La Medecine Entre Les Savoirs Et Les Pouvoirs

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Exclusions

Author : Julie Fette
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801463998
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Exclusions by : Julie Fette

Download or read book Exclusions written by Julie Fette and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-27 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1930s, the French Third Republic banned naturalized citizens from careers in law and medicine for up to ten years after they had obtained French nationality. In 1940, the Vichy regime permanently expelled all lawyers and doctors born of foreign fathers and imposed a 2 percent quota on Jews in both professions. On the basis of extensive archival research, Julie Fette shows in Exclusions that doctors and lawyers themselves, despite their claims to embody republican virtues, persuaded the French state to enact this exclusionary legislation. At the crossroads of knowledge and power, lawyers and doctors had long been dominant forces in French society: they ran hospitals and courts, doubled as university professors, held posts in parliament and government, and administered justice and public health for the nation. Their social and political influence was crucial in spreading xenophobic attitudes and rendering them more socially acceptable in France. Fette traces the origins of this professional protectionism to the late nineteenth century, when the democratization of higher education sparked efforts by doctors and lawyers to close ranks against women and the lower classes in addition to foreigners. The legislatively imposed delays on the right to practice law and medicine remained in force until the 1970s, and only in 1997 did French lawyers and doctors formally recognize their complicity in the anti-Semitic policies of the Vichy regime. Fette's book is a powerful contribution to the argument that French public opinion favored exclusionary measures in the last years of the Third Republic and during the Holocaust.

Tibetan Medicine in the Contemporary World

Author : Laurent Pordié
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134061560
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Tibetan Medicine in the Contemporary World by : Laurent Pordié

Download or read book Tibetan Medicine in the Contemporary World written by Laurent Pordié and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The popularity of Tibetan medicine plays a central role in the international market for alternative medicine and has been increasing and extending far beyond its original cultural area becoming a global phenomenon. This book analyses Tibetan medicine in the 21st century by considering the contemporary reasons that have led to its diversity and by bringing out the common orientations of this medical system. Using case studies that examine of the social, political and identity dynamics of Tibetan medicine in Nepal, India, the PRC, Mongolia, the UK and the US, the contributors to this book answer the following three, fundamental questions: What are the modalities and issues involved in the social and therapeutic transformations of Tibetan medicine? How are national policies and health reforms connected to the processes of contemporary redefinition of this medicine? How does Tibetan medicine fit into the present, globalized context of the medical world? Written by experts in the field from the US, France, Canada, China and the UK this book will be invaluable to students and scholars interested in contemporary medicine, Tibetan studies, health studies and the anthropology of Asia. 'Winner of the ICAS Colleagues Choice Award 2009"

Becoming a Physician

Author : Thomas Neville Bonner
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801864827
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Becoming a Physician by : Thomas Neville Bonner

Download or read book Becoming a Physician written by Thomas Neville Bonner and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the social, intellectual, and political context in which medical education took place, Thomas Neville Bonner offers a detailed analysis of transformations in medical instruction in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and the United States between the Enlightenment and World War II. From a unique comparative perspective, this study considers how divergent approaches to medical instruction in these countries mirrored as well as impacted their particular cultural contexts. The book opens with an examination of key developments in medical education during the late eighteenth century and continues by tracing the evolution of clinical teaching practices in the early 1800s. It then charts the rise of laboratory-based teaching in the nineteenth century and the progression toward the establishment of university standards for medical education during the early twentieth century. Throughout, the author identifies changes in medical student populations and student life, including the opportunities available for women and minorities.

Doctors, Politics and Society: Historical Essays

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004418334
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Doctors, Politics and Society: Historical Essays by :

Download or read book Doctors, Politics and Society: Historical Essays written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The great British reformer Jeremy Bentham wrote that 'the art of legislation is but the art of healing practised upon a large scale'. He added that 'It is the common endeavour of both to relieve men from the miseries of life. But the physician relieves them one by one: the legislator by millions at a time'. Bentham raised the question of the interplay of medicine with politics. It forms an important topic with powerful contemporary overtones. This volume, containing eleven essays plus a lengthy introduction, seeks to explore it historically. It takes a long perspective, covering the last two centuries and also an international viewpoint, examining Britain in detail but also containing contributions dealing with the United States, Germany, Russia and France.

