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Legitimacy And Law Enforcement The Counterinsurgency Against Gang Crime In The United States
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Book Synopsis Legitimacy and Law Enforcement: The Counterinsurgency Against Gang Crime in the United States by : James Phillip Fox
Download or read book Legitimacy and Law Enforcement: The Counterinsurgency Against Gang Crime in the United States written by James Phillip Fox and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: City gangs within the United States have evolved in the past several decades to become sophisticated organizations with clear objectives beyond random crimes and territorial protection. Upon returning from a couple of tours in Iraq, I discovered the manner in which gangs recruit and gain support from local communities is comparable to the activities of insurgent groups in Iraq and Afghanistan. If this observation is true, then combating gang crime is an exercise similar to counterinsurgency. Therefore, it involves a combination of conventional law enforcement and community engagement approximating non-lethal counterinsurgency methods. These outreach initiatives can supplement law enforcement by fostering a sense of inclusion and legitimacy of governance, law, and order in the eyes of the target populations, thereby targeting the gangs' pool of recruitment and support. This paper evaluates the effect of community investment and social inclusion for reducing domestic gang crime by illustrating the similarities between street gang activity in the US and insurgent activity in troubled states. I examine whether and how community policing influences gang crime and find that some of the initiatives by federal, state, local, and tribal governments to invest in community engagement have a significant influence on the number of incidents classified as gang crimes. The results indicate that this subject matter warrants further research.
Book Synopsis Counterinsurgency Strategy--A Path to Effective Policing by : Howard Rahtz
Download or read book Counterinsurgency Strategy--A Path to Effective Policing written by Howard Rahtz and published by Charles C Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2024-08-29 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Counterinsurgency Strategy – A Path to Effective Policing opens with American military action in Mosul, Iraq, in 2003. The civil authority in a city of 1.7 million people had collapsed, government ministry buildings had been looted, and criminal gangs and ethnic conflict raged out of control. General David Petraeus, utilizing the military’s Counterinsurgency Doctrine (COIN), restored security, allowing the re-emergence of the local economy. He worked with the local leaders to hold elections and, in short order, restored civil society. The COIN principles used by General Petraeus in Iraq have application to the violent crime issues plaguing cities in the United States. Increasing disorder in the face of declining police legitimacy and a growing trust gap between police and the communities they serve are analogous to the situation facing military commanders combatting insurgencies. Given the current debate on police militarization occurring across the country, the book reviews the history of police militarization, the provision of military equipment to police through the Department of Defense, and the impact of militarization on police tactics. COIN operational values in the context of the militarization debate are reviewed. A paradox in policing is the growth of militarism concurrent with the movement toward Community Policing. While Community Policing has received significant attention among military COIN adherents, discussion of COIN strategy among police researchers has been nearly nonexistent. This book examines the commonalities of COIN strategy with the philosophy of Community-Oriented Policing. Effective policing efforts to reduce crime and disorder are highlighted, and the role of the COIN strategy in these efforts is reviewed. A detailed guide to adapting COIN strategy and tactics for local police departments is also provided. This book aims to provide for neighborhood safety based on police legitimacy, effective security, and a whole-of-government effort to address local community problems.
Book Synopsis Gang Politics by : Kristian Williams
Download or read book Gang Politics written by Kristian Williams and published by AK Press. This book was released on 2022-06-28 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In three taut essays, Kristian Williams examines our society’s understanding of social and political violence, what gets romanticized, misunderstood, or muddled. He explores the complex intersections between “gangs” of all sorts—cops and criminals, Proud Boys and antifa, Panthers and skinheads—arguing that government and criminality are intimately related, often sharing critical features. As society becomes more polarized and the conviction that things are only going to get worse, and more violent, grows, William’s analysis is a crucial corrective to our simple, unquestioned ideas about the role violence might or should play in our social struggles.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :172 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Gang Crime Prevention and the Need to Foster Innovative Solutions at the Federal Level by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security
Download or read book Gang Crime Prevention and the Need to Foster Innovative Solutions at the Federal Level written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gangs and Law Enforcement by : Linda M. Schmidt
Download or read book Gangs and Law Enforcement written by Linda M. Schmidt and published by Charles C Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2007 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Gangs are on the rise again." This portent of trouble comes from the FBI'S expert on gangs, Linda Schmidt. Today, there are over 30,000 gangs across America and over 800,000 gang members. Gangs are savvy and scarier than ever. Their firepower, military background and lack of restraint have made some city centers too dangerous to patrol. As gang power grows, knowledge is the best antidote and the best inducement to corrective actions. The interviews, street wisdom and advice that are used throughout this book show its heavy dose of reality. Specialist Linda Schmidt goes deep into gang territory without a badge or gun. She uses a lethal mix of wily street smarts, courage, and determination. She possesses the secret weapons of confidence and caring, and the unnerving manner and moral compass of a grandmother. There are very few in law enforcement who have gotten so far beneath the surface of gang life. Linda can look at a wall of graffiti and read the hieroglyphics that predict an impending murder. She has leaned over unidentified corpses on the cold steel of the coroner's table and told their life story by interpreting the codes of their tattoos. Linda's book is a crucial primer for anyone who needs to learn the customs and codes of the gang world. She brings you systematically through the anthropology, psychology and pathology of the gang culture. This book is not an ideology approach but rather a practical book with a set of steps to follow. It provides specific advice and ideas for actions. Interviews, photos, experiences and case studies are included to make the book much more user-friendly to prosecutors, police and corrections officials. One of the goals of this book is to provide all law enforcement (local, state, and federal) with a method for working together to get the best results when dealing with gang cases. It will make law enforcers sit up and take notice. This book will get real results in a short time if it's carefully explained advice is heeded.
