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Laboratory Studies Of The Spectra Of Interstellar Molecules
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Book Synopsis Laboratory Studies of the Spectra of Interstellar Molecules by : G. Herzberg
Download or read book Laboratory Studies of the Spectra of Interstellar Molecules written by G. Herzberg and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last twenty years many studies have been carried out in the laboratory which were aimed at establishing the exact positions of possible sharp interstellar lines of various diatomic and polyatomic molecules. In addition the author has been trying to see whether the diffuse interstellar lines cannot be explained as produced by some molecule or molecular ion in the interstellar gas. The present report is a summary of the author's recent work in this field. (Author).
Book Synopsis Interstellar Molecules by : Koichi M. T. Yamada
Download or read book Interstellar Molecules written by Koichi M. T. Yamada and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-07 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the astrophysics and spectroscopy of the interstellar molecules. In the introduction, overview and history of interstellar observations are described in order to help understanding how the modern astrophysics and molecular spectroscopy have been developed interactively. The recent progress in the study of this field is briefly summarized. Furthermore, the basic knowledge of molecular spectroscopy, which is essential to correctly comprehend the astrophysical observations, is presented in a compact form.
Book Synopsis Laboratory Astrochemistry by : Stephan Schlemmer
Download or read book Laboratory Astrochemistry written by Stephan Schlemmer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-27 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading scientists in the field and intended for a broader readership, this is an ideal starting point for an overview of current research and developments. As such, the book covers a broad spectrum of laboratory astrophysics and chemistry, describing recent advances in experiments, as well as theoretical work, including fundamental physics and modeling chemical networks. For researchers as well as students and newcomers to the field.
Book Synopsis Chemistry and Spectroscopy of Interstellar Molecules by : Diethard K. Bohme
Download or read book Chemistry and Spectroscopy of Interstellar Molecules written by Diethard K. Bohme and published by [Tokyo] : University of Tokyo Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spectroscopy of the earth's Atmosphere and interstellar Medium by : K.N. Rao
Download or read book Spectroscopy of the earth's Atmosphere and interstellar Medium written by K.N. Rao and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spectroscopy of the Earth's Atmosphere and Interstellar Medium focuses on the characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum of the Earth's atmosphere in the far-infrared and microwave regions. It discusses the modes of observation in field measurements and reviews the two techniques used in the spectral region. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the effect of water-vapor absorption, followed by a discussion on the two frequently used method for deriving atmospheric parameters from high-resolution infrared atmospheric spectra, namely, the equivalent width (EW) technique and the nonlinear least-square fitting (NLSF). Other chapters consider the mechanisms by which interstellar clouds are formed. In addition, the book explores the composition of interstellar clouds, ion-molecule reactions, and the formation of stars. This book will be useful to anyone involved in, or interested in learning more about the field of atmospheric spectroscopy, including scientists, aeronomers, astronomers, astrophysicists, and students.
Book Synopsis Microwave and Millimeter Wave Astrochemistry by : Gilles Rapotchombo Adande
Download or read book Microwave and Millimeter Wave Astrochemistry written by Gilles Rapotchombo Adande and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in our understanding of the chemical composition of the interstellar medium leans both on laboratory analyses of high resolution rotational spectra from molecules that may be present in these regions, and on radio astronomical observations of molecular tracers to constrain astrochemical models. Due to the thermodynamic conditions in outer space, some molecules likely to be found in interstellar regions in relevant abundances are open shell radicals. In a series of laboratory studies, the pure rotational spectra of the transition metal containing radicals sulfur species ScS, YS, VS and ZnSH were obtained for the first time. In addition to accurate and precise rest frequencies for these species, bonding characteristics were determined from fine and hyperfine molecular parameters. It was found that these sulfides have a higher degree of covalent bonding than their mostly ionic oxide counterparts. Isomers and isotope ratios are excellent diagnostic tools for a variety of astrochemical models. From radio observations of isotopes of nitrile species, the galactic gradient of 14N/15N was accurately established. A further study of this ratio in carbon rich asymptotic giant branch stars provided observational evidence for an unknown process in J type carbon stars, and highlighted the need to update stellar nucleosynthesis models. Proper radiative transfer modeling of the emission spectra of interstellar molecules can yield a wealth of information about the abundance and distribution of these species within the observed sources. To model the asymmetric emission of SO and SO2 in oxygen-rich supergiants, an in-house code was developed, and successfully applied to gain insight into circumstellar sulfur chemistry of VY Canis Majoris. It was concluded that current astrochemistry kinetic models, based on spherical symmetry assumptions, need to be revisited.