Inheriting Madness

Author : Ian Dowbiggin
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520909933
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Inheriting Madness by : Ian Dowbiggin

Download or read book Inheriting Madness written by Ian Dowbiggin and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1991-05-14 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, one of the recurring arguments in psychiatry has been that heredity is the root cause of mental illness. In Inheriting Madness, Ian Dowbiggin traces the rise in popularity of hereditarianism in France during the second half of the nineteenth century to illuminate the nature and evolution of psychiatry during this period. In Dowbiggin's mind, this fondness for hereditarianism stemmed from the need to reconcile two counteracting factors. On the one hand, psychiatrists were attempting to expand their power and privileges by excluding other groups from the treatment of the mentally ill. On the other hand, medicine's failure to effectively diagnose, cure, and understand the causes of madness made it extremely difficult for psychiatrists to justify such an expansion. These two factors, Dowbiggin argues, shaped the way psychiatrists thought about insanity, encouraging them to adopt hereditarian ideas, such as the degeneracy theory, to explain why psychiatry had failed to meet expectations. Hereditarian theories, in turn, provided evidence of the need for psychiatrists to assume more authority, resources, and cultural influence. Inheriting Madness is a forceful reminder that psychiatric notions are deeply rooted in the social, political, and cultural history of the profession itself. At a time when genetic interpretations of mental disease are again in vogue, Dowbiggin demonstrates that these views are far from unprecedented, and that in fact they share remarkable similarities with earlier theories. A familiarity with the history of the psychiatric profession compels the author to ask whether or not public faith in it is warranted.

William Hunter and the Eighteenth-Century Medical World

Author : W. F. Bynum
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521525176
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (251 download)

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Book Synopsis William Hunter and the Eighteenth-Century Medical World by : W. F. Bynum

Download or read book William Hunter and the Eighteenth-Century Medical World written by W. F. Bynum and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-06-27 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays on the career of William Hunter, physician, obstetrician, medical educator and man of culture.

Medical Muses

Author : Asti Hustvedt
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1408822350
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Medical Muses by : Asti Hustvedt

Download or read book Medical Muses written by Asti Hustvedt and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1862 the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris became the epicenter of the study of hysteria, the mysterious illness then thought to affect half of all women. There, prominent neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot's contentious methods caused furore within the church and divided the medical community. Treatments included hypnosis, piercing and the evocation of demons and, despite the controversy they caused, the experiments became a fascinating and fashionable public spectacle. Medical Muses tells the stories of the women institutionalised in the Salpêtrière. Theirs is a tale of science and ideology, medicine and the occult, of hypnotism, sadism, love and theatre. Combining hospital records, municipal archives, memoirs and letters, Medical Muses sheds new light on a crucial moment in psychiatric history.

French Medical Culture in the Nineteenth Century

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004418350
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis French Medical Culture in the Nineteenth Century by :

Download or read book French Medical Culture in the Nineteenth Century written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eleven essays in this volume illustrate the richness, complexity, and diversity of French medical culture in the nineteenth century, a period that witnessed the medicalization of French society. Medical themes permeated contemporary culture and politics, and medical discourse infused many levels of French society from the bastions of science - the medical faculties and research institutions - to novels, the theater, and the daily lives of citizens as patients. The contributors to this volume - all established scholars in the history of medicine - present the French medical experience from the point of view of both practitioners and patients, and show how medical themes colored popular perceptions and shaped public policies. Topics addressed range from popular medicine to elite Parisian medicine, the interaction of literary and medical discourse, social theater, medical research and practice, medical specialization and education. The essays reflect current trends of medico-historical analysis which emphasize the centrality of class, race, and gender in understanding concepts of disease and the practice of medicine. They show how the medical experience of patients, practitioners, students, and researchers varied according to social class, gender, and geography and the importance of these factors for the construction of disease.

Conflicts of Interest and the Future of Medicine

Author : Marc A. Rodwin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199330433
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis Conflicts of Interest and the Future of Medicine by : Marc A. Rodwin

Download or read book Conflicts of Interest and the Future of Medicine written by Marc A. Rodwin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-03 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Marc Rodwin examines the development of conflicts of interest in the health care systems of the US, France, and Japan. He shows that national differences in the organization of medical practice and the interplay of organized medicine, the market, and the state give rise to variations in the type and prevalence of such conflicts, and then analyzes the strategies that each nation employs to cope with them. Drawing on the experiences of these three nations, Conflicts of Interest and the Future of Medicine demonstrates that we can mitigate these problems with carefully planned reform and regulation.

