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Le Massif Armoricain Dans Levolution Mesozoique Et Cenozoique Du Nord Ouest De Leurope
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Download or read book Quaternaire written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Act to Temporarily Restrict the Ability to Document Foreign-Built Fish Processing Vessels Under the Laws of the United States by : United States
Download or read book An Act to Temporarily Restrict the Ability to Document Foreign-Built Fish Processing Vessels Under the Laws of the United States written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geology of Europe written by Jean Cogné and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The TRANSMED Atlas. The Mediterranean Region from Crust to Mantle by : William Cavazza
Download or read book The TRANSMED Atlas. The Mediterranean Region from Crust to Mantle written by William Cavazza and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A publication of the Mediterranean Consortium for the 32nd International Geological Congress
Book Synopsis Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London by : Royal Society (Great Britain)
Download or read book Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London written by Royal Society (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains papers on mathematics or physics. Continued by Philosophical transactions, Physical sciences and engineering and Philosophical transactions, Mathematical, physical and engineering sciences.
Download or read book Geodinamica Acta written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Le Massif Armoricain Dans L'évolution Mésozoïque Et Cénozoïque Du Nord-ouest de L'Europe by : Olivier Dugué
Download or read book Le Massif Armoricain Dans L'évolution Mésozoïque Et Cénozoïque Du Nord-ouest de L'Europe written by Olivier Dugué and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L’individualité sédimentaire et paléogéographique du Massif armoricain, telle qu’elle apparaît au cours de l’évolution mésozoïque puis cénozoïque du Bassin parisien est acquise dès la fin du Précambrien avec l’orogenèse cadomienne et la montée des plutons de la Mancellia, puis parachevée lors de l’orogenèse hercynienne. La cratonisation du Massif armoricain procure une rigidité structurale, avec l’axe Central NW-SE de la Mancellia délimitant deux compartiments tendant à basculer tout au long du Mésozoïque : le compartiment septentrional (versant normand) vers le NE, à plusieurs reprises ; le compartiment méridional (versant manceau), vers le SE. Le craton est entouré par un fossé subsident au Nord (rift de la Manche) et à l’Est, le sillon marneux péri-armoricain au droit de la Vallée de la Seine. Le bloc armoricain est également localisé au centre de trois domaines géodynamiques actifs : la Téthys ligure au Sud s’ouvrant d’Est en Ouest, l’océan atlantique sur sa façade occidentale et s’ouvrant vers le Nord et les rifts de la Mer du Nord au Nord-Est. Leurs évolutions géodynamiques s’inscrivent dans la fragmentation mésozoïque de la Pangée et le régime distensif qui affecte la plaque eurasiatique. Le recouvrement saccadé de l’Armorique par la transgression mésozoïque explique dans le détail, des cycles de transgression/régression (cycles 2e ordre) variables en nombre et en intensité, d’une bordure à l’autre du Bassin anglo-parisien. Après l’érosion continentale des reliefs au Trias supérieur, la transgression jurassique recouvre tardivement la bordure occidentale du Bassin parisien (fin du Sinémurien). Les nombreux écueils rocheux y contrôlent tout à la fois le courantologie des eaux, la nature et la répartition des dépôts, la dispersion des faunes. La sédimentation jurassique armoricaine oscille entre un pôle terrigène et un pôle carbonaté. La bordure Est-armoricaine demeure instable et enregistre les déformations intraplaques du NW de l’Europe, comme par exemple, le bombement lithosphérique (Aalénien à Bathonien) de la Mer du Nord. Les régimes carbonatés armoricains se développent lors de périodes de relative stabilité tectonique de la bordure Est-armoricaine et de son arrière pays armoricain, à partir du Bajocien et après un nivellement des ses irrégularités. Les plates-formes carbonatées armoricaines (Bajo-Bathonien, Oxfordien moyen) sont limitées vers l’Est par le Sillon marneux. Le passage Jurassique/Crétacé est marqué par une émersion et une érosion du Massif armoricain et le soulèvement de tous les bassins péri-armoricains, induits par l’ouverture du Golfe de Gascogne. Après la sédimentation crayeuse crétacée sur la plus grande partie de l’Europe du NW, les déformations deviennent ensuite de plus en plus rapprochées dans le temps et dans l’espace ; les apports détritiques sont plus fréquents, annonçant le début d’un régime compressif (phase pyrénéenne