Book Synopsis Combating Gang Violence in America by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
Download or read book Combating Gang Violence in America written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crime Wars and Narco Terrorism in the Americas by : Robert J. Bunker
Download or read book Crime Wars and Narco Terrorism in the Americas written by Robert J. Bunker and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2014-07-16 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work marks the 3rd Small Wars Journal—El Centro anthology. Its analyses, crafted by over thirty contributing authors, forms a compilation of the violence and corruption in Mexico plaguing the first year of Enrique Peña Nieto’s presidency. Instances of spillover violence in the United States and the gang and cartel crime wars in other Latin American countries are also chronicled. Spanish language article appendices are additionally incorporated in this important anthology. Dave Dilegge SWJ Editor-in-Chief
Download or read book Don't Shoot written by David M. Kennedy and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2011-11-07 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The remarkable story of David Kennedy's crusade to combat America's plague of gang- and drug-related violence - with methods that have been astonishingly effective across the country. 'If you want to read a book on urban gangs and find out why they exist and why they kill each other, read this ... this is a sociology book, but it's like immersing yourself in The Wire ... When Kennedy says something, you believe him' Scotsman Gang- and drug-related inner-city violence, with its attendant epidemic of incarceration, is the defining crime problem in our country. In some neighborhoods in America, one out of every two hundred young black men is shot to death every year, and few initiatives of government and law enforcement have made much difference. But when David Kennedy, a self-taught and then-unknown criminologist, engineered the "Boston Miracle" in the mid-1990s, he pointed the way toward what few had imagined: a solution. Don't Shoot tells the story of Kennedy's long journey. Riding with beat cops, hanging with gang members, and stoop-sitting with grandmothers, Kennedy found that all parties misunderstood each other, caught in a spiral of racialized anger and distrust. He envisioned an approach in which everyone-gang members, cops, and community members-comes together in what is essentially a huge intervention. Offenders are told that the violence must stop, that even the cops want them to stay alive and out of prison, and that even their families support swift law enforcement if the violence continues. In city after city, the same miracle has followed: violence plummets, drug markets dry up, and the relationship between the police and the community is reset. This is a landmark book, chronicling a paradigm shift in how we address one of America's most shameful social problems. A riveting, page-turning read, it combines the street vérité of The Wire, the social science of Gang Leader for a Day, and the moral urgency and personal journey of Fist Stick Knife Gun. But unlike anybody else, Kennedy shows that there could be an end in sight.
Book Synopsis Urban Street Gang Enforcement by : Edward Connors
Download or read book Urban Street Gang Enforcement written by Edward Connors and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-10 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents strategies to enhance prosecution of gang-related crimes, focusing exclusively on enforcement and prosecution strategies against urban street gangs. Includes a step-by-step guide for designing and implementing a program based on the Model Strategies for Urban Street Enforcement, a demonstration program designed to establish model approaches to prevent and suppress gang violence. Contents: key elements of the gang suppression prototype, planning and analysis, gang info. and intelligence systems, gang suppression operations and tactics, interagency cooperation and collaboration, legal issues, and process and impact evaluation.
