Learnability And Linguistic Theory

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Learnability and Linguistic Theory

Author : R.J. Matthews
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400909551
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Learnability and Linguistic Theory by : R.J. Matthews

Download or read book Learnability and Linguistic Theory written by R.J. Matthews and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impetus for this volume developed from the 1982 University of Western Ontario Learnability Workshop, which was organized by the editors and sponsored by that University's Department of Philosophy and the Centre for Cognitive Science. The volume e~plores the import of learnability theory for contemporary linguistic theory, focusing on foundational learning-theoretic issues associated with the parametrized Government-Binding (G-B) framework. Written by prominent re searchers in the field, all but two of the eight contributions are pre viously unpublished. The editor's introduction provides an overview that interrelates the separate papers and elucidates the foundational issues addressed by the volume. Osherson, Stob, and Weinstein's "Learning Theory and Natural Language" first appeared in Cognition (1984); Matthews's "The Plausi bility of Rationalism" was published in the Journal of Philosophy (1984). The editors would like to thank the publishers for permission to reprint these papers. Mr. Marin Marinov assisted with the preparation of the indices for the volume. VB ROBERT 1. MATTHEWS INTRODUCTION: LEARNABILITY AND LINGUISTIC THEORY 1. INTRODUCTION Formal learning theory, as the name suggests, studies the learnability of different classes of formal objects (languages, grammars, theories, etc.) under different formal models of learning. The specification of such a model, which specifies (a) a learning environment, (b) a learn ing strategy, and (c) a criterion for successful learning, determines (d) a class of formal objects, namely, the class that can be acquired to the level of the specified success criterion by a learner implementing the specified strategy in the specified enviroment.

Empiricism and Language Learnability

Author : Nick Chater
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191053589
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Empiricism and Language Learnability by : Nick Chater

Download or read book Empiricism and Language Learnability written by Nick Chater and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2015-07-09 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This interdisciplinary new work explores one of the central theoretical problems in linguistics: learnability. The authors, from different backgrounds—-linguistics, philosophy, computer science, psychology and cognitive science-explore the idea that language acquisition proceeds through general purpose learning mechanisms, an approach that is broadly empiricist both methodologically and psychologically. For many years, the empiricist approach has been taken to be unfeasible on practical and theoretical grounds. In the book, the authors present a variety of precisely specified mathematical and computational results that show that empiricist approaches can form a viable solution to the problem of language acquisition. It assumes limited technical background and explains the fundamental principles of probability, grammatical description and learning theory in an accessible and non-technical way. Different chapters address the problem of language acquisition using different assumptions: looking at the methodology of linguistic analysis using simplicity based criteria, using computational experiments on real corpora, using theoretical analysis using probabilistic learning theory, and looking at the computational problems involved in learning richly structured grammars. Written by four researchers in the full range of relevant fields: linguistics (John Goldsmith), psychology (Nick Chater), computer science (Alex Clark), and cognitive science (Amy Perfors), the book sheds light on the central problems of learnability and language, and traces their implications for key questions of theoretical linguistics and the study of language acquisition.

Learnability in Optimality Theory

Author : Bruce Tesar
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262264884
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Learnability in Optimality Theory by : Bruce Tesar

Download or read book Learnability in Optimality Theory written by Bruce Tesar and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000-05-08 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting the close relationship between linguistic explanation and learnability, Bruce Tesar and Paul Smolensky examine the implications of Optimality Theory (OT) for language learnability. Highlighting the close relationship between linguistic explanation and learnability, Bruce Tesar and Paul Smolensky examine the implications of Optimality Theory (OT) for language learnability. They show how the core principles of OT lead to the learning principle of constraint demotion, the basis for a family of algorithms that infer constraint rankings from linguistic forms. Of primary concern to the authors are the ambiguity of the data received by the learner and the resulting interdependence of the core grammar and the structural analysis of overt linguistic forms. The authors argue that iterative approaches to interdependencies, inspired by work in statistical learning theory, can be successfully adapted to address the interdependencies of language learning. Both OT and Constraint Demotion play critical roles in their adaptation. The authors support their findings both formally and through simulations. They also illustrate how their approach could be extended to other language learning issues, including subset relations and the learning of phonological underlying forms.

