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Landfill Bioreactor Design And Operation
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Book Synopsis Landfill Bioreactor Design & Operation by : Timothy G. Townsend
Download or read book Landfill Bioreactor Design & Operation written by Timothy G. Townsend and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using biotechnology to help control landfill processes can mitigate costs, shorten the time needed to process solid waste, and ease the typical ecological damage to the land being used. This first-of-its-kind book provides regulators, designers, landfill owners, and operators with information that supports the utility of landfill bioreactors and provides design and operating criteria essential for the successful application of this technology. It pulls together laboratory, pilot, and full-scale experiences into one concise guide to designing and running municipal landfills as bioreactors. Landfill Bioreactor Design and Operation covers the history and background of landfill technology, research studies of actual bioreactor landfills, expected leachate and gas yields, specific design criteria, operation guidelines, and reuse of landfill sites to avoid having to establish new sites. For anyone looking for an alternative to large, wasteful landfill sites, this book provides a practical alternative to the problem.
Book Synopsis Landfill Bioreactor Design and Operation by : Debra R. Reinhart
Download or read book Landfill Bioreactor Design and Operation written by Debra R. Reinhart and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis SEMINAR PUBLICATION... LANDFILL BIOREACTOR DESIGN AND OPERATION... EPA by :
Download or read book SEMINAR PUBLICATION... LANDFILL BIOREACTOR DESIGN AND OPERATION... EPA written by and published by . This book was released on 1998* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Landfill Bioreactor Design & Operation by : Timothy G. Townsend
Download or read book Landfill Bioreactor Design & Operation written by Timothy G. Townsend and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using biotechnology to help control landfill processes can mitigate costs, shorten the time needed to process solid waste, and ease the typical ecological damage to the land being used. This first-of-its-kind book provides regulators, designers, landfill owners, and operators with information that supports the utility of landfill bioreactors and provides design and operating criteria essential for the successful application of this technology. It pulls together laboratory, pilot, and full-scale experiences into one concise guide to designing and running municipal landfills as bioreactors. Landfill Bioreactor Design and Operation covers the history and background of landfill technology, research studies of actual bioreactor landfills, expected leachate and gas yields, specific design criteria, operation guidelines, and reuse of landfill sites to avoid having to establish new sites. For anyone looking for an alternative to large, wasteful landfill sites, this book provides a practical alternative to the problem.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Practices for Landfill Design and Operation by : Timothy G. Townsend
Download or read book Sustainable Practices for Landfill Design and Operation written by Timothy G. Townsend and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid waste management is a global concern, and landfilling remains the predominant management method in most areas of the world. This book provides a comprehensive view of state-of-the-art methods to manage landfills more sustainably, drawing upon more than two decades of research, design, and operational experiences at operating sites across the world. Sustainable landfills implement one or multiple technologies to control and enhance the degradation of waste materials to realize a multitude of potential benefits during or shortly after the landfill’s operating phase. This book presents detailed approaches in the development, design, operation, and monitoring of sustainable landfills. Case studies showcasing the benefits and challenges of sustainable landfill technologies are also provided to give the reader additional context. The intent of the book is to serve as a reference guide for regulatory personnel, a practical tool for designers and engineers to build on for site-specific applications of sustainable landfill technologies, and a comprehensive resource for researchers who are continuing to explore new and better ways to more sustainably manage waste materials.
Author :United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :230 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (36 download)
Book Synopsis Seminar Publication by : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development
Download or read book Seminar Publication written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seminar Publication by : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book Seminar Publication written by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-11 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Practices for Landfill Design and Operation by : Timothy G. Townsend
Download or read book Sustainable Practices for Landfill Design and Operation written by Timothy G. Townsend and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The management of municipal solid waste in many countries throughout the world has changed significantly over the past fifty years, with a shift from uncontrolled dumping or burning to complex systems that integrate multiple processes to recover materials or energy and provide containment to reduce environmental impacts. This volume, the first in the series Waste Management Principles, gives readers a comprehensive overview of advances in sustainable landfill design and operation. The authors developed this volume to serve as a tool for designers, regulators, and other parties interested in sustainable landfill practices and to be used in conjunction with fundamental design methodologies, location-specific regulations, new and emerging research results, and good engineering judgment. Dozens of graphs, figures, and tables provided throughout the text provide the designer with an excellent foundation to begin their analysis and apply the principles from this book to their site or facility. In like fashion, operational experiences are provided throughout, tying in the important underlying fundamental concepts (e.g., accelerated gas production after liquids addition) to critical operational considerations (e.g., how to effectively collect the additional gas that is produced). The body of work presented here results from the development of bioreactor landfill design guidelines for the US Environmental Protection Agency's National Risk Manageme nt Laboratory, along with the combined knowledge and experience of the authors pertaining to sustainable practices for design and operation of sanitary landfills. .