Book Synopsis Studies in Laboratory Spectroscopy and Radio Astronomy: From Simple Hydrides to Complex Organic Molecules by : DeWayne Terrence Halfen
Download or read book Studies in Laboratory Spectroscopy and Radio Astronomy: From Simple Hydrides to Complex Organic Molecules written by DeWayne Terrence Halfen and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are two main objectives for this thesis. First, laboratory rotational spectra of metal-containing molecules were measured using the millimeter-wave spectrometers of the Ziurys group. Second, radio astronomical observations were performed on a number of the molecules measured in the laboratory, along with several organic species. The laboratory work is essential to the discovery of new molecules in the interstellar medium, and the understanding of the chemical composition of the universe. Identification of these species can only occur after their pure rotational spectra have been measured. Therefore, an investigation of the rotational spectra of several classes of molecules was performed including metal-bearing hydrides, chlorides, carbon-containing species, and molecular ions. The experimental measurements were aided by necessary improvements in the operation of the spectrometers. Many of these species had not been observed by any spectroscopic technique, including CaC, CuCH3, FeCO+ and VCl+. Several of these molecules exhibited unusual interactions that complicated the analysis of their spectra, such as VCl, TiCl+, VCl+, and FeCO+. Synthesis of these species required exotic production techniques, including the use of Broida ovens and AC and DC discharges. Astronomical observations of several of the molecules studied in the laboratory were conducted, and upper limits to the abundances obtained. Additional searches for more of the species studied are planned. A region in the Galactic center with a complex chemical composition called Sgr B2(N) was recognized through observations of N2O. Several organic species were then searched for in this source. The detection of the simple sugar glycolaldehyde was confirmed by observing all of the favorable transitions of this molecule in Sgr B2(N). A standard set of criteria for identifying complex organic molecules was drawn up as a result of this study. This investigation led to an attempt to confirm a larger sugar, dihydroxyacetone. Unfortunately the detection of this species was proven false, and a limit could be placed on the chemical complexity of this source.
Book Synopsis Molecular Astrophysics by : Geerd H.F. Diercksen
Download or read book Molecular Astrophysics written by Geerd H.F. Diercksen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: and In the IAU Symposium of 1979 devoted to interstellar molecules [8]. Excellent relevant monographs [ 9. 10] . related timely proceedings [ 11] . and recently published elementary textbooks [12. 13] further help to define the pedagogical scope of molecular astrophysics. A significant financial investment has been made in the establishment of ground- and satellite-based observationai facilities for molecuiar astrophysical studies. In the coming years. a wealth of experimental data is bound to accumulate. in which connection close interactions between observers. astrophysical modeliers. and molecular physicists and chemists can play a helpful role in analysis and interpretation. In view of the increasing pace of activity in the field of molecular astrophysics. and in the apparent absence of relevant international meetings since the Liege 1977 and IAU 1979 Symposia. it was deemed appropriate and timely by the organizers to hold a workshop in 1984. Consequently. the NATO Advanced Research Workshop. "Molecular Astrophysics State of the Art and Future Directions". was organized and held at Bad Wlndshelm. West Germany. from 8 to 14 July 1984. The choice of speakers and subject matter of the Workshop was largely subjective. but designed to include most of the generally accepted areas of molecular astrophysical study. Workers from the fields of radio. infrared. and uv-optlcal observations. astrophysical modelling. laboratory spectroscopy. reaction chemistry. collision physics. and theoretical molecular physics and chemistry. were Invited to present survey lectures In their areas of speciality. In addition.
