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Laser Based Diagnostic Techniques In Single Particle Analysis
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Book Synopsis Laser-based Diagnostic Techniques in Single Particle Analysis by : Patricia Anne Dalyander
Download or read book Laser-based Diagnostic Techniques in Single Particle Analysis written by Patricia Anne Dalyander and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Up until relatively recently, most analysis techniques have relied on obtaining the bulk characteristics of a system of interest, metaphorically focusing on understanding the forest with little concern for individual trees. Increasingly it has become apparent that in many applications such an approach is inadequate, as the entire system may be more accurately characterized by a small portion of its components, even to the level of single particles, whose relative importance to the whole may be grossly underestimated by statistical averaging with bulk properties. The detection limits required for such an analysis combined with the frequent need for real-time, in situ data makes optical techniques uniquely suited for many of these applications. In the present study, three spectroscopic methodologies are investigated for the analysis of single particles entrained in fluids. In the first component, a laser-induced plasma interacting with a single aerosol particle is numerically modeled to consider the effects of finite particle evaporation and diffusion rates on measured parameters. Although these processes have previously been considered to occur instantaneously for applications with Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and therefore not influence the observed signal, this investigation shows that the local properties surrounding the aerosol particle-derived analyte vary from the bulk condition and thereby emphasizes the need for care to be taken in data acquisition timing and interpretation.
Book Synopsis Development of Laser Diagnostics for in Situ Measurements of Entrained Particles in Recovery Boilers by : Christopher R. Shaddix
Download or read book Development of Laser Diagnostics for in Situ Measurements of Entrained Particles in Recovery Boilers written by Christopher R. Shaddix and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Industrial Technologies (OIT) Industries of the Future (IOF) Forest Products research program, two different laser diagnostic techniques have been implemented in pulp mill recovery boilers to provide important information on entrained particles. One technique, based on single-particle scattering of a low-power, continuous-wave (cw) laser source, measures the velocity, concentration, and size distribution of particles within the furnace flow, over a predetermined range of particle sizes. For application to recovery boilers, this technique was designed to measure the range of particle sizes known as intermediate size particles (ISPs), roughly from 2-100 {micro}m in diameter. The other diagnostic technique, known as laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), uses a pulsed, high-power laser beam to create a localized plasma spark in the flow, allowing the measurement of the elemental composition of the entrained particles. This technique is most sensitive for particles less than 10 {micro}m in diameter. Implementing these laser diagnostic techniques in recovery boilers proved to be challenging. For the particle scattering measurement, the use of a narrow aperture for measurement of the forward scattered light was postulated and later confirmed to be effective in minimizing background signals associated with the dense sodium fume in the boilers. For the LIBS measurement, a new water-jacketed optics probe was implemented to allow for measurements with an insertion depth of up to two meters in the furnace. Fume particle deposition on the exposed optics at the end of the LIBS probe was problematic but improved with a redesign of the probe geometry and purge flow. Both diagnostic techniques were employed at two representative recovery boilers. The particle scattering diagnostic demonstrated similar trends in mean ISP concentration, ISP size distribution, and temporal variation of ISP concentration at the two boilers. The LIBS measurements showed the presence of a number of major chemical components as well as trace metal elements in the entrained particles.
Book Synopsis Nogle Tillæg til Bojesens danske Sproglære by :
Download or read book Nogle Tillæg til Bojesens danske Sproglære written by and published by . This book was released on 1885 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Laser Diagnostics for Combustion Temperature and Species by : Alan C. Eckbreth
Download or read book Laser Diagnostics for Combustion Temperature and Species written by Alan C. Eckbreth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the variety of potential laser diagnostic techniques and presents a considerable theoretical foundation elucidating physics relevant to the laser diagnostics. It explains the Raman-based approaches for major species and temperature measurements.
Book Synopsis Optical and Laser Diagnostics by : C Arcoumanis
Download or read book Optical and Laser Diagnostics written by C Arcoumanis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-06-20 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the automotive industry to blood flow monitoring, optical techniques and laser diagnostics are becoming integral parts in engineering and medical instrumentation. Written by leading global experts from industry, academic groups, and laboratories, this volume provides an international perspective on both existing applications and leading-edge research. With a focus on advanced engineering applications, the book discusses the application of techniques such as laser Doppler velocimetry, particle image velocimetry, and planar laser-induced fluorescence to automotive engines, burners, and gas turbines. It also covers the flow, sprays, and combustion in direct-injection gasoline engines as well as the fundamental structure of flames as revealed by complementary laser techniques. In addition, the book explores laser diagnostic techniques used in the biomedical field and reviews novel research on the use of fiber-optic sensor techniques for structural integrity and physical condition monitoring.
Book Synopsis Liquid Particle Size Measurement Techniques by : Julian M. Tishkoff
Download or read book Liquid Particle Size Measurement Techniques written by Julian M. Tishkoff and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1984 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diagnostic Probes for Particle and Molecule Distributions in Laser-generated Plumes by :
Download or read book Diagnostic Probes for Particle and Molecule Distributions in Laser-generated Plumes written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser microprobe analysis (LMA) offers good spatial and depth resolution for solid sampling of virtually any material. Coupled with numerous optical spectroscopic and mass spectrometric detection methods, LMA is a powerful analytical tool. Yet, fundamental understanding of the interaction between the laser and the sample surface leading to the formation of the high temperature plasma (plume) is far from complete. To better understand the process of plume formation, an imaging method based on acousto-optic laser beam deflection has been coupled with light scattering methods and absorption methods to record temporal and spatial maps of the particle and molecule distributions in the plume with good resolution. Because particles can make up a major fraction of the vaporized material under certain operating conditions, they can reflect a large loss of atomic signal for elemental analysis, even when using auxiliary excitation to further vaporized the particles. Characterization of the particle size distributions in plumes should provide insight into the vaporization process and information necessary for studies of efficient particle transfer. Light scattering methods for particle size analysis based on the Mie Theory are used to determine the size of particles in single laser-generated plumes. The methods used, polarization ratio method and dissymmetry ratio method, provide good estimates of particle size with good spatial and temporal resolution for this highly transient system. Large particles, on the order of 0.02-0.2[mu]m in radius, were observed arising directly from the sample surface and from condensation.