Learnability and the Lexicon

Author : Alan Juffs
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027224781
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Learnability and the Lexicon by : Alan Juffs

Download or read book Learnability and the Lexicon written by Alan Juffs and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a critical review of recent theories of semantics-syntax correspondences and makes new proposals for constraints on semantic structure relevant to syntax. Data from several languages are presented which suggest that semantic structure in root morphemes is subject to parametric variation which has effect across a variety of verb classes, including locatives, unaccusatives, and psych verbs.The implications for first and second language acquisition are discussed. In particular, it is suggested that different parametric settings may lead to a learnability problem if adult learners do not retain access to sensitivity to underlying semantic organization and morphological differences between languages provided by Universal Grammar.An experiment with Chinese-speaking learners of English is presented which shows that learners initially transfer L1 semantic organization to the L2, but are able to retreat from overgeneralisations and achieve native-like grammars in this area.Suggestions for further research in this rapidly developing area of theory and acquisition research are also made.

Syntactic Theory and First Language Acquisition

Author : (Vol.1)Barbara Lust
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317728831
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Syntactic Theory and First Language Acquisition by : (Vol.1)Barbara Lust

Download or read book Syntactic Theory and First Language Acquisition written by (Vol.1)Barbara Lust and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Universal Grammar (UG) is a theory of both the fundamental principles for all possible languages and the language faculty in the "initial state" of the human organism. These two volumes approach the study of UG by joint, tightly linked studies of both linguistic theory and human competence for language acquisition. In particular, the volumes collect comparable studies across a number of different languages, carefully analyzed by a wide range of international scholars. The issues surrounding cross-linguistic variation in "Heads, Projections, and Learnability" (Volume 1) and in "Binding, Dependencies, and Learnability" (Volume 2) are arguably the most fundamental in UG. How can principles of grammar be learned by general learning theory? What is biologically programmed in the human species in order to guarantee their learnability? What is the true linguistic representation for these areas of language knowledge? What universals exist across languages? The two volumes summarize the most critical current proposals in each area, and offer both theoretical and empirical evidence bearing on them. Research on first language acquisition and formal learnability theory is placed at the center of debates relative to linguistic theory in each area. The convergence of research across several different disciplines -- linguistics, developmental psychology, and computer science -- represented in these volumes provides a paradigm example of cognitive science.

Language Acquisition and Learnability

Author : Stefano Bertolo
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521641494
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (414 download)

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Book Synopsis Language Acquisition and Learnability by : Stefano Bertolo

Download or read book Language Acquisition and Learnability written by Stefano Bertolo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-05-17 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language Acquisition and Learnability is an accessible introduction to learnability theory and its interactions with linguistic theories. Working within the Principles and Parameters framework, the book surveys general concepts from formal learning theory and complexity theory, together with important findings from developmental psycholinguistics, historical linguistics and language processing. Fully integrated, and complete with a large number of exercises to test readers on their understanding of the material, this book will become essential reading for students and researchers in linguistic theory.

Language Learnability and L2 Phonology

Author : J. Archibald
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401120560
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Language Learnability and L2 Phonology by : J. Archibald

Download or read book Language Learnability and L2 Phonology written by J. Archibald and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book Archibald describes two studies conducted within a parametric framework in the area of second language acquisition. The studies are designed to investigate the acquisition of English stress patterns (via both production and perception tasks) by adult speakers of Polish and Hungarian. Archibald argues that interlanguage grammars can be understood as a mix of L1 transfer and the effects of Universal Grammar. Metrical parameters related to such things as quantity--sensitivity, extrametricality, and word--tree dominance determine the structure of the interlanguage. The author reports that the subjects are remarkably successful at acquiring English stress and do not appear to violate proposed universals of metrical phonology. This book is one of the few attempts to investigate the acquisition of L2 phonology within a UG framework. Empirical support is provided for the parametric model to an extent uncommon in most syntactic studies.

Universal Grammar and Language Learnability

Author : Anjum P. Saleemi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521400756
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Universal Grammar and Language Learnability by : Anjum P. Saleemi

Download or read book Universal Grammar and Language Learnability written by Anjum P. Saleemi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992-03-26 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anjum P. Saleemi argues that the acquisition of language as a cognitive system can properly be understood by pairing the formal approach to learning, often known as learnability theory, with Chomsky's theory of Universal Grammar and its claim that human language is innately constrained, with some predefined space for variation. Focusing on specific areas of syntax, such as binding theory and the null subject parameter, Dr Saleemi unites learnability theory's methodology with Chomsky's principles-and-parameters model, and construes acquisition as a function of linguistic principles with largely domain-specific learning procedures, mediated by environmental input. The aim of this study is to show that a self-contained linguistic theory cannot by itself be psychologically plausible, but depends on a compatible theory of learning which embraces developmental as well as formal issues.