The Emergence of Tropical Medicine in France

Author : Michael A. Osborne
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022611466X
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis The Emergence of Tropical Medicine in France by : Michael A. Osborne

Download or read book The Emergence of Tropical Medicine in France written by Michael A. Osborne and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-03-24 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Emergence of Tropical Medicine in France examines the turbulent history of the ideas, people, and institutions of French colonial and tropical medicine from their early modern origins through World War I. Until the 1890s colonial medicine was in essence naval medicine, taught almost exclusively in a system of provincial medical schools built by the navy in the port cities of Brest, Rochefort-sur-Mer, Toulon, and Bordeaux. Michael A. Osborne draws out this separate species of French medicine by examining the histories of these schools and other institutions in the regional and municipal contexts of port life. Each site was imbued with its own distinct sensibilities regarding diet, hygiene, ethnicity, and race, all of which shaped medical knowledge and practice in complex and heretofore unrecognized ways. Osborne argues that physicians formulated localized concepts of diseases according to specific climatic and meteorological conditions, and assessed, diagnosed, and treated patients according to their ethnic and cultural origins. He also demonstrates that regions, more so than a coherent nation, built the empire and specific medical concepts and practices. Thus, by considering tropical medicine’s distinctive history, Osborne brings to light a more comprehensive and nuanced view of French medicine, medical geography, and race theory, all the while acknowledging the navy’s crucial role in combating illness and investigating the racial dimensions of health.

Constructing Paris Medicine

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004333282
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Constructing Paris Medicine by :

Download or read book Constructing Paris Medicine written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-08-29 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Paris Clinical School of the nineteenth century has long been recognized as an important turning point in the development of modern scientific medicine. In this volume of essays, leading scholars take a fresh look at the meaning and significance of the Paris clinic for the history of medicine and reassess the analysis of the two most noted authors on the topic in the twentieth century, Erwin H. Ackernecht and Michel Foucault. The contributors offer new insights into the development and influence of Paris medicine and challenge many aspects of accepted interpretation. Their research opens the way for new areas of investigation in understanding major transitions in medicine

The History of Public Health and the Modern State

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004418369
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of Public Health and the Modern State by :

Download or read book The History of Public Health and the Modern State written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-06-22 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on whether the construction of a public health system is an inherent characteristic of the managerial function of modern political systems. Thus, each essay traces the steps leading to the growth of health government in various nations, examining the specific conflicts and contradictions which each incurred.

The Development of Modern Medicine in Non-Western Countries

Author : Hormoz Ebrahimnejad
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134062478
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis The Development of Modern Medicine in Non-Western Countries by : Hormoz Ebrahimnejad

Download or read book The Development of Modern Medicine in Non-Western Countries written by Hormoz Ebrahimnejad and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-01-13 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of medicine in non-European countries has often been characterized by the study of their native "traditional" medicine, such as (Galenico-)Islamic medicine, and Ayurvedic or Chinese medicine. Modern medicine in these countries, on the other hand, has usually been viewed as a Western corpus of knowledge and institution, juxtaposing or replacing the native medicine but without any organic relation with the local context. By discarding categories like Islamic, Indian, or Chinese medicine as the myths invented by modern (Western) historiography in the aftermath of the colonial and post colonial periods, the book proposes to bridge the gap between Western and 'non-Western' medicines, opening a new perspective in medical historiography in which 'modern medicine' becomes an integral part of the history of medicine in non-European countries. Through essays and case studies of medical modernization, this volume particularly calls into question the categorization of ‘Western’ and ‘non-Western’ medicine and challenges the idea that modern medicine could only be developed in its Western birthplace and then imported to and practised as such to the rest of the world. Against the concept of a ‘project’ of modernization at the heart of the history of modern medicine in non-Western countries, the chapters of this book describe ‘processes’ of medical development by highlighting the active involvement of local elements. The book’s emphasis is thus on the ‘modernization’ or ‘construction’ of modern medicine rather that on the diffusion of ‘modern medicine’ as an ontological entity beyond the West.

The Physician-Legislators of France

Author : Jack D. Ellis
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521382083
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physician-Legislators of France by : Jack D. Ellis

Download or read book The Physician-Legislators of France written by Jack D. Ellis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-09-28 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the causes and significance of the political influence gained by French medical doctors between 1870-1914.