Book Synopsis A Laser Diagnostic Technique for the Measurement of Droplet and Particle Size Distributions by : J. Swithenbank
Download or read book A Laser Diagnostic Technique for the Measurement of Droplet and Particle Size Distributions written by J. Swithenbank and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to verify the various theoretical models of practical combustion systems, experimental measurements are urgently required. A number of laser instrumentation systems which do not disturb the flow are being devised to satisfy this need. This study describes a technique which has been developed for the measurement of droplet or solid particle size distribution. These measurements are required, for example, as the input to mathematical models of combustion which include evaporation. The technique is based on the Fraunhofer diffraction of a parallel beam of mono-chromatic light by the moving droplets. A Fourier transform lens is used to focus a stationary light pattern onto a multielement photo-detector to measure the diffracted light energy distribution. A mini-computer program translates the light energy distribution into the corresponding, unique, droplet size distribution. The droplets or particles are classified into 31 size groups spanning two decades of diameter, (e.g. 5 micrometers to 500 micrometers using a 300 mm focal length Fourier transform lens).
Book Synopsis A Laser Diagnostic Technique for the Measurement of Droplet and Particle Size Distribution by : Joshua Swithenbank
Download or read book A Laser Diagnostic Technique for the Measurement of Droplet and Particle Size Distribution written by Joshua Swithenbank and published by . This book was released on 197? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurement of Size Distribution of Submicron Particles Using New Laser Diagnostics by : James F. Driscoll
Download or read book Measurement of Size Distribution of Submicron Particles Using New Laser Diagnostics written by James F. Driscoll and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The one year research program described here was a direct extension of work completed during the 1977 AFOSR/ASEE Summer Faculty Research program at AFRPL. During that program the author and Dr. David Mann, AFRPL, performed the first is situ size measurements of submicron alumina (Al2O3) particles that have been published to date. The new laser diagnostic technique used, Diffusion Broadening Spectroscopy, represents a new advance in the state-of-the-art of submicron particle sizing. The goal of the research described herein was to develop a data reduction procedure to extend the applicability of the technique, so that size distribution half width can be measured, in addition to particle mean diameter. The computer routine was developed to determine particle mean diameter and size distribution half width, given light scattering data obtained at two scattering angles. Sensitivity of the results was investigated and feasibility of future use of the technique in rocket motors and plumes was deduced. (Author).
Book Synopsis Combustings Flow Diagnostics by : D.F.G. Durão
Download or read book Combustings Flow Diagnostics written by D.F.G. Durão and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book consists of papers prepared for and presented at a NATO sponsored Advanced Study Institute which was held in Montechoro, Portugal during the period 16-27 April, 1990. This Institute was attended by approximately ninety delegates from fifteen countries and followed from a related Institute held in Vimeiro, Portugal in 1987 (see the book entitled "Instrumentation for Combustion and Flow in Engines", edited by D. F. G. Dur~o, J. H. Whitelaw and P. O. Witzel. The purposes of the first Institute related closely to instrumentation for use in gas-turbine combustors and the cylinders of internal-combustion engines. These topics were also addressed in the second Institute, though in a manner which was wider ranging and chosen to demonstrate and explain the development and application of measurement methods to combusting flows in general. The papers contained in this boo~ were selected to provide the reader with a comprehensive and up-to-date view of the variety of experimental techniques available to measure in combusting flows. Included are discussions of their range and applicability, potential accuracy and ease of use. Thus, the first paper provides a brief overview and the second an indication of those aspects of combustion which should influence the choice of flow property to be measured and the technique to be used.
Download or read book Optical Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flowfield Modeling and Diagnostics by : Ashwani K. Gupta
Download or read book Flowfield Modeling and Diagnostics written by Ashwani K. Gupta and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1985 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Novel Approaches in Biosensors and Rapid Diagnostic Assays by : Zvi Liron
Download or read book Novel Approaches in Biosensors and Rapid Diagnostic Assays written by Zvi Liron and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the medical, food, and environmental fields there is a continuous demand for inexpensive and sensitive analytical devices that are reliable, rapid, capable of high-throughput screening, and have low cost per test unit. Small and portable biosensor devices are designed to fulfill most of these requirements, and can be used in laboratory and on-site field testing. This volume discusses major issues in optical, acoustic and electrochemical-based biosensors, biochips, sensing recognition elements, and biosensors for medical and environmental applications. The papers presented at the conference represent basic and applied research studies in the fields of diagnostic assays and biosensor development. Novel technologies, such as arrays of sensors using high-density fiber optics to sense labeled or unlabeled oligonucleotides, and patterned arrays of recognition elements, demonstrated the capability of biosensors to analyze multiple analytes.
Book Synopsis Atomization and Sprays by : Arthur H. Lefebvre
Download or read book Atomization and Sprays written by Arthur H. Lefebvre and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this long-time bestseller provides a framework for designing and understanding sprays for a wide array of engineering applications. The text contains correlations and design tools that can be easily understood and used in relating the design of atomizers to the resulting spray behavior. Written to be accessible to readers with a modest technical background, the emphasis is on application rather than in-depth theory. Numerous examples are provided to serve as starting points for using the information in the book. Overall, this is a thoroughly updated edition that still retains the practical focus and readability of the original work by Arthur Lefebvre.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-08 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