Interlanguage and Learnability

Author : Virginia Yip
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027224773
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Interlanguage and Learnability by : Virginia Yip

Download or read book Interlanguage and Learnability written by Virginia Yip and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates a set of structures characteristic of Chinese speakers' English interlanguage (CIL) in the light of grammatical theory and principles of learnability. As a study of CIL grammar, it illuminates both the theory of interlanguage syntax in general and some specific problems in the acquisition of English by Chinese L1 learners. A set of interrelated structures are investigated, including topicalization, passive, ergative, tough movement and existential constructions. The interlanguage is approached through the comparative syntax of the relevant L1 and L2 constructions, combining insights from Chomskyan Universal Grammar and typological research. CIL proves to be permeable to Chinese typological influence and bears topic-prominent characteristics, while showing effects of language universals. A parallel theme of the book is the question of learnability in the context of second language acquisition. The Subset and Uniqueness Principles are adapted to the L2 context so as to account for learning difficulty as well as successful acquisition. Under-generation and over-generation of the interlanguage and target constructions give rise to learnability problems which are formulated in terms of set relations at the level of individual constructions. The Uniqueness Principle is invoked to motivate preemption of overgenerated forms. The interaction of syntax and semantics plays a crucial role in the formulation and resolution of these learnability problems. General conceptual issues raised by the Subset and Uniqueness Principles are also discussed.

Universal Grammar and Language Learnability

Author : Anjum P. Saleemi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Universal Grammar and Language Learnability by : Anjum P. Saleemi

Download or read book Universal Grammar and Language Learnability written by Anjum P. Saleemi and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anjum P. Saleemi argues that the acquisition of language as a cognitive system can properly be understood by pairing the formal approach to learning, often known as learnability theory, with Chomsky's theory of Universal Grammar and its claim that human language is innately constrained, with some predefined space for variation. Focusing on specific areas of syntax, such as binding theory and the null subject parameter, Dr Saleemi unites learnability theory's methodology with Chomsky's principles-and-parameters model, and construes acquisition as a function of linguistic principles with largely domain-specific learning procedures, mediated by environmental input. The aim of this study is to show that a self-contained linguistic theory cannot by itself be psychologically plausible, but depends on a compatible theory of learning which embraces developmental as well as formal issues.

Learnability and Cognition, new edition

Author : Steven Pinker
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262314282
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Learnability and Cognition, new edition by : Steven Pinker

Download or read book Learnability and Cognition, new edition written by Steven Pinker and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A classic book about language acquisition and conceptual structure, with a new preface by the author, "The Secret Life of Verbs." Before Steven Pinker wrote bestsellers on language and human nature, he wrote several technical monographs on language acquisition that have become classics in cognitive science. Learnability and Cognition, first published in 1989, brought together two big topics: how do children learn their mother tongue, and how does the mind represent basic categories of meaning such as space, time, causality, agency, and goals? The stage for this synthesis was set by the fact that when children learn a language, they come to make surprisingly subtle distinctions: pour water into the glass and fill the glass with water sound natural, but pour the glass with water and fill water into the glass sound odd. How can this happen, given that children are not reliably corrected for uttering odd sentences, and they don't just parrot back the correct ones they hear from their parents? Pinker resolves this paradox with a theory of how children acquire the meaning and uses of verbs, and explores that theory's implications for language, thought, and the relationship between them. As Pinker writes in a new preface, "The Secret Life of Verbs," the phenomena and ideas he explored in this book inspired his 2007 bestseller The Stuff of Thought: Language as a Window into Human Nature. These technical discussions, he notes, provide insight not just into language acquisition but into literary metaphor, scientific understanding, political discourse, and even the conceptions of sexuality that go into obscenity.

Theoretical Issues in Language Acquisition

Author : Juergen Weissenborn
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134746695
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)

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Book Synopsis Theoretical Issues in Language Acquisition by : Juergen Weissenborn

Download or read book Theoretical Issues in Language Acquisition written by Juergen Weissenborn and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent linguistic theory, there has been an explosion of detailed studies of language variation. This volume applies such recent analyses to the study of child language, developing new approaches to change and variation in child grammars and revealing both early knowledge in several areas of grammar and a period of extended development in others. Topics dealt with include question formation, "subjectless" sentences, object gaps, rules for missing subject interpretation, passive sentences, rules for pronoun interpretation and argument structure. Leading developmental linguists and psycholinguists show how linguistic theory can help define and inform a theory of the dynamics of language development and its biological basis, meeting the growing need for such studies in programs in linguistics, psychology, and cognitive science.

