Land And Slum Upgrading

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Assessing Benefits of Slum Upgrading Programs in Second-best Settings

Author : Basab Dasgupta
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing Benefits of Slum Upgrading Programs in Second-best Settings by : Basab Dasgupta

Download or read book Assessing Benefits of Slum Upgrading Programs in Second-best Settings written by Basab Dasgupta and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Slum upgrading programs are being used by national and city governments in many countries to improve the welfare of households living in slum and squatter settlements. These programs typically include a combination of improvements in neighborhood infrastructure, land tenure, and building quality. In this paper, the authors develop a dynamic general equilibrium model to compare the effectiveness of alternative slum upgrading instruments in a second-best setting with distortions in the land and credit markets. They numerically test the model using data from three Brazilian cities and find that the performance of in situ slum upgrading depends on the severity of land and credit market distortions and how complementary policy initiatives are being implemented to correct for these problems. Pre-existing land supply and credit market distortions reduce the benefit-cost ratios across interventions, and change the rank ordering of preferred interventions. In the light of these findings, it appears that partial equilibrium analysis used in typical cost-benefit work overstates the stream of net benefits from upgrading interventions and may in fact propose a misleading sequence of interventions. "--World Bank web site.

Building Urban Safety Through Slum Upgrading

Author :
Publisher : Un-Habitat
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Building Urban Safety Through Slum Upgrading by :

Download or read book Building Urban Safety Through Slum Upgrading written by and published by Un-Habitat. This book was released on 2011 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Excluded from the city's opportunities, physically, politically and economically marginalized, slum dwellers are particularly vulnerable to crime and violence. They face an acute risk of becoming victims or offenders and live in a state of constant insecurity. Only a few cities have incorporated a coherent component to prevent crime and mitigate violence in their urban development agendas. Impact on urban safety has occurred somewhat unexpectedly. That is the main lesson to be drawn from the pages of this book: urban policy integration."--pub. desc.

Land and Slum Upgrading

Author : Szilard Fricska
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Land and Slum Upgrading by : Szilard Fricska

Download or read book Land and Slum Upgrading written by Szilard Fricska and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Housing Market Dynamics in Africa

Author : El-hadj M. Bah
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137597925
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (375 download)

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Book Synopsis Housing Market Dynamics in Africa by : El-hadj M. Bah

Download or read book Housing Market Dynamics in Africa written by El-hadj M. Bah and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book utilizes new data to thoroughly analyze the main factors currently shaping the African housing market. Some of these factors include the supply and demand for housing finance, land tenure security issues, construction cost conundrum, infrastructure provision, and low-cost housing alternatives. Through detailed analysis, the authors investigate the political economy surrounding the continent’s housing market and the constraints that behind-the-scenes policy makers need to address in their attempts to provide affordable housing for the majority in need. With Africa’s urban population growing rapidly, this study highlights how broad demographic shifts and rapid urbanization are placing enormous pressure on the limited infrastructure in many cities and stretching the economic and social fabric of municipalities to their breaking point. But beyond providing a snapshot of the present conditions of the African housing market, the book offers recommendations and actionable measures for policy makers and other stakeholders on how best to provide affordable housing and alleviate Africa’s housing deficit. This work will be of particular interest to practitioners, non-governmental organizations, private sector actors, students and researchers of economic policy, international development, and urban development.

Slums

Author : Eugenie L. Birch
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812247949
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Slums by : Eugenie L. Birch

Download or read book Slums written by Eugenie L. Birch and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2016-04-18 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Slums: How Informal Real Estate Markets Work shows that unauthorized settlements in rapidly growing cities are not divorced from market forces; rather, they must be understood as complex environments where state policies and market actors play a role.

Financing Metropolitan Governments in Developing Countries

Author : Roy W. Bahl
Publisher : Lincoln Inst of Land Policy
ISBN 13 : 9781558442542
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Financing Metropolitan Governments in Developing Countries by : Roy W. Bahl

Download or read book Financing Metropolitan Governments in Developing Countries written by Roy W. Bahl and published by Lincoln Inst of Land Policy. This book was released on 2013 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic activity that drives growth in developing countries is heavily concentrated in cities. Catchphrases such as “metropolitan areas are the engines that pull the national economy” turn out to be fairly accurate. But the same advantages of metropolitan areas that draw investment also draw migrants who need jobs and housing, lead to demands for better infrastructure and social services, and result in increased congestion, environmental harm, and social problems. The challenges for metropolitan public finance are to capture a share of the economic growth to adequately finance new and growing expenditures and to organize governance so that services can be delivered in a cost-effective way, giving the local population a voice in fiscal decision making. At the same time, care must be taken to avoid overregulation and overtaxation, which will hamper the now quite mobile economic engine of private investment and entrepreneurial initiative. Metropolitan planning has become a reality in most large urban areas, even though the planning agencies are often ineffective in moving things forward and in linking their plans with the fiscal and financial realities of metropolitan government. A growing number of success stories in metropolitan finance and management, together with accumulated experience and proper efforts and support, could be extended to a broader array of forward-looking programs to address the growing public service needs of metropolitan-area populations. Nevertheless, sweeping metropolitan-area fiscal reforms have been few and far between; the urban policy reform agenda is still a long one; and there is a reasonable prospect that closing the gaps between what we know how to do and what is actually being done will continue to be difficult and slow. This book identifies the most important issues in metropolitan governance and finance in developing countries, describes the practice, explores the gap between practice and what theory suggests should be done, and lays out the reform paths that might be considered. Part of the solution will rest in rethinking expenditure assignments and instruments of finance. The “right” approach also will depend on the flexibility of political leaders to relinquish some control in order to find a better solution to the metropolitan finance problem.

