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La Structure Logique Des Mots Dans Les Langues Naturelles Consideree Au Point De Vue De Son Application Aux Langues Artificielles Berne Buchler 1918 68 S
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Book Synopsis La Structure logique des mots dans les langues naturelles, considérée au point de vue de son application aux langues artificielles, par René de Saussure by : René de Saussure
Download or read book La Structure logique des mots dans les langues naturelles, considérée au point de vue de son application aux langues artificielles, par René de Saussure written by René de Saussure and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis La structure logique des mots dans les langues naturelles, consideree au point de vue de son application aux langues artificielles. - Berne, Büchler 1918. 68 S. by : René de Saussure
Download or read book La structure logique des mots dans les langues naturelles, consideree au point de vue de son application aux langues artificielles. - Berne, Büchler 1918. 68 S. written by René de Saussure and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Linguistique et logique naturelle by : George Lakoff
Download or read book Linguistique et logique naturelle written by George Lakoff and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jusqu'a une date recente, il etait de regle dans les pays anglo-saxons de ne pas aborder de front le probleme de la signification en linguistique. Le texte de G. Lakoff, Linguistique et logique naturelle (1972) est de ce point de vue exemplaire ; il marque en effet un profond changement d'orientation. L'attention est dorenavant portee sur le rapport qui unit la logique, une certaine logique, dite logique naturelle, a la signification. Le postulat est que la structure grammaticale sous-jacente d'une phrase est la forme logique, c'est-a-dire semantique, de cette phrase. Ainsi la tache principale du linguiste-semanticien devient la definition et la description de notions telles que predicat et argument, proposition posee et ensemble presuppose, implication et hierarchie, modalites du discours, etc. C'est a partir de ce texte fondamental et d'autres signes par des linguistes americains partageant les memes preoccupations (Fillmore, Mc Cawley,...) que s'est constituee lasemantique generative.
Book Synopsis From Discourse to Logic by : Hans Kamp
Download or read book From Discourse to Logic written by Hans Kamp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993-07-31 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preface This book is about semantics and logic. More specifically, it is about the semantics and logic of natural language; and, even more specifically than that, it is about a particular way of dealing with those subjects, known as Discourse Representation Theory, or DRT. DRT is an approach towards natural language semantics which, some thirteen years ago, arose out of attempts to deal with two distinct problems. The first of those was the semantic puzzle that had been brought to contempo rary attention by Geach's notorious "donkey sentences" - sentences like If Pedro owns some donkey, he beats it, in which the anaphoric connection we perceive between the indefinite noun phrase some donkey and the pronoun it may seem to conflict with the existential meaning of the word some. The second problem had to do with tense and aspect. Some languages, for instance French and the other Romance languages, have two morphologically distinct past tenses, a simple past (the French Passe Simple) and a continuous past (the French Imparfait). To articulate precisely what the difference between these tenses is has turned out to be surprisingly difficult.
Book Synopsis La structure des langues by : Claude Hagège
Download or read book La structure des langues written by Claude Hagège and published by QUE SAIS-JE. This book was released on 2020-08-19T00:00:00+02:00 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Existe-t-il des traits universels dans la structure des langues, c’est-à-dire dans l’ensemble, plus ou moins cohérent, des principes qui en assurent le fonctionnement, sur le plan des sons, de la grammaire et du lexique ? C’est à cette question, qui fascine les philosophes et les linguistes depuis la nuit des temps, que cet ouvrage se propose de répondre. Pour ce faire, l’auteur s’appuie sur une analyse complète du matériau sonore, de l’organisation des énoncés mais aussi des rapports entre la langue, le sujet humain et la société à laquelle il appartient.