Book Synopsis Astrochemistry by : Olivia Harper Wilkins
Download or read book Astrochemistry written by Olivia Harper Wilkins and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2021-07-21 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The answers to some of the most fundamental questions in science lie between the stars, in molecular clouds that serve as celestial laboratories. Disentangling the chemistries in extraterrestrial environments can provide clues about how planets form and shed light on problems in terrestrial chemistry that are difficult to investigate in the lab, and even the origins of life. Astrochemistry takes you on a tour of the molecular universe through time and space, starting with the emergence of matter about 13.8 billion years ago. From there, the tour visits the interstellar medium, with an emphasis on molecular clouds where stars are born. It then goes through different evolutionary stages of stars and planets – and the chemistry that emerges alongside them – before ending in our own solar system, where you will learn about chemical delivery by objects such as comets and meteorites.
Book Synopsis Millimeter/submillimeter Wavelength Spectroscopy of Prebiotic Interstellar Molecules with Complex Internal Motion by : Connor Jorden Wright
Download or read book Millimeter/submillimeter Wavelength Spectroscopy of Prebiotic Interstellar Molecules with Complex Internal Motion written by Connor Jorden Wright and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chemistry of the Interstellar Medium (ISM) is now known to be rich, highly complex, and highly heterogeneous. The identification of over 240 molecular species to date, several of them prebiotic in nature, has been driven entirely by first detecting and characterizing their spectra in the laboratory. Due to the structure specific nature of rotational spectroscopy, the bulk of said identifications have come from spectral line identifications with radio telescopes at microwave, millimeter, and submillimeter wavelengths. The laboratory assignment of rotational transitions can, however, become complicated by certain structural components of the molecules under investigation. Transition splittings caused by internal rotation, nuclear spin, or unpaired electron spin can make identification of molecules possessing these features difficult, especially in telescope data with overlapping molecular signals. Therefore, the spectra of three molecules with these complex internal motions (two of which are potential precursors to amino acids or other biologically relevant molecules in the ISM) have been investigated in the millimeter/submillimeter regime: pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH), the argon-methanol van der Waals cluster (Ar-CH3OH), and the aminomethyl radical (CH2NH2). Collection, assignment, and fits of their rotational spectra allow for future astronomical searches and identification. The results of the laboratory investigations and some preliminary searches in interstellar spectra are presented herein.
Book Synopsis Low Temperatures and Cold Molecules by : Ian W. M. Smith
Download or read book Low Temperatures and Cold Molecules written by Ian W. M. Smith and published by Imperial College Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together, for the first time, the results of recent research in areas ranging from the chemistry of cold interstellar clouds (10-20 K), through laboratory studies of the spectroscopy and kinetics of ions, radicals and molecules, to studies of molecules in liquid helium droplets, to attempts to create molecular (as distinct from atomic) Bose-Einstein condensates.
Book Synopsis Laboratory Investigations of the Spectra of Interstellar and Cometary Molecules by : Gerhard Herzberg
Download or read book Laboratory Investigations of the Spectra of Interstellar and Cometary Molecules written by Gerhard Herzberg and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Diffuse Interstellar Bands by : A.G.G.M. Tielens
Download or read book The Diffuse Interstellar Bands written by A.G.G.M. Tielens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mystery of the diffuse interstellar bands has been variously a curiosity, a co nundrum, and a nuisance for astronomers in the seven decades since the features were first noticed, but recently they have become a forefront issue in astrophysics. Ever since Paul Merrill, in a series of papers starting in 1934, pointed out the interstellar and unidentified nature of the bands, a Who's Who of twentieth century astronomers have tried their hands at solving the problem of identifying the carriers. Henry Norris Russell, Pol Swings, Otto Struve, Paul Ledoux, W. W. Morgan, Walter Adams, Jesse Greenstein, Lawrence Aller, and Gerhard Herzberg all briefly entered the stage, only to move on quickly to other problems where the chances for progress appeared more realistic. In more recent times a number of equally prominent scientists have pursued the bands, but generally only as a sideline to their real astronomical research. But in the past decade, and particularly in the past three years, the view of the search for the diffuse band absorbers as an interesting but perhaps quixotic quest has changed. Today there are several astronomers, as well as laboratory chemists, who are devoting substantial research time and resources to the problem and, as perhaps the most reliable indicator of the newly elevated status of research in this field, some research grants have now been awarded for the study of the bands.