Analytical Perspective of Pro-poor Slum Upgrading Frameworks

Author :
Publisher : UN-HABITAT
ISBN 13 : 9211318416
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Analytical Perspective of Pro-poor Slum Upgrading Frameworks by :

Download or read book Analytical Perspective of Pro-poor Slum Upgrading Frameworks written by and published by UN-HABITAT. This book was released on 2006 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Slum Upgrading and Participation

Author : Ivo Imparato
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821353707
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (537 download)

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Book Synopsis Slum Upgrading and Participation by : Ivo Imparato

Download or read book Slum Upgrading and Participation written by Ivo Imparato and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The UN currently estimates that there are about 837 million urban slum dwellers worldwide, and this figure is likely to rise to 1.5 billion by 2020 if current trends are not reversed. This book offers five geographically and institutionally diverse case studies from Latin America, where some of the longest-running and most successful programmes in this field have been conducted. These programmes, involving a wide variety of funding arrangements and agencies, demonstrate the positive impact that community participation and people-oriented service solutions can have on slum upgrading efforts in low income urban areas.

Holding Their Ground

Author : Alain Durand-Lasserve
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136564136
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Holding Their Ground by : Alain Durand-Lasserve

Download or read book Holding Their Ground written by Alain Durand-Lasserve and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-23 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Security of land tenure for the urban poor is now a major problem for developing cities in Africa, Asia and Latin America. This book presents and analyzes the main conclusions of a comparative research programme on land tenure issues. It looks at how solutions can be found and implemented to respond to the demands and needs of the majority of squatters and informal settlements, and analyzes how urban stakeholders, with different social, legal and economic constraints, find innovative and flexible solutions. The book is intended to fill a gap in the literature on comparative research on tenure policies and should be useful to researchers and professionals involved in defining and instigating tenure upgrading policies and programmes.

Pro Poor Land Management

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Pro Poor Land Management by :

Download or read book Pro Poor Land Management written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Urban Land Markets

Author : Somik V. Lall
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402088620
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Land Markets by : Somik V. Lall

Download or read book Urban Land Markets written by Somik V. Lall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-07 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As urbanization progresses at a remarkable pace, policy makers and analysts come to understand and agree on key features that will make this process more efficient and inclusive, leading to gains in the welfare of citizens. Drawing on insights from economic geography and two centuries of experience in developed countries, the World Bank’s World Development Report 2009: Reshaping Economic Geography emphasizes key aspects that are fundamental to ensuring an efficient rural-urban transformation. Critical among these are land, as the most important resource, and well-functioning land markets. Regardless of the stage of urbanization, flexible and forward-looking institu- ons that help the efficient functioning of land markets are the bedrock of succe- ful urbanization strategies. In particular, institutional arrangements for allocating land rights and for managing and regulating land use have significant implica- ons for how cities deliver agglomeration economies and improve the welfare of their residents. Property rights, well-functioning land markets, and the management and servicing of land required to accommodate urban expansion and provide trunk infrastructure are all topics that arise as regions progress from incipient urbani- tion to medium and high density.

Regularization of Informal Settlements in Latin America

Author : Edesio Fernandes
Publisher : Lincoln Inst of Land Policy
ISBN 13 : 9781558442023
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Regularization of Informal Settlements in Latin America by : Edesio Fernandes

Download or read book Regularization of Informal Settlements in Latin America written by Edesio Fernandes and published by Lincoln Inst of Land Policy. This book was released on 2011 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In large Latin American cities the number of dwellings in informal settlements ranges from one-tenth to one-third of urban residences. These informal settlements are caused by low income, unrealistic urban planning, lack of serviced land, lack of social housing, and a dysfunctional legal system. The settlements develop over time and some have existed for decades, often becoming part of the regular development of the city, and therefore gaining rights, although usually lacking formal titles. Whether they are established on public or private land, they develop irregularly and often do not have critical public services such as sanitation, resulting in health and environmental hazards. In this report from the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, author Edesio Fernandes, a lawyer and urban planner from Latin America, studies the options for regularization of the informal settlements. Regularization is looked at through established programs in both Peru and Brazil, in an attempt to bring these settlements much needed balance and improvement. In Peru, based on Hernando de Soto's theory that tenure security triggers development and increases property value, from 1996 to 2006, 1.5 million freehold titles were issued at a cost of $64 per household. This did result in an increase of property values by about 25 percent, making the program cost effective. Brazil took a much broader and more costly approach to regularization by not only titling the land, but improving public services, job creation, and community support structures. This program in Brazil has had a cost of between $3,500 to $5,000 per household and has affected a much lower percent of the population. The report offers recommendations for improving regularization policy and identifies issues that must be addressed, such as collecting data with baseline figures to get a true evaluation of the benefit of programs established. Also, it shows that each individual informal settlement must have a customized plan, as a single approach will not work for each settlement. There is a need to include both genders for long-term effectiveness and to find ways to make the regularization self-sustaining financially. Any program must be closely monitored to insure the conditions are improved for the marginalized, as well as be sure it is not causing new informal settlements to be established.