Book Synopsis L'analyse formelle des langues naturelles by : Noam Chomsky
Download or read book L'analyse formelle des langues naturelles written by Noam Chomsky and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-09-25 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Le langage et la pensée by : Henri Delacroix
Download or read book Le langage et la pensée written by Henri Delacroix and published by Editions Homme et Litterature. This book was released on 2023-10-24 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le grand linguiste Ferdinand de Saussure distingue dans le langage : la langue et la parole. La langue « est un ensemble de conventions nécessaires, adoptées par le corps social pour permettre l'exercice du langage chez les individus ». « Elle est la partie sociale du langage, extérieure à l'individu, qui à lui seul ne peut ni la créer, ni la modifier ; elle n'existe qu'en vertu d'une sorte de contrat passé entre les membres de la communauté. D'autre part l'individu a besoin d'un apprentissage pour en connaître le jeu ; l'enfant ne se l'assimile que peu à peu », La langue est un système de signes où il n'y a d'essentiel que l'union du sens et de l'image auditivo-motrice. Ce système n'est pas une fonction du sujet parlant. Il est l'œuvre d'une communauté linguistique et l'individu l'enregistre passivement. La parole au contraire est un acte individuel de volonté et d'intelligence « dans lequel il convient de distinguer : 1° les combinaisons par lesquelles le sujet parlant utilise le code de la langue en vue d'exprimer sa pensée personnelle ; 2° le mécanisme psychologique qui lui permet d'extérioriser ces combinaisons ». Cette distinction de la langue et de la parole est excellente. Mais je ne la crois pas suffisante. Je crois qu'il faut distinguer entre le langage et la langue et séparer plus nettement encore que ne le fait Saussure le parler ou la formulation verbale de la parole proprement dite. Selon la division que je propose il y aurait dans ce qu'on appelle communément langage quatre aspects nettement distincts : 1) Le langage proprement dit, c'est-à-dire la fonction humaine qui construit ou permet d'utiliser le système de signes appuyé sur des notions ordonnées par des relations, en quoi consiste toute langue. Toutes les langues, si diverses qu'elles soient, obéissent à certaines exigences fondamentales de la pensée et de la structure mentale de l'homme. Les langues sont des variations historiques et sociales sur le grand thème humain du langage ; 2) La langue, ensemble de conventions linguistiques qui correspond à un niveau d'esprit, à un moment du développement de l'esprit et de la civilisation. Elle préexiste à l'individu ; elle s'impose à lui ; elle lui survit. Elle est l’œuvre d'un groupe social, mais ce groupe est d'abord un groupe humain et la pensée humaine se retrouve dans son œuvre ; 3) Le parler ou la formulation verbale ; c'est-à-dire le sujet parlant, dans son maniement de la langue et sa soumission aux exigences du langage. Tout ce qui, dans la langue, n'est que latent et virtuel, passe à l'acte dans la conscience individuelle. En même temps qu'il subit la langue, le sujet parlant réagit sur elle. La langue n'est pas fixée une fois pour toutes. L'individu contribue à la maintenir et à la réformer. La liberté et la contrainte s'entre-croisent dans son esprit ; 4) La parole, qui n'est pas autre chose que le mécanisme psychophysique qui permet au sujet parlant d'extérioriser le système linguistique. La parole est un système auditivo-moteur. Elle est du point de vue moteur la coordination de l'expiration, de la phonation, de l'articulation. Elle est du point de vue auditif, le mécanisme de l'audition verbale. Elle est la synergie du système auditif et du système moteur, qui se construisent simultanément et par interaction, comme nous le montre très bien l'apprentissage du langage par l'enfant. L'oreille de l'enfant ne se forme-t-elle pas à l'audition verbale dans la mesure où sa voix réussit à émettre les sons qu'il entend ? et les modèles sonores qu'il perçoit, confusément d'abord, ne donnent-ils pas une forme nouvelle à son babillage spontané ?...
Book Synopsis L'analyse Formelle Des Langues Naturelles by : Noam Chomsky
Download or read book L'analyse Formelle Des Langues Naturelles written by Noam Chomsky and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis L'inférence en langue naturelle by : Jacques Jayez
Download or read book L'inférence en langue naturelle written by Jacques Jayez and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Knowledge First written by J. Adam Carter and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Knowledge-First' constitutes what is widely regarded as one of the most significant innovations in contemporary epistemology in the past 25 years. Knowledge-first epistemology is the idea that knowledge per se should not be analysed in terms of its constituent parts (e.g., justification, belief), but rather that these and other notions should be analysed in terms of the concept of knowledge. This volume features a substantive introduction and 13 original essaysfrom leading and up-and-coming philosophers on the topic of knowledge-first philosophy. The contributors' essays range from foundational issues to applications of this project to other disciplinesincluding the philosophy of mind, the philosophy of perception, ethics and action theory. Knowledge First: Approaches in Epistemology and Mind aims to provide a relatively open-ended forum for creative and original scholarship with the potential to contribute and advance debates connected with this philosophical project.