Book Synopsis Laboratory Scale Solid State Landfill Bioreactor Design by : Michael John Myers
Download or read book Laboratory Scale Solid State Landfill Bioreactor Design written by Michael John Myers and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The objective of this work was to design a system to assess and quantify the performance of co-disposed dewatered sewage sludge and municipal solid waste. Specific objectives for the design and construction of the bioreactors were as follows: 1. Design and construct two physical model laboratory-scale landfills which simulate full-scale municipal solid waste landfills. 2. Instrument two physical model laboratory-scale landfills to monitor temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, total dissolved solid, electrical conductivity, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, leachate flow rates and gas composition. 3. Produce preliminary results to better understand the performance of the design. To achieve these objectives, two 1.53 m3 laboratory scale models were constructed and instrumented to measure pH, redox potential, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, temperature, moisture content, loss of mass, and gas composition. Solid waste obtain from the Solid Waste Authority of Central Ohio was initially characterized for chemical composition, organic fraction, and complex organics. Preliminary data was compared to previously reported values for bioreactor landfill to assess the initial performance of the models.
Book Synopsis Permeability of Municipal Solid Waste in Bioreactor Landfill with Degradation by : Kiran Kumar Penmethsa
Download or read book Permeability of Municipal Solid Waste in Bioreactor Landfill with Degradation written by Kiran Kumar Penmethsa and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Permeability is an important parameter during the design of leachate collection and recirculation system. In the current study an experimental program was designed to determine the variation of coefficient of permeability of MSW with degradation and to determine the influence of density and cover soil on permeability of MSW.
Book Synopsis Slope Stability of Bioreactor Landfills During Leachate Injection: Effects of Heterogeneous and Anisotropic Municipal Solid Waste Conditions by :
Download or read book Slope Stability of Bioreactor Landfills During Leachate Injection: Effects of Heterogeneous and Anisotropic Municipal Solid Waste Conditions written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In bioreactor landfills, leachate recirculation can significantly affect the stability of landfill slope due to generation and distribution of excessive pore fluid pressures near side slope. The current design and operation of leachate recirculation systems do not consider the effects of heterogeneous and anisotropic nature of municipal solid waste (MSW) and the increased pore gas pressures in landfilled waste caused due to leachate recirculation on the physical stability of landfill slope. In this study, a numerical two-phase flow model (landfill leachate and gas as immiscible phases) was used to investigate the effects of heterogeneous and anisotropic nature of MSW on moisture distribution and pore-water and capillary pressures and their resulting impacts on the stability of a simplified bioreactor landfill during leachate recirculation using horizontal trench system. The unsaturated hydraulic properties of MSW were considered based on the van Genuchten model. The strength reduction technique was used for slope stability analyses as it takes into account of the transient and spatially varying pore-water and gas pressures. It was concluded that heterogeneous and anisotropic MSW with varied unit weight and saturated hydraulic conductivity significantly influenced the moisture distribution and generation and distribution of pore fluid pressures in landfill and considerably reduced the stability of bioreactor landfill slope. It is recommended that heterogeneous and anisotropic MSW must be considered as it provides a more reliable approach for the design and leachate operations in bioreactor landfills.
