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Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309316278
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use by adolescents and young adults poses serious concerns. Nearly all adults who have ever smoked daily first tried a cigarette before 26 years of age. Current cigarette use among adults is highest among persons aged 21 to 25 years. The parts of the brain most responsible for cognitive and psychosocial maturity continue to develop and change through young adulthood, and adolescent brains are uniquely vulnerable to the effects of nicotine. At the request of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products considers the likely public health impact of raising the minimum age for purchasing tobacco products. The report reviews the existing literature on tobacco use patterns, developmental biology and psychology, health effects of tobacco use, and the current landscape regarding youth access laws, including minimum age laws and their enforcement. Based on this literature, the report makes conclusions about the likely effect of raising the minimum age to 19, 21, and 25 years on tobacco use initiation. The report also quantifies the accompanying public health outcomes based on findings from two tobacco use simulation models. According to the report, raising the minimum age of legal access to tobacco products, particularly to ages 21 and 25, will lead to substantial reductions in tobacco use, improve the health of Americans across the lifespan, and save lives. Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products will be a valuable reference for federal policy makers and state and local health departments and legislators.

Access to Justice in Arbitration

Author : Leonardo de Oliveira
Publisher : Kluwer Law International
ISBN 13 : 9789403506913
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (69 download)

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Book Synopsis Access to Justice in Arbitration by : Leonardo de Oliveira

Download or read book Access to Justice in Arbitration written by Leonardo de Oliveira and published by Kluwer Law International. This book was released on 2020-11-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Access to Justice in Arbitration Concept, Context and Practice Edited by Leonardo V P de Oliveira & Sara Hourani The exponential growth of arbitration beyond commercial and investment matters, reaching disputes that have traditionally been decided by courts - such as labour and employment, sports, and competition disputes, and those involving human rights violations - raises questions about the impact of this expansion on access to justice. This collection of essays by arbitral practitioners, academics, and arbitral institution officials presents, for the first time, an in-depth analysis of the role access to justice plays in arbitration. Overall, the book assesses how access to justice can be guaranteed in arbitration and, in particular, shows how access to justice works in various types of arbitration. The book and its contributions will be of immeasurable value in determining the practical application of such concerns as the following: when issues of access to justice can be raised in arbitral disputes and when violations of access to justice can be challenged; ramifications of arbitration clauses in contracts; ensuring fairness and efficiency arising from technological innovations applied to arbitration; legal framework applicable to online dispute resolution and blockchain-based arbitration, especially with regard to recognition and enforcement; and access to justice in arbitrations involving sexual harassment. The book concludes with three chapters on access to justice under the rules of arbitral institutions as revealed by studies of the World Intellectual Property Organisation, the Singapore International Arbitration Centre, and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes. Arbitration provides a final binding decision that can be challenged on very limited grounds; thus, with arbitration settling disputes that were originally a prerogative of the judiciary, securing fairness in such procedures is paramount to the survival of arbitration. For this reason, arbitration practitioners, institutions, and academics will appreciate this deeply-informed analysis and commentary on a crucial aspect of a highly significant and rapidly evolving area of practice.

Access to Justice

Author : Deborah L. Rhode
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190286660
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Access to Justice by : Deborah L. Rhode

Download or read book Access to Justice written by Deborah L. Rhode and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-09-23 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Equal Justice Under Law" is one of America's most proudly proclaimed and widely violated legal principles. But it comes nowhere close to describing the legal system in practice. Millions of Americans lack any access to justice, let alone equal access. Worse, the increasing centrality of law in American life and its growing complexity has made access to legal assistance critical for all citizens. Yet according to most estimates about four-fifths of the legal needs of the poor, and two- to three-fifths of the needs of middle-income individuals remain unmet. This book reveals the inequities of legal assistance in America, from the lack of access to educational services and health benefits to gross injustices in the criminal defense system. It proposes a specific agenda for change, offering tangible reforms for coordinating comprehensive systems for the delivery of legal services, maximizing individual's opportunities to represent themselves, and making effective legal services more affordable for all Americans who need them.