Book Synopsis Rotational Spectra of Elusive Molecules in the Laboratory and in Space by : Silvia Spezzano
Download or read book Rotational Spectra of Elusive Molecules in the Laboratory and in Space written by Silvia Spezzano and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2014-07-29 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecules are important tools to unveil the history, the structure and the evolution of the Universe. In this thesis I underline the importance of high resolution spectroscopy in the laboratory and in space, and the symbiotic bond between laboratory spectroscopy and radioastronomy. My work is divided in two parts. The first part concerns high resolution spectroscopy of unstable molecules in the laboratory. The second part deals with radioastronomical observations of deuterated molecules in dense cores. The rotational spectra of CO+, 13CO+ and C18O+ in the v = 0 and 1 vibrational states have been measured in the submillimeter-wave range. Furthermore, the first THz spectra of the main isotopic species have been measured. An isotopically invariant fit has been performed, and a set of independent molecular parameters has been derived. The measured and predicted high frequency transitions of CO+ will guide new astronomical observations. Furthermore, an experimental setup to produce and probe ions in the laboratory, based on a new cryogenic discharge cell, has been developed and tested. The new experiment is presented, and some possible implementations for the future are discussed. The doubly deuterated cyclopropenylidene, c-C3D2, has been detected for the first time in space toward the starless cores TMC-1C and L1544. The chemistry that leads to the formation of c-C3D2 has been studied and is discussed in this thesis. The observed abundances c-C3D2 can be explained solely by gas-phase processes, supporting the idea that c-C3H2 is an excellent probe of gas-phase deuteration. Furthermore, l-C3HD has been tentatively detected towards TMC-1C and L1544. l-C3HD is the monodeuterated isotopologue of the linear isomer of cyclopropenylidene, propadienylidene.
Book Synopsis Optical Spectroscopy of Interstellar and Circumstellar Molecules by : Nadine Wehres
Download or read book Optical Spectroscopy of Interstellar and Circumstellar Molecules written by Nadine Wehres and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spectroscopy from Space by : Jean Demaison
Download or read book Spectroscopy from Space written by Jean Demaison and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many satellites have recently been launched or are in preparation, which operate in the microwave to IR ranges, the main objective being to observe the earth's atmosphere or interstellar clouds. Analysis of the data they supply requires extensive laboratory work because we still only have sufficiently accurate data (line positions, intensities, and profiles) for only a few species. Furthermore, the observer community is making increasing calls for laboratory data, as new development open up new observational possibilities (such as submillimeter observation). Research on these subjects involves many different areas of specialisation in fields of research that generate a wealth of data. In Spectroscopy from Space the people responsible for field observations explain which results they are expecting from their measurements and how laboratory people can help them to analyse their satellite data. Laboratory spectroscopists explain why what they can do now, and what kinds of experiment and theoretical development that might undertake to meet the needs of the remote sensing community. The problems of distributing reliable laboratory data in a timely way are also addressed.
Book Synopsis Studies of Atmospheric and Interstellar Molecules Using Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy by : Alex Jeffrey Huneycutt
Download or read book Studies of Atmospheric and Interstellar Molecules Using Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy written by Alex Jeffrey Huneycutt and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