marquant le début de la collision de l’Ibérie contre la plaque européenne et phase subhercynienne en Europe centrale). La sédimentation cénozoïque armoricaine se déroule dans un contexte régressif généralisé, favorisant une sédimentation continentale, sous un climat d’abord tropical chaud, puis se refroidissant pour devenir périglaciaire, au Pléistocène. Les dépôts marins (Paléogène, Néogène et Pléistocène) du Cotentin coïncident avec des périodes de haut niveau eustatique et sont séparés par de nombreuses lacunes, à la suite de déformations et d’érosions. (Paléocène, Eocène inférieur et moyen, Miocène inférieur et supérieur, Pliocène inférieur). A la limite Crétacé/Cénozoïque (Paléocène), une première déformation atteint le Massif armoricain et la Cornouailles alors soulevés et émergés : des faciès marins continuent à se déposer en Manche occidentale, dans la continuité de ceux du Crétacé supérieur. Le deuxième soulèvement qui intervient à l’Eocène dans le sud de l’Angleterre, en Mer Celtique et en Armorique, n’est pas enregistré dans les Approches occidentales de la Manche. La transgression atlantique sur le Cotentin débute à la fin du Lutétien et au Bartonien (faluns à foraminifères), tandis que le Sud de l’Angleterre soulevé reste épargné. A partir de l’Eocène, la morphologie du bassin du Cotentin est fixée, avec un dispositif sédimentaire de baie ou de golfe, ouvert ou non sur la mer de la Manche centrale. Il est séparé du domaine marin externe atlantique par des hauts-fonds rocheux paléozoïques qui chenalisent les eaux et accélèrent les courants tidaux. Un troisième épisode de soulèvement, puis d’érosion, démarre des l’Eocène supérieur, pour s’achever au plus tôt à l’Oligocène inférieur, sur la marge atlantique. Il intéresse les Approches occidentales de la Manche, la Mer de la Manche, la façade Sud de la Cornouailles, l’Armorique, s’estompe en direction du Golfe de Gascogne, mais n’atteint pas le Nord de la Cornouailles. Cette déformation correspond à l’inversion positive des structures de la Manche, à l’arrêt de la transgression bartonienne dans le Cotentin et à l’installation d’environnements lacustres ou lagunaires sur la presque totalité d’une mer de la Manche émergée et de l’Armorique. La transgression atlantique néogène s’avance vers l’Est sur la plate-forme externe (Oligocène), puis à travers la Manche occidentale, recouvrant en discordance les séries paléogènes déformées sous-jacentes ou en concordance, les dépôts marins de l’Oligocène supérieur. Sur les côtes françaises de la Manche occidentale, cette transgression marine du Miocène inférieur et moyen dépose, sans atteindre ni le Cotentin, ni le Bassin parisien, des calcaires bioclastiques. Sur la côte anglaise, leur extension est inconnue, car les dépôts ont été postérieurement décapés, lors d’une déformation fini-Néogène. Après une longue émersion du Massif armoricain (Oligocène supérieur à Miocène moyen), les relations marines ne sont rétablies qu’au Miocène moyen (faluns à Bryozoaires). A la fin du Miocène moyen ou au début du Miocène supérieur, une baisse importante du niveau marin (limite Serravalien/Tortonien) est décrite ensuite dans toute l’Europe. Les épandages de sables coquilliers cessent et la plate-forme du Cotentin émerge. Un quatrième épisode de soulèvement intervient au Miocène supérieur, érodant la quasi-totalité des dépôts miocènes conservés aujourd’hui uniquement sur la façade côtière atlantique du Cotentin et dans les Approches occidentales de la Manche. Dans le Cotentin, un cycle de transgression/régression (Pliocène supérieur à Pléistocène inférieur) y dépose des sables quartzeux et bioclastiques sur une plate-forme marine subtidale ouverte sur l’Océan Atlantique. Entre le Pliocène supérieur (Reuvérien b) et le Pléistocène inférieur (Tiglien b), elle évolue vers des environnements terrigènes estuariens, de moins en moins influencés par des apports atlantiques et présentant des cordons tidaux de sables coquilliers et quartzeux. Une nouvelle transgression aborde ensuite la marge Nord-armoricaine, au Pléistocène inférieur (Tiglien), déposant d’abord des marnes très riches en microfaunes, puis des sables quartzeux tidaux. Cette plate-forme subtidale évolue finalement vers un système estuarien sableux interne caractérisé par la présence de blocs glaciels qui indiquent un refroidissement climatique, à la fin du Tiglien (passage Pliocène/Pléistocène au sens international). Cette évolution régressive et le refroidissement climatique s’intensifient avec l’érosion fluviatile des séries néogènes du Centre-Cotentin, au Pléistocène inférieur (Eburonien à Waalien). A partir de la fin du Pléistocène inférieur ou au début du Pléistocène moyen, plus aucun dépôt marin n’est retrouvé en Centre-Cotentin. Les seuls témoins sont à rechercher à la périphérie de l’Armorique, sur son littoral actuel.