Book Synopsis Investigations at a Bioreactor Landfill to Aid in the Operation and Design of Horizontal Injection Liquids Addition Systems by : Judd Adam Larson
Download or read book Investigations at a Bioreactor Landfill to Aid in the Operation and Design of Horizontal Injection Liquids Addition Systems written by Judd Adam Larson and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Two field investigations were conducted at a bioreactor landfill in Polk County, Florida to (1) estimate the vertical air permeability and corresponding vertical hydraulic conductivity of the in-place compacted MSW by use of a hydrogeologic barometric pumping analytical model and (2) characterize subsurface horizontal injection lines buried within that compacted MSW for fluid conductance and compare these values for different operational and design variables. The vertical air permeability was estimated by finding a best fit between changes in field pneumatic pressure data (measured within the compacted MSW by in situ piezometers) with that of modeled pneumatic pressures caused by barometric pumping. The pneumatic pressures were modeled using a computer program that uses an algorithm to predict soil-gas pressures based upon field-measured barometric pressure data for a modeled vertical air permeability. The vertical air permeability was determined to range from 2 x 10−13 m2 to 8 x 10−13 m2 for the topmost 3 to 6 meters of compacted waste. The corresponding vertical hyrdraulic conductivity was determined to range from 1.9 x 10−4 cm/s to 7.8 x 10−4 cm/s. Shortfalls of this method applied to a landfill are discussed. The fluid conductance values for 16 HILs of varying designs were monitored over a large range of cumulative linear-injected volumes using a state-of-the-art SCADA system.
Book Synopsis Bioreactor Landfill Research and Demonstration Project Northern Oaks Landfill, Harrison, MI. by : Xiando Zhao
Download or read book Bioreactor Landfill Research and Demonstration Project Northern Oaks Landfill, Harrison, MI. written by Xiando Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A bioreactor landfill cell with 1.2-acre footprint was constructed, filled, operated, and monitored atNorthern Oaks Recycling and Disposal Facility (NORDF) at Harrison, MI. With a filled volume of74,239 cubic yards, the cell contained approximately 35,317 tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) and20,777 tons of cover soil. It was laid on the slope of an existing cell but separated by a geosyntheticmembrane liner. After the cell reached a design height of 60 feet, it was covered with a geosyntheticmembrane cap. A three-dimensional monitoring system to collect data at 48 different locations wasdesigned and installed during the construction phase of the bioreactor cell. Each location had a cluster of monitoring devices consisting of a probe to monitor moisture and temperature, a leachate collection basin, and a gas sampling port. An increase in moisture content of the MSW in the bioreactor cell was achieved by pumping leachatecollected on-site from various other cells, as well as recirculation of leachate from the bioreactor landfillcell itself. Three types of leachate injection systems were evaluated in this bioreactor cell for theirefficacy to distribute pumped leachate uniformly: a leachate injection pipe buried in a 6-ft wide horizontalstone mound, a 15-ft wide geocomposite drainage layer, and a 60-ft wide geocomposite drainage layer. All leachate injection systems were installed on top of the compacted waste surface. The distribution ofwater and resulting MSW moisture content throughout the bioreactor cell was found to be similar for thethree designs. Water coming into and leaving the cell (leachate pumped in, precipitation, snow, evaporation, and collected leachate) was monitored in order to carry out a water balance. Using a leachate injection rate of 26 - 30 gal/yard3, the average moisture content increased from 25% to 35% (wet based) over the period of this study. One of the key aspects of this bioreactor landfill study was to evaluate bioreactor start up andperformance in locations with colder climate. For lifts filled during the summer months, methanegeneration started within three months after completion of the lift. For lifts filled in winter months, verylittle methane production occurred even eight months after filling. The temperature data indicated thatsubzero or slightly above zero (oC) temperatures persisted for unusually long periods (more than sixmonths) in the lifts filled during winter months. This was likely due to the high thermal insulationcapability of the MSW and the low level of biological activity during start up. This observation indicatesthat bioreactor landfills located in cold climate and filled during winter months may require mechanismsto increase temperature and initiate biodegradation. Thus, besides moisture, temperature may be the next important factor controlling the biological decomposition in anaerobic bioreactor landfills. Spatial and temporal characterization of leachate samples indicated the presence of low levels ofcommonly used volatile organic compounds (including acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutylketone, and toluene) and metals (including arsenic, chromium, and zinc). Changes and leachate andgaseous sample characteristics correlated with enhanced biological activity and increase in temperature. Continued monitoring of this bioreactor landfill cell is expected to yield critical data needed for start up, design, and operation of this emerging process.