Download or read book Street Gangs written by Max G. Manwaring and published by . This book was released on 2005-03-31 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph explains the linkage of contemporary criminal street gangs (that is, the gang phenomenon or third generation gangs) to insurgency in terms of the instability it wreaks upon governments and the concomitant challenge to state sovereignty. Although differences between gangs and insurgents regarding motives and modes of operations exist, this linkage infers that gang phenomena are mutated forms of urban insurgency. In these terms, these "new" nonstate actors must eventually seize political power to guarantee the freedom of action and the commercial environment they want. The common denominator that can link the gang phenomenon to insurgency is that some third generation gangs' and insurgents' ultimate objective is to depose or control the governments of targeted countries. The author identifies those issues that must be taken together and understood as a whole before any effective countermeasures can be taken to deal with the half-criminal and half-political nature of the gang phenomenon. This is a universal compound-complex problem that must be understood on three distinct levels of analysis: first, the gangs phenomena are generating serious domestic and regional instability and insecurity that ranges from personal violence to insurgent to state failure: second, because if their criminal activities and security challenges, the gangs phenomena are exacerbating civil-military and police-military relations problems and reducing effective and civil-military ability to control the national territory; and, third, gangs are helping transitional criminal organizations, insurgents, warlords, and drug barons erode the legitimacy and effective sovereignty of nation-states . The analytical commonality linking these three issues is the inevitable contribution to either (a) failing and failed state status of targeted countries, or (b) deposing or controlling the governments of targeted countries. In these terms, we must remember that crime and instability are only symptoms of the threat. The ultimate threat is either state failure or the violent imposition of a radical socio-economic-political restructuring of the state and its governance. In describing the gang phenomenon as a simple mutation of a violent act we label as insurgency, we mischaracterize the activities of nonstate organizations that are attempting to take control of the state. We traditionally think of insurgency as primarily a military activity, and we think of gangs as a simple law-enforcement problem. Yet, insurgents and third generation gangs are engaged in a highly complex political act-political war. Under these conditions, police and military forces would provide personal and collective security and stability, while they and other governmental institutions combat the root causes of instability and political war-injustice, repression, inequity, and corruption. The intent would be to generate the political-economic-social development that will define the processes of national reform, regeneration, and wellbeing. The challenge, then, is to come to terms with the fact that contemporary security and stability, at whatever level, is at base a holistic political-diplomatic, socio economic, psychological-moral, and military police effort. This monograph concludes with implications and strategic level recommendations derived from the instability, civil-military jurisdiction, and sovereignty issues noted above that will help leaders achieve strategic clarity and operate more effectively in the complex politically dominated, contemporary global security arena.
Book Synopsis Nontraditional Organized Crime by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Nontraditional Organized Crime written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gangs, a National Crisis by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
Download or read book Gangs, a National Crisis written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Policing Gangs in America by : Charles M. Katz
Download or read book Policing Gangs in America written by Charles M. Katz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-01-09 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policing Gangs in America describes the assumptions, issues, problems, and events that characterize, shape, and define the police response to gangs in America today. The focus of this 2006 book is on the gang unit officers themselves and the environment in which they work. A discussion of research, statistical facts, theory, and policy with regard to gangs, gang members, and gang activity is used as a backdrop. The book is broadly focused on describing how gang units respond to community gang problems, and answers such questions as: why do police agencies organize their responses to gangs in certain ways? Who are the people who elect to police gangs? How do they make sense of gang members - individuals who spark fear in most citizens? What are their jobs really like? What characterizes their working environment? How do their responses to the gang problem fit with other policing strategies, such as community policing?
Book Synopsis Looking Beyond Suppression by : Erika Gebo
Download or read book Looking Beyond Suppression written by Erika Gebo and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2012 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book significantly contributes to the knowledge on how to address gang problems from a broad community perspective, which takes into account criminal justice agencies, social service providers, and community leaders, along with police, who have implemented collaborative anti-gang policies and practices. As community-wide efforts become more common, it is increasingly important to investigate effective strategies to address social problems. Beyond Suppression: Community Strategies to Reduce Gang Violence explores a demonstration project of one state's efforts to reduce gang and youth violence through use of a comprehensive initiative, the Comprehensive Gang Model (CGM). The relevance of the CGM as a conceptual framework to guide gang policy and practice is illustrated throughout the book, and tailored gang reduction strategies derived from that framework and rooted in the ecological constitution of communities are showcased. The chapters highlight implementation strategies employed by various communities using a case study methodology that assists in garnering an in-depth perspective of implementation issues and key dimensions of the CGM. This book answers important questions about how communities operationalize the CGM. The results of these investigations are important for scholars, learners, and practitioners who seek to address gang violence using a customized response.
Book Synopsis Combating Gang Violence in America by : United States Senate
Download or read book Combating Gang Violence in America written by United States Senate and published by . This book was released on 2020-01-08 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combating gang violence in America: examining effective federal, state, and local law enforcement strategies: hearing before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Eighth Congress, first session, September 17, 2003.
Book Synopsis Policing the Planet by : Christina Heatherton
Download or read book Policing the Planet written by Christina Heatherton and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2016-05-24 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining firsthand accounts from activists with the research of scholars and reflections from artists, Policing the Planet traces the global spread of the broken-windows policing strategy, first established in New York City under Police Commissioner William Bratton. It's a doctrine that has vastly broadened police power the world over-to deadly effect. With contributions from #BlackLivesMatter cofounder Patrisse Cullors, Ferguson activist and Law Professor Justin Hansford, Director of New York-based Communities United for Police Reform Joo-Hyun Kang, poet Martn Espada, and journalist Anjali Kamat, as well as articles from leading scholars Ruth Wilson Gilmore, Robin D. G. Kelley, Naomi Murakawa, Vijay Prashad, and more, Policing the Planet describes ongoing struggles from New York to Baltimore to Los Angeles, London, San Juan, San Salvador, and beyond.
Download or read book Violent Crime written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