Book Synopsis High Resolution Stratigraphy by : E. A. Hailwood
Download or read book High Resolution Stratigraphy written by E. A. Hailwood and published by Geological Society Publishing House. This book was released on 1993 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geology of Continental Slopes by : Larry J. Doyle
Download or read book Geology of Continental Slopes written by Larry J. Doyle and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Critical Metals Handbook by : Gus Gunn
Download or read book Critical Metals Handbook written by Gus Gunn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-01-06 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mankind is using a greater variety of metals in greater quantities than ever before. As a result there is increasing global concern over the long-term availability of secure and adequate supplies of the metals needed by society. Critical metals, which are those of growing economic importance that might be susceptible to future scarcity, are a particular worry. For many of these we have little information on how they are concentrated in the Earth’s crust, how to extract them from their ores, and how to use, recycle and dispose of them effectively and safely. Published with the British Geological Survey, the Critical Metals Handbook brings together a wealth of knowledge on critical metals and provides a foundation for improving the future security and sustainability of critical metal supplies. Written by international experts, it provides a unique source of authoritative information on diverse aspects of the critical metals, including geology, deposits, processing, applications, recycling, environmental issues and markets. It is aimed at a broad non-specialist audience, including professionals and academics working in the exploration and mining sectors, in mining finance and investment, and in mineral processing and manufacturing. It will also be a valuable reference for policy makers concerned with resource management, land-use planning, eco-efficiency, recycling and related fields.
Book Synopsis The Rare Earth Elements by : David A. Atwood
Download or read book The Rare Earth Elements written by David A. Atwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-19 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lanthanides are of great importance for the electronic industries, this new book (from the EIBC Book Series) provides a comprehensive coverage of the basic chemistry, particularly inorganic chemistry, of the lanthanoid elements, those having a 4f shell of electrons. A chapter is describing the similarity of the Group 3 elements, Sc, Y, La, the group from which the lanthanoids originate and the group 13 elements, particularly aluminum, having similar properties. Inclusion of the group 3 and 13 elements demonstrates how the lanthanoid elements relate to other, more common, elements in the Periodic Table. Beginning chapters describe the occurrence and mineralogy of the elements, with a focus on structural features observed in compounds described in later chapters. The majority of the chapters is organized by the oxidation state of the elements, Ln(0), Ln(II), Ln(III), and Ln(IV). Within this organization the chapters are further distinguished by type of compound, inorganic (oxides and hydroxides, aqueous speciation, halides, alkoxides, amides and thiolates, and chelates) and organometallic. Concluding chapters deal with diverse and critically important applications of the lanthanoids in electronic and magnetic materials, and medical imaging.
Book Synopsis The Geology of Spain by : Wes Gibbons
Download or read book The Geology of Spain written by Wes Gibbons and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2002 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Geomorphology by : Richard John Huggett
Download or read book Fundamentals of Geomorphology written by Richard John Huggett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 909 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extensively revised, restructured, and updated edition continues to present an engaging and comprehensive introduction to the subject, exploring the world’s landforms from a broad systems perspective. It covers the basics of Earth surface forms and processes, while reflecting on the latest developments in the field. Fundamentals of Geomorphology begins with a consideration of the nature of geomorphology, process and form, history, and geomorphic systems, and moves on to discuss: structure: structural landforms associated with plate tectonics and those associated with volcanoes, impact craters, and folds, faults, and joints process and form: landforms resulting from, or influenced by, the exogenic agencies of weathering, running water, flowing ice and meltwater, ground ice and frost, the wind, and the sea; landforms developed on limestone; and landscape evolution, a discussion of ancient landforms, including palaeosurfaces, stagnant landscape features, and evolutionary aspects of landscape change. This third edition has been fully updated to include a clearer initial explanation of the nature of geomorphology, of land surface process and form, and of land-surface change over different timescales. The text has been restructured to incorporate information on geomorphic materials and processes at more suitable points in the book. Finally, historical geomorphology has been integrated throughout the text to reflect the importance of history in all aspects of geomorphology. Fundamentals of Geomorphology provides a stimulating and innovative perspective on the key topics and debates within the field of geomorphology. Written in an accessible and lively manner, it includes guides to further reading, chapter summaries, and an extensive glossary of key terms. The book is also illustrated throughout with over 200 informative diagrams and attractive photographs, all in colour.