Legal access rights to health care

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240000151
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Legal access rights to health care by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Legal access rights to health care written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2020-02-20 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Access to Justice and Legal Aid

Author : Asher Flynn
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1509900853
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Access to Justice and Legal Aid by : Asher Flynn

Download or read book Access to Justice and Legal Aid written by Asher Flynn and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book considers how access to justice is affected by restrictions to legal aid budgets and increasingly prescriptive service guidelines. As common law jurisdictions, England and Wales and Australia, share similar ideals, policies and practices, but they differ in aspects of their legal and political culture, in the nature of the communities they serve and in their approaches to providing access to justice. These jurisdictions thus provide us with different perspectives on what constitutes justice and how we might seek to overcome the burgeoning crisis in unmet legal need. The book fills an important gap in existing scholarship as the first to bring together new empirical and theoretical knowledge examining different responses to legal aid crises both in the domestic and comparative contexts, across criminal, civil and family law. It achieves this by examining the broader social, political, legal, health and welfare impacts of legal aid cuts and prescriptive service guidelines. Across both jurisdictions, this work suggests that it is the most vulnerable groups who lose out in the way the law now operates in the twenty-first century. This book is essential reading for academics, students, practitioners and policymakers interested in criminal and civil justice, access to justice, the provision of legal assistance and legal aid.

Codification of Presidential Proclamations and Executive Orders

Author : United States. President
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 996 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Codification of Presidential Proclamations and Executive Orders by : United States. President

Download or read book Codification of Presidential Proclamations and Executive Orders written by United States. President and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 996 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Teaching Legal Research and Providing Access to Electronic Resources

Author : Gary Hill
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131794805X
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis Teaching Legal Research and Providing Access to Electronic Resources by : Gary Hill

Download or read book Teaching Legal Research and Providing Access to Electronic Resources written by Gary Hill and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-04-14 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teaching Legal Research and Providing Access to Electronic Resources is an essential guidebook to teaching lawyers and legal researchers how to find the information they need. Law librarians and reference librarians will welcome its timely, effective, and innovative techniques for facilitating their patrons’legal research. According to the MacCrate Report, legal research is one of the ten essential skills for practicing law, and educating users in research skills is a crucial part of the law librarian’s job. Teaching Legal Research and Providing Access to Electronic Resources provides you with techniques for training your patrons in effective search strategies. This comprehensive volume will help you offer much more than a list of information on where the data is located. This helpful volume covers the full range of both users and resources, from helping first-year law students find cases in print to helping attorneys learn to use new Web sites and search engines. Its range includes academic, company, and public law libraries. Teaching Legal Research and Providing Access to Electronic Resources discusses formal ways to teach the skills of research, such as scheduled workshops, one-on-one tutorials, for-credit courses in law schools, and CLE-credit courses in law firms. In addition, it offers hints for seizing the teaching moment when a patron needs help doing research. Teaching Legal Research and Providing Access to Electronic Resources presents practical advice for all aspects of patron education, including: the rival merits of process-oriented versus results-oriented learning strategies; coordinating library education programs with courses in legal writing; teaching foreign and international legal research; using learning style theory for more effective classes; helping patrons overcome computer anxiety; lower-cost alternatives to Lexis-Nexis and Westlaw; using technology to deliver reference services.

Beyond Elite Law

Author : Samuel Estreicher
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316654095
Total Pages : 757 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (166 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Elite Law by : Samuel Estreicher

Download or read book Beyond Elite Law written by Samuel Estreicher and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 757 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are Americans making under $50,000 a year compelled to navigate the legal system on their own, or do they simply give up because they cannot afford lawyers? We know anecdotally that Americans of median or lower income generally do without legal representation or resort to a sector of the legal profession that - because of the sheer volume of claims, inadequate training, and other causes - provides deficient representation and advice. This book poses the question: can we - at the current level of resources, both public and private - better address the legal needs of all Americans? Leading judges, researchers, and activists discuss the role of technology, pro bono services, bar association resources, affordable solo and small firm fees, public service internships, and law student and nonlawyer representation.

Access to Legal Norms

Author : Council of Europe
Publisher : Council of Europe
ISBN 13 : 9789287143778
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (437 download)

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Book Synopsis Access to Legal Norms by : Council of Europe

Download or read book Access to Legal Norms written by Council of Europe and published by Council of Europe. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For any state governed by the rule of law it is essential that laws are codified and accessible. This conference looked at the issues involved in the dissemination of legal information.

Model Rules of Professional Conduct

Author : American Bar Association. House of Delegates
Publisher : American Bar Association
ISBN 13 : 9781590318737
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (187 download)

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Book Synopsis Model Rules of Professional Conduct by : American Bar Association. House of Delegates

Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.