Linguistic Theory in Second Language Acquisition

Author : S. Flynn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400927339
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Linguistic Theory in Second Language Acquisition by : S. Flynn

Download or read book Linguistic Theory in Second Language Acquisition written by S. Flynn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suzanne Flynn and Wayne O'Neil Massachusetts Institute of Technology I. INTRODUCTION The theory of Universal Grammar (UG) as explicated e. g. in Chomsky, 1986, has led to explosive developments in the study of natural language as well as to significant advances in the study of first language (L I) acquisition. Most recently. the theory of UG has led to important theore tical and empirical advances in the field of adult second language (L2) acquisition as well. The principle impetus for this development can be traced to the work in linguistics which shifted the study "from behavior or the products of behavior to states of the mind/brain that enter into behavior" (Chomksy. 1986:3). Grammars within this framework are conceived of as theoretical accounts of "the state of the mind/brain of the person who knows a particular language" (Chomsky. 1986:3). Research within fields of language acquisition seeks to isolate and specify the properties of the underlying competence necessary for language learning. Full development of a theory of UG demands study and understanding of the nature of both the formal properties of language and of the language acquisition process itself. However. while there is a tradition of debate and dialogue established between theoretical linguistics and Ll acquisition research. relatively few connections have been made between linguistic theory and L2 acquisition research.

Deep Learning and Linguistic Representation

Author : Shalom Lappin
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000380327
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Deep Learning and Linguistic Representation by : Shalom Lappin

Download or read book Deep Learning and Linguistic Representation written by Shalom Lappin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-04-26 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of deep learning methods to problems in natural language processing has generated significant progress across a wide range of natural language processing tasks. For some of these applications, deep learning models now approach or surpass human performance. While the success of this approach has transformed the engineering methods of machine learning in artificial intelligence, the significance of these achievements for the modelling of human learning and representation remains unclear. Deep Learning and Linguistic Representation looks at the application of a variety of deep learning systems to several cognitively interesting NLP tasks. It also considers the extent to which this work illuminates our understanding of the way in which humans acquire and represent linguistic knowledge. Key Features: combines an introduction to deep learning in AI and NLP with current research on Deep Neural Networks in computational linguistics. is self-contained and suitable for teaching in computer science, AI, and cognitive science courses; it does not assume extensive technical training in these areas. provides a compact guide to work on state of the art systems that are producing a revolution across a range of difficult natural language tasks.

Essays on Restrictiveness and Learnability

Author : H. Lasnik
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0792306287
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (923 download)

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Book Synopsis Essays on Restrictiveness and Learnability by : H. Lasnik

Download or read book Essays on Restrictiveness and Learnability written by H. Lasnik and published by Springer. This book was released on 1990-07-31 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles collected in this book are concerned with the issues of restrictiveness and learnability within generative grammar, specifically, within Chomsky's 'Extended Standard Theory'. These issues have been central to syntactic research for decades and they are even more central now as results on syntactic theory, on learnability, and on acquisition begin to converge. I hope that this book can provide researchers in all of these areas with some insight into the evolution of ideas about these issues. The articles appear in their original form, with the following exceptions: A few typographical and other minor errors have been corrected; bibliog raphic references have been updated and a unified bibliography provided. I would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge my vast intellec tual debt to Noam Chomsky. My research would not have been possible without his work, his advice, and his guidance. Next, I offer deep thanks to Chomsky and my other co-authors represented here: Bob Fiengo, Joe Kupin, Bob Freidin, and Mamoru Saito. I am grateful, indeed, for the opportunity to collaborate with such outstanding linguists, and, more immediately, for their permission to reprint their co-authored articles. I also offer general thanks to the holders of the copyrights of the reprinted material. Specific acknowledgements appear on a separate page.

Language Learnability and Language Development

Author : Steven Pinker
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674042174
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Language Learnability and Language Development by : Steven Pinker

Download or read book Language Learnability and Language Development written by Steven Pinker and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this influential study, Steven Pinker develops a new approach to the problem of language learning. Now reprinted with new commentary by the author, this classic work continues to be an indispensable resource in developmental psycholinguistics.

Teachability and Learnability Across Languages

Author : Ragnar Arntzen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789027203120
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Teachability and Learnability Across Languages by : Ragnar Arntzen

Download or read book Teachability and Learnability Across Languages written by Ragnar Arntzen and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teachability and Learnability across Languages addresses key issues in second, foreign and heritage language acquisition, as well as in language teaching. Focusing on a Processability Theory perspective, it brings together empirical studies of language acquisition, language teaching, and language assessment. For the first time, a research timeline for the role of instruction in language learning is presented, showing how the field of second language acquisition (SLA) research has developed over the last four decades since Pienemann's work on learnability and syllabus construction over the 1980s. The book includes studies of child and adult second as well as foreign language acquisition research, covering a wide range of target languages including English, German, Hungarian, Japanese, Norwegian, Polish, Spanish, Swedish, and Turkish. In addition, future extensions of PT are discussed. This volume is designed for advanced students in international programs of SLA and Applied Linguistics as well as for SLA researchers and second and foreign language teachers.