Book Synopsis Geomorphology of Desert Environments by : A. D. Abrahams
Download or read book Geomorphology of Desert Environments written by A. D. Abrahams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 1021 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last twenty years there has been a major expansion of knowledge in the field of landforms and landforming processes of deserts. This advanced-level book provides a benchmark for the current state of science, and is written by an international team of authors who are acknowledged experts in their fields.
Book Synopsis Quaternary Vegetation Dynamics by : Jürgen Runge
Download or read book Quaternary Vegetation Dynamics written by Jürgen Runge and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-28 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book celebrates the relaunch of the African Pollen Database, presents state-of-the-art of modern and ancient pollen data from sub-Saharan Africa, and promotes Open Access science. Pollen grains are powerful tools for the study of past vegetation dynamics because they preserve well within sedimentary deposits and have a huge diversity in ornamentation that allows different taxa to be determined. The reconstruction of past vegetation from the examination of ancient pollen records thus can be used to characterize the nature of past landscapes (e.g. abundance of forests vs. grasslands), provide insights into changes in biodiversity, and gain empirical evidence of vegetation response to climatic change and human activity. In this, the 35th Volume of "Palaeoecology of Africa", we bring together new data and extensive synthetic reviews to provide novel insights into the relationships between human evolution, human activity, climate change and vegetation dynamics during the Quaternary, the last 2.6 million years. Current and ongoing climate and land-use change is exerting pressure on modern vegetation formations and threatening the livelihoods and wellbeing of many peoples in Africa. In this book the focus is on the Quaternary because it is during this geological period that the modern vegetation formations developed into their current configurations against a backdrop of high magnitude global climate change (glacial-interglacial cycles), human evolution, and a growing human land-use footprint. In this book the latest information is presented and collated from around the African continent to parameterize past vegetation states, identify the drivers of vegetation change, and assess the vegetation resilience to change. To achieve this research from two broad themes are covered: (i) the present is the key to the past (i.e. studies which improve our understanding of modern environments so that we can better interpret evidence from the past), and (ii) the past is the key to the future (i.e. studies which unlock information on how and why vegetation changed in the past so one can better anticipate trajectories of future change). This Open Access book will provide a strong foundation for future research exploring past ecological, environmental and climatic change within Africa and the surrounding islands. The book is organized regionally (covering western, eastern, central, and southern Africa) and it contains specialized articles focused on particular topics (such as modern pollen-vegetation relationships and fire as a driver of vegetation change), as well as regional and pan-African syntheses drawing together decades of research to assess key scientific questions (including the role of climate in driving vegetation change and the role of vegetation change in human evolution). These articles will be useful to students and teachers from high school to the highest level of university who are interested in the origins and dynamics of vegetation in Africa. Furthermore, it is also meant to provide societally relevant information that can act as an inspiration for the development of sustainable management practices for the future.
Book Synopsis Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sequence Stratigraphy of European Basins by : Pierre Charles de Graciansky
Download or read book Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sequence Stratigraphy of European Basins written by Pierre Charles de Graciansky and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project was designed to build a documented chronostratigraphic and outcrop record of depositional sequences calibrated across European basins. Data on standard stages, magnetostratigraphy, and geochronology integrated with high resolution biostratigraphy calibrate the stratigraphic position of depositional sequence boundaries. Higher order eustatic sequences show a significant increase in the number identified. A good portion of the European Mesozoic and Cenozoic succession is set in the sequence stratigraphic context with a stratigraphic record of its bonding surfaces.
Book Synopsis Landscapes and Landforms of France by : Monique Fort
Download or read book Landscapes and Landforms of France written by Monique Fort and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-23 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Landforms and Landscapes of France provides an informative and attractive overview of the most scenic landscapes of France. The geodiversity of France is emphasized, for example the glacial landscapes of the Mont-Blanc Massif, the volcanoes of the French Massif Central, the chalk cliffs and sand dunes of the Atlantic coast, the granitic landscapes of Corsica or the lagoons and coral reefs of French Polynesia. The objectives are to provide the reader with an enjoyable and informative description of the selected sites within their regional geographical and geological settings; to offer an up-to-date survey of the evolution of France's landscape; and to give additional information on the cultural value of the selected sites wherever appropriate (prehistoric paintings, legends related to sites, famous vineyards, etc.). The book is a richly illustrated reference work that makes accessible for the first time a wealth of information currently scattered among many national and regional journals. It will be of benefit to earth scientists, environmental scientists, tourism geographers and conservationists