The Oxford Handbook of Modern French Philosophy

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192579002
Total Pages : 769 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Modern French Philosophy by :

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Modern French Philosophy written by and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-06-25 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: French philosophy is an internationally celebrated national philosophical tradition, and this Oxford Handbook offers a comprehensive approach to its history since 1800. The Handbook features essays written by renowned international specialists, illuminating key movements and positions, themes and thinkers in nineteenth-, twentieth- and even twenty-first-century French philosophy. The volume takes into account developments in recent historical scholarship by broadening the notion of Modern French Philosophy in two ways. Whereas recent approaches in the field have often ignored early nineteenth-century developments, this volume offers comprehensive treatment of French thought of this period in order to grasp better later developments. Moreover, the volume extends the canon at the other end of the period of Modern French Philosophy by including work on philosophers who have come to prominence only in the last ten or twenty years. The volume takes 'French philosophy' in a broad sense to include all philosophy carried out in France over the last 200 years, and it illuminates the institutional and cultural background of this national philosophical tradition in such a way as to provide a fuller and more comprehensive understanding of its unity and of its more famous moments in the twentieth century.

Translation Revisited

Author : Mamadou Diawara
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1527526259
Total Pages : 551 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (275 download)

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Book Synopsis Translation Revisited by : Mamadou Diawara

Download or read book Translation Revisited written by Mamadou Diawara and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2019-01-17 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How realistic is it to expect translation to render the world intelligible in a context shaped by different historical trajectories and experiences? Can we rely on human universals to translate through the unique and specific webs of meaning that languages represent? If knowledge production is a kind of translation, then it is fair to assume that the possibility of translation has largely rested on the idea that Western experience is the repository of these human universals against the background of which different human experiences can be rendered intelligible. The problem with this assumption, however, is that there are limits to Western claims to universalism, mainly because these claims were at the service of the desire to justify imperial expansion. This book addresses issues arising from these claims to universalism in the process of producing knowledge about diverse African social realities. It shows that the idea of knowledge production as translation can be usefully deployed to inquire into how knowledge of Africa translates into an imperial attempt at changing local norms, institutions and spiritual values. Translation, in this sense, is the normalization of meanings issuing from a local historical experience claiming to be universal. The task of producing knowledge of African social realities cannot be adequately addressed without a prior critical engagement with how translation has come to shape our ways of rendering Africa intelligible.

Global Forensic Cultures

Author : Ian Burney
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421427508
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Forensic Cultures by : Ian Burney

Download or read book Global Forensic Cultures written by Ian Burney and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2019-05-21 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays explore forensic science in global and historical context, opening a critical window onto contemporary debates about the universal validity of present-day genomic forensic practices. Contemporary forensic science has achieved unprecedented visibility as a compelling example of applied expertise. But the common public view—that we are living in an era of forensic deliverance, one exemplified by DNA typing—has masked the reality: that forensic science has always been unique, problematic, and contested. Global Forensic Cultures aims to rectify this problem by recognizing the universality of forensic questions and the variety of practices and institutions constructed to answer them. Groundbreaking essays written by leaders in the field address the complex and contentious histories of forensic techniques. Contributors also examine the co-evolution of these techniques with the professions creating and using them, with the systems of governance and jurisprudence in which they are used, and with the socioeconomic, political, racial, and gendered settings of that use. Exploring the profound effect of "location" (temporal and spatial) on the production and enactment of forms of forensic knowledge during the century before CSI became a household acronym, the book explores numerous related topics, including the notion of burden of proof, changing roles of experts and witnesses, the development and dissemination of forensic techniques and skills, the financial and practical constraints facing investigators, and cultures of forensics and of criminality within and against which forensic practitioners operate. Covering sites of modern and historic forensic innovation in the United States, Europe, and farther-flung imperial and global settings, these essays tell stories of blood, poison, corpses; tracking persons and attesting documents; truth-making, egregious racism, and sinister surveillance. Each chapter is a finely grained case study. Collectively, Global Forensic Cultures supplies a historical foundation for the critical appraisal of contemporary forensic institutions which has begun in the wake of DNA-based exonerations. Contributors: Bruno Bertherat, José Ramón Bertomeu Sánchez, Binyamin Blum, Ian Burney, Marcus B. Carrier, Simon A. Cole, Christopher Hamlin, Jeffrey Jentzen, Projit Bihari Mukharji, Quentin (Trais) Pearson, Mitra Sharafi, Gagan Preet Singh, Heather Wolffram