Book Synopsis Enhanced stabilisation of municipal solid waste in bioreactor landfills by : Roberto Valencia Vazquez
Download or read book Enhanced stabilisation of municipal solid waste in bioreactor landfills written by Roberto Valencia Vazquez and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-12-01 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Municipal solid waste entombed in landfills will produce pollution in the form of landfill gas and leachate when the barriers fail in the long term. Bioreactor landfills are an alternative solution to avoid such negative impacts and to achieve a more stable residue, the so-called Final Storage Quality (FSQ) of residues. However, until now the main
Book Synopsis A Comparative Evaluation of Liquid Infiltration Methods for Bioreactor Landfills by : Timothy J. Murphy
Download or read book A Comparative Evaluation of Liquid Infiltration Methods for Bioreactor Landfills written by Timothy J. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Instead of merely disposing of municipal solid waste (i.e., MSW, garbage, refuse) in a traditional landfill, new technology is being developed to treat landfilled waste in situ by designing and operating the landfill as a biological treatment system or bioreactor. Increasing the moisture content of solid waste to 40% or more (by leachate recirculation or water addition) enhances the biodegradation process. However the probable existence of preferential flow paths prevents wetting the entire waste mass to biologically optimal conditions. Significant areas of concern include the operational aspects of applying leachate to waste in the landfill. In leachate recirculation projects found in the literature, a variety of infiltration methods were used to introduce leachate back to the landfill mass. However, a direct comparison of the effectiveness of the methods was not found. Therefore, this research evaluated four methods of wetting MSW and assessed the effectiveness of each method. This project included the design and dissemination of a questionnaire to determine the current state of practice in bioreactor technology in the U.S. and a laboratory study of four liquid infiltration methods. The infiltration methods were: trickle irrigation cascade system; horizontal trench; single wells; and cluster wells. The project used four 2.0 m3 laboratory-scale landfills containing "engineered" MSW. Evaluation of moisture distribution was performed using two different types of in-situ moisture sensors and a dye tracer study to determine distribution of moisture and flow rates. Results of the project indicated that; three liquid infiltration methods were utilized by respondents to the bioreactor questionnaire, a larger number of respondents to the bioreactor questionnaire are needed to determine if design parameters are emerging from industry and academia. The GMX in-situ moisture monitoring instruments did not sense moisture content below 40%, to reliably sense moisture content both the TDT and GMX sensors must be in intimate contact with the surrounding media. The cluster well method provided the greatest overall increase in the moisture content of the waste during the experiments. However, none of the infiltration methods tested wetted the waste to the desired 40% moisture content during the 8 hour test runs.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Sustainable Waste Management through Design by : Harvinder Singh
Download or read book Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Sustainable Waste Management through Design written by Harvinder Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the latest advances, innovations and applications in the field of waste management and environmental geomechanics as presented by leading researchers, engineers and practitioners at the International Conference on Sustainable Waste Management through Design (IC_SWMD), held in Ludhiana (Punjab), India on November 2-3, 2018. Providing a unique overview of new directions, and opportunities for sustainable and resilient design approaches to protect infrastructure and the environment, it discusses diverse topics related to civil engineering and construction aspects of the resource management cycle, from the minimization of waste, through the eco-friendly re-use and processing of waste materials, the management and disposal of residual wastes, to water treatments and technologies. It also encompasses strategies for reducing construction waste through better design, improved recovery, re-use, more efficient resource management and the performance of materials recovered from wastes. The contributions were selected by means of a rigorous peer-review process and highlight many exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different waste management specialists.
Book Synopsis Designing with Geosynthetics - 6Th Edition; Vol2 by : Robert M. Koerner
Download or read book Designing with Geosynthetics - 6Th Edition; Vol2 written by Robert M. Koerner and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2012-01-16 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the structure of previous editions, Volume 2 of this Sixth Edition proceeds through four individual chapters on geomembranes, geosynthetic clay liners, geofoam and geocomposites. The two volumes must accompany one another. Volume 1 contains geosynthetics, geotextiles, geogrids and geonets. The two volumes must accompany one another. All are polymeric materials used for myriad applications in geotechnical, geoenvironmental, transportation, hydraulic and private development applications. The technology has become a worldwide enterprise with approximate $5B material sales in the 35-years since first being introduced. In addition to describing and illustrating the various materials; the most important test methods and design examples are included as pertains to specific application areas. This latest edition differs from previous ones in that sustainability is addressed throughout, new material variations are presented, new applications are included and references are updated accordingly. Each chapter includes problems for which a solutions manual is available.