The People's Right to Know

Author : Harold L. Cross
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The People's Right to Know by : Harold L. Cross

Download or read book The People's Right to Know written by Harold L. Cross and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

O'CONNOR'S FEDERAL RULES

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781731925510
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (255 download)

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Book Synopsis O'CONNOR'S FEDERAL RULES by :

Download or read book O'CONNOR'S FEDERAL RULES written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Legal Needs Surveys and Access to Justice

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264309535
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (643 download)

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Book Synopsis Legal Needs Surveys and Access to Justice by : OECD

Download or read book Legal Needs Surveys and Access to Justice written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-05-31 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report offers an empirical tool to help planners, statisticians, policy makers and advocates understand people's everyday legal problems and experience with the justice system. It sets out a framework for the conceptualisation, implementation and analysis of legal needs surveys and is ...

Legal and Ethical Issues for Health Professionals

Author : George D. Pozgar
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN 13 : 1284290344
Total Pages : 505 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (842 download)

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Book Synopsis Legal and Ethical Issues for Health Professionals by : George D. Pozgar

Download or read book Legal and Ethical Issues for Health Professionals written by George D. Pozgar and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2023-03-31 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legal and Ethical Issues for Health Professionals, 6th Edition, has been designed to assist the reader in a more comfortable transition from the didactics of the classroom to the practical application in the workplace. The 6th Edition provides the reader with a clearer understanding of how the law and ethics are intertwined as they relate to health care dilemmas. The 6th Edition, as with previous editions, has been designed to introduce the reader to various ethical–legal issues and should not be considered an in-depth or comprehensive review of a particular ethical–legal issue. The book is a call to arms to do good things, to stand out from the crowd, because acts of caring, compassion, and kindness often go unnoticed.

A Guide to Designing Legal Frameworks to Determine Access to Genetic Resources

Author : Lyle Glowka
Publisher : IUCN
ISBN 13 : 2831704286
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis A Guide to Designing Legal Frameworks to Determine Access to Genetic Resources by : Lyle Glowka

Download or read book A Guide to Designing Legal Frameworks to Determine Access to Genetic Resources written by Lyle Glowka and published by IUCN. This book was released on 1998 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights some of the principles which should be considered by planners, legislative drafters, and policy-makers as they work to develop legal frameworks on access to genetic resources in their countries. Contextual information on the Convention on Biological Diversity and examples of how countries have approached the issue to date are provided.

The Ceylon Law Reports

Author : Ceylon. Supreme Court
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Ceylon Law Reports by : Ceylon. Supreme Court

Download or read book The Ceylon Law Reports written by Ceylon. Supreme Court and published by . This book was released on 1892 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Alwd Citation Manual

Author : Darby Dickerson
Publisher : Aspen Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9780735595415
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (954 download)

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Book Synopsis Alwd Citation Manual by : Darby Dickerson

Download or read book Alwd Citation Manual written by Darby Dickerson and published by Aspen Publishers. This book was released on 2010-06-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ALWD Citation Manual: A Professional System of Citation, now in its Fourth Edition, upholds a single and consistent system of citation for all forms of legal writing. Clearly and attractively presented in an easy-to-use format, edited by Darby Dickerson, a leading authority on American legal citation, the ALWD Citation Manual is simply an outstanding teaching tool. Endorsed by the Association of Legal Writing Directors, (ALWD), a nationwide society of legal writing program directors, the ALWD Citation Manual: A Professional System of Citation, features a single, consistent, logical system of citation that can be used for any type of legal document complete coverage of the citation rules that includes: - basic citation - citation for primary and secondary sources - citation of electronic sources - how to incorporate citations into documents - how to quote material and edit quotes properly - court-specific citation formats, commonly used abbreviations, and a sample legal memorandum with proper citation in the Appendices two-color page design that flags key points and highlights examples Fast Formatsquick guides for double-checking citations and Sidebars with facts and tips for avoiding common problems diagrams and charts that illustrate citation style at a glance The Fourth Edition provides facsimiles of research sources that a first-year law student would use, annotated with the elements in each citation and a sample citation for each flexible citation options for (1) the United States as a party to a suit and (2) using contractions in abbreviations new rules addressing citation of interdisciplinary sources (e.g., plays, concerts, operas) and new technology (e.g., Twitter, e-readers, YouTube video) updated examples throughout the text expanded list of law reviews in Appendix 5 Indispensable by design, the ALWD Citation Manual: A Professional System of Citation, Fourth Edition, keeps on getting better