Urban Innovation and Upgrading in China Shanty Towns

Author : Pengfei Ni
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662439050
Total Pages : 213 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (624 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Innovation and Upgrading in China Shanty Towns by : Pengfei Ni

Download or read book Urban Innovation and Upgrading in China Shanty Towns written by Pengfei Ni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-21 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By using field survey and World Bank investment project evaluation method, this book investigates the experience of slum rebuilding in Liaoning province, China. It figures out that the experience of Liaoning province is relatively successful and can be of great significance for developing countries and regions. The issue of slums is a huge challenge in the process of global urbanization. The population living in slums is 0.8 billion worldwide and the number is still growing. International organizations (e.g., the World Bank) and relevant countries have been working on the rebuilding of slums but only a few succeeded. In recent years, since some scholars believe that government should play dominant role in slums rebuilding, Liaoning province has developed a systematical model in slums rebuilding from 2005. This model emphasizes the guidance of government, market functions and society involvement. With the application of the new model, Liaoning province has improved 2.11 million people’s living conditions from 2005 to 2010. By introducing the conditions, history, rebuilding process and rebuilding methods of Liaoning slums, this book provides new information and data for slum rebuilding decision makers and researchers.

Squatters as Developers?

Author : Vinit Mukhija
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351898426
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Squatters as Developers? by : Vinit Mukhija

Download or read book Squatters as Developers? written by Vinit Mukhija and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the mid-1990s, the state government of Maharashtra introduced an innovative strategy of slum redevelopment in its capital city, Mumbai (Bombay). Based on demolishing existing slums and rebuilding on the same sites at a higher density, it is very distinct from the two prevalent conventional strategies with respect to slums in developing countries - slum clearance and slum upgrading. So why did the slum redevelopment strategy originate in Mumbai, and how did it do so? What were the key issues in the implementation of such a project? This critical volume responds to these questions by closely examining one particular redevelopment project over a period of twelve years: the Markandeya Cooperative Housing Society (MCHS). It analyzes the problems faced and the solutions innovated; identifies non-traditional issues often overlooked in housing improvement strategies; reveals the complexities involved in housing production for low-income groups; and combines in-depth empirical research with historical, institutional, spatial and financial perspectives to improve our understanding of complex urban development processes.

The Challenge of Slums

Author : United Nations Human Settlements Programme
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136554750
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis The Challenge of Slums by : United Nations Human Settlements Programme

Download or read book The Challenge of Slums written by United Nations Human Settlements Programme and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-23 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Challenge of Slums presents the first global assessment of slums, emphasizing their problems and prospects. Using a newly formulated operational definition of slums, it presents estimates of the number of urban slum dwellers and examines the factors at all level, from local to global, that underlie the formation of slums as well as their social, spatial and economic characteristics and dynamics. It goes on to evaluate the principal policy responses to the slum challenge of the last few decades. From this assessment, the immensity of the challenges that slums pose is clear. Almost 1 billion people live in slums, the majority in the developing world where over 40 per cent of the urban population are slum dwellers. The number is growing and will continue to increase unless there is serious and concerted action by municipal authorities, governments, civil society and the international community. This report points the way forward and identifies the most promising approaches to achieving the United Nations Millennium Declaration targets for improving the lives of slum dwellers by scaling up participatory slum upgrading and poverty reduction programmes. The Global Report on Human Settlements is the most authoritative and up-to-date assessment of conditions and trends in the world's cities. Written in clear language and supported by informative graphics, case studies and extensive statistical data, it will be an essential tool and reference for researchers, academics, planners, public authorities and civil society organizations around the world.

Streets as Tools for Urban Transformation in Slums

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Streets as Tools for Urban Transformation in Slums by :

Download or read book Streets as Tools for Urban Transformation in Slums written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Slum Upgrading

Author : Fernanda Magalhães
Publisher : Inter-American Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 159782156X
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (978 download)

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Book Synopsis Slum Upgrading by : Fernanda Magalhães

Download or read book Slum Upgrading written by Fernanda Magalhães and published by Inter-American Development Bank. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main goal of this book is to disseminate the useful lessons learned from urban development and favela urbanization operations in Brazil financed by the Inter-American Development Bank and the Brazilian government. These lessons underpin the recommendations for the design of public policies on the subject. It is hoped that they will also contribute to improving the efficiency of specific programs.