Book Synopsis Thoughts on grammaticalization by : Christian Lehmann
Download or read book Thoughts on grammaticalization written by Christian Lehmann and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-05-23 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Thoughts on grammaticalization" was first published in a working-paper version in 1982 and became very influential immediately, even though it was properly published only in 1995. Despite its modest title, the book can be read as an advanced introduction to grammaticalization, though its conception is very original. The present edition contains a number of corrections of the 1995 edition. After a short review of the history of research, the work introduces and delimits the concepts related to grammaticalization. It then provides extensive exemplification of grammaticalization phenomena in diverse languages, ordered by grammatical domains such as the verbal, pronominal and nominal sphere and clause level relations. The final chapter presents a theory of grammaticalization which is based on the autonomy of the linguistic sign with respect to the paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes. This is the basis of the structural parameters that constitute grammaticalization. They are operationalized to the point of rendering degrees of grammaticalization measurable.
Book Synopsis Roots of language by : Derek Bickerton
Download or read book Roots of language written by Derek Bickerton and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2016-02-05 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Roots of language was originally published in 1981 by Karoma Press (Ann Arbor). It was the first work to systematically develop a theory first suggested by Coelho in the late nineteenth century: that the creation of creole languages somehow reflected universal properties of language. The book also proposed that the same set of properties would be found to emerge in normal first-language acquisition and must have emerged in the original evolution of language. These proposals, some of which were elaborated in an article in Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1984), were immediately controversial and gave rise to a great deal of subsequent research in creoles, much of it aimed at rebutting the theory. The book also served to legitimize and stimulate research in language evolution, a topic regarded as off-limits by linguists for over a century. The present edition contains a foreword by the author bringing the theory up to date; a fuller exposition of many of its aspects can be found in the author's most recent work, More than nature needs (Harvard University Press, 2014).
Download or read book Epistemic Value written by Adrian Haddock and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2009-09-03 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epistemic Value is a collection of new essays by leading epistemologists, focusing on questions regarding the value of knowledge, such as: Is knowledge more valuable than true belief? Is truth the central value informing epistemic appraisal, or do other values enter the picture?
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory by : Jenny Audring
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory written by Jenny Audring and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019 with total page 751 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Morphology, the science of words, is a complex theoretical landscape, where a multitude of frameworks, each with their own tenets and formalism, compete for the explanation of linguistic facts. The Oxford Handbook of Morphological Theory is a comprehensive guide through this jungle of morphological theories. It provides a rich and up-to-date overview of theoretical frameworks, from Structuralism to Optimality Theory and from Minimalism to Construction Morphology...
Book Synopsis Knowledge and Inquiry by : Erik J. Olsson
Download or read book Knowledge and Inquiry written by Erik J. Olsson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-13 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this volume contribute substantially to the understanding of Isaac Levi's work.
Book Synopsis The empirical base of linguistics by : Carson T. Schütze
Download or read book The empirical base of linguistics written by Carson T. Schütze and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2015-12-24 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout much of the history of linguistics, grammaticality judgments - intuitions about the well-formedness of sentences - have constituted most of the empirical base against which theoretical hypothesis have been tested. Although such judgments often rest on subtle intuitions, there is no systematic methodology for eliciting them, and their apparent instability and unreliability have led many to conclude that they should be abandoned as a source of data. Carson T. Schütze presents here a detailed critical overview of the vast literature on the nature and utility of grammaticality judgments and other linguistic intuitions, and the ways they have been used in linguistic research. He shows how variation in the judgment process can arise from factors such as biological, cognitive, and social differences among subjects, the particular elicitation method used, and extraneous features of the materials being judged. He then assesses the status of judgments as reliable indicators of a speaker's grammar. Integrating substantive and methodological findings, Schütze proposes a model in which grammaticality judgments result from interaction of linguistic competence with general cognitive processes. He argues that this model provides the underpinning for empirical arguments to show that once extragrammatical variance is factored out, universal grammar succumbs to a simpler, more elegant analysis than judgment data initially lead us to expect. Finally, Schütze offers numerous practical suggestions on how to collect better and more useful data. The result is a work of vital importance that will be required reading for linguists, cognitive psychologists, and philosophers of language alike.
Book Synopsis Correspondence and Disquotation by : Marian Alexander David
Download or read book Correspondence and Disquotation written by Marian Alexander David and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: They reject the correspondence theory, insist truth is anemic, and advance an "anti-theory" of truth that is essentially a collection of platitudes: "Snow is white" is true if and only if snow is white; "Grass is green" is true if and only if grass is green. According to disquotationalists, the only profound insight about truth is that it lacks profundity. David contrasts the correspondence theory with disquotationalism and then develops the latter position in rich detail - more than has been available in previous literature - to show its faults.
