été traversé par de nombreuses révolutions qui ont constitué autant de ruptures importantes. Alors que ces disciplines se trouvent aujourd'hui face à l'émergence de nouveaux paradigmes comme celui du développement durable, il était important d'amener agronomes et historiens à confronter leurs savoirs pour mieux analyser les changements sociaux et techniques qui ont découlé de ces ruptures. Si pour l'historien, les ruptures s'inscrivent essentiellement dans la durée, pour l'agronome, elles répondent davantage à des questions pratiques de production et de protection des espaces naturels. Et les sciences de l'agronomie ont beaucoup à gagner en intégrant le regard des historiens à leurs propres perceptions des hommes, des concepts et des techniques. Cet ouvrage présente le résultat des réflexions croisées de quelque trente spécialistes européens de ces deux disciplines, réunis à Montpellier deux cents ans après la parution du travail fondateur de Nicolas-Théodore de Saussure (1804).
Book Synopsis European Philosophy of Science - Philosophy of Science in Europe and the Viennese Heritage by : Maria Carla Galavotti
Download or read book European Philosophy of Science - Philosophy of Science in Europe and the Viennese Heritage written by Maria Carla Galavotti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-28 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume combines the theoretical and historical perspective focusing on the specific features of a European philosophy of science. On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the Institute Vienna Circle the Viennese roots and influences will be addressed, in addition. There is no doubt that contemporary philosophy of science originated mainly in Europe beginning in the 19th century and has influenced decisively the subsequent development of globalized philosophy of science, esp. in North America. Recent research in this field documents some specific characteristics of philosophy of science covering the natural, social, and also cultural sciences in the European context up to the destruction and forced migration caused by Fascism and National Socialism. This European perspective with the integration of history and philosophy of science and the current situation in the philosophy of science after the transatlantic interaction and transformation, and the “return” after World War II raises the question of contemporary European characteristics in the philosophy of science. The role and function of the renowned Vienna Circle of Logical Empiricism and its impact and influence on contemporary philosophy of science is on the agenda, too. Accordingly, the general topic is dealt with in two parallel sessions representing systematic-formal as well as genetic-historical perspectives on philosophy of science in a European context up to the present.
