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The Gates of Power

Author : Mikael S. Adolphson
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824823344
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (233 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gates of Power by : Mikael S. Adolphson

Download or read book The Gates of Power written by Mikael S. Adolphson and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2000-07-01 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The political influence of temples in premodern Japan, most clearly manifested in divine demonstrations—where rowdy monks and shrine servants brought holy symbols to the capital to exert pressure on courtiers—has traditionally been condemned and is poorly understood. In an impressive examination of this intriguing aspect of medieval Japan, the author employs a wide range of previously neglected sources to argue that religious protest was a symptom of political factionalism in the capital rather than its cause. It is his contention that religious violence can be traced primarily to attempts by secular leaders to rearrange religious and political hierarchies to their own advantage, thereby leaving disfavored religious institutions to fend for their accustomed rights and status. In this context, divine demonstrations became the preferred negotiating tool for monastic complexes. For almost three centuries, such strategies allowed a handful of elite temples to maintain enough of an equilibrium to sustain and defend the old style of rulership even against the efforts of the Ashikaga Shogunate in the mid-fourteenth century. By acknowledging temples and monks as legitimate co-rulers, The Gates of Power provides a new synthesis of Japanese rulership from the late Heian (794–1185) to the early Muromachi (1336–1573) eras, offering a unique and comprehensive analysis that brings together the spheres of art, religion, ideas, and politics in medieval Japan.

The Origins of Japan’s Medieval World

Author : Jeffrey P. Mass
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780804743792
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (437 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Japan’s Medieval World by : Jeffrey P. Mass

Download or read book The Origins of Japan’s Medieval World written by Jeffrey P. Mass and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pioneering collection of 15 essays argues that Japan's medieval age began in the 14th century rather than the 12th, and marks the beginning of a fundamentally new debate about how Japan's lengthy classical period finally ended.

From Cotton Mill to Business Empire

Author : Elisabeth Köll
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 1684173914
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (841 download)

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Book Synopsis From Cotton Mill to Business Empire by : Elisabeth Köll

Download or read book From Cotton Mill to Business Empire written by Elisabeth Köll and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-08-25 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The demise of state-owned enterprises, the transformation of collectives into shareholding cooperatives, and the creation of investment opportunities through stock markets indicate China’s movement from a socialist, state-controlled economy toward a socialist market economy. Yet, contrary to high expectations that China’s new enterprises will become like corporations in capitalist countries, management often remains under the control of the onetime bureaucrats who ran the socialist enterprises.The concepts, definitions, and interpretations of property rights, corporate structures, and business practices in contemporary China have historical, institutional, and cultural roots. In tracing the development under founder Zhang Jian (1853–1926) and his successors of the Dasheng Cotton Mill in Nantong into a business group encompassing, among other concerns, cotton, flour, and oil mills, land development companies, and shipping firms, the author documents the growth of regional enterprises as local business empires from the 1890s until the foundation of the People’s Republic in 1949. She focuses on the legal and managerial evolution of limited-liability firms in China, particularly issues of control and accountability; the introduction and management of industrial work in the countryside; and the integration and interdependency of local, national, and international markets in Republican China."

From Sovereign to Symbol

Author : Thomas Donald Conlan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199778116
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis From Sovereign to Symbol by : Thomas Donald Conlan

Download or read book From Sovereign to Symbol written by Thomas Donald Conlan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fourteenth-century Japan witnessed a conflict about the nature of power that was expressed through the rituals and institutions of two rival courts. Ultimately, political authority came to be asserted through the language of esoteric Buddhist rituals, which determined the parameters of political possibility in Japan.

Coins, Trade, and the State

Author : Ethan Issac Segal
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 1684175070
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (841 download)

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Book Synopsis Coins, Trade, and the State by : Ethan Issac Segal

Download or read book Coins, Trade, and the State written by Ethan Issac Segal and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Framed by the decline of the Heian aristocracy in the late 1100s and the rise of the Tokugawa shogunate in the early 1600s, Japan’s medieval era was a chaotic period of diffuse political power and frequent military strife. This instability prevented central authorities from regulating trade, issuing currency, enforcing contracts, or guaranteeing property rights. But the lack of a strong central government did not inhibit economic growth. Rather, it created opportunities for a wider spectrum of society to participate in trade, markets, and monetization. Peripheral elites—including merchants, warriors, rural estate managers, and religious leaders—devised new ways to circumvent older forms of exchange by importing Chinese currency, trading in local markets, and building an effective system of long-distance money remittance. Over time, the central government recognized the futility of trying to stifle these developments, and by the sixteenth century it asserted greater control over monetary matters throughout the realm. Drawing upon diaries, tax ledgers, temple records, and government decrees, Ethan Isaac Segal chronicles how the circulation of copper currency and the expansion of trade led to the start of a market-centered economy and laid the groundwork for Japan’s transformation into an early modern society.

Japanese Historians and the National Myths, 1600-1945

Author : John S. Brownlee
Publisher : UBC Press
ISBN 13 : 0774842547
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (748 download)

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Book Synopsis Japanese Historians and the National Myths, 1600-1945 by : John S. Brownlee

Download or read book Japanese Historians and the National Myths, 1600-1945 written by John S. Brownlee and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Japanese Historians and the National Myths, John Brownlee examines how Japanese historians between 1600 and 1945 interpreted the ancient myths of their origins. Ancient tales tell of Japan's creation in the Age of the Gods, and of Jinmu, a direct descendant of the Sun Goddess and first emperor of the imperial line. These founding myths went unchallenged until Confucian scholars in the Tokugawa period initiated a reassessment of the ancient history of Japan. These myths lay at the core of Japanese identity and provided legitimacy for the imperial state. Focusing on the theme of conflict and accommodation between scholars on one side and government and society on the other, Brownlee follows the historians' reactions to pressure and trends and their eventual understanding of history as a science in the service of the Japanese nation.

Sources of Japanese Tradition

Author : Yoshiko Kurata Dykstra
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231121393
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Sources of Japanese Tradition by : Yoshiko Kurata Dykstra

Download or read book Sources of Japanese Tradition written by Yoshiko Kurata Dykstra and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A perennial best-seller, Sources of Japanese Tradition has long been a staple in classrooms and libraries, a handy and comprehensive reference for scholars and students, and an engaging introduction for general readers. Now in its long-awaited second edition, this classic volume remains unrivaled for its wide selection of source readings on history, society, politics, education, philosophy, and religion in the land of the rising sun.

The Teeth and Claws of the Buddha

Author : Mikael S. Adolphson
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824865081
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis The Teeth and Claws of the Buddha by : Mikael S. Adolphson

Download or read book The Teeth and Claws of the Buddha written by Mikael S. Adolphson and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2007-02-28 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan’s monastic warriors have fared poorly in comparison to the samurai, both in terms of historical reputation and representations in popular culture. Often maligned and criticized for their involvement in politics and other secular matters, they have been seen as figures separate from the larger military class. However, as Mikael Adolphson reveals in his comprehensive and authoritative examination of the social origins of the monastic forces, political conditions, and warfare practices of the Heian (794–1185) and Kamakura (1185–1333) eras, these "monk-warriors"(sôhei) were in reality inseparable from the warrior class. Their negative image, Adolphson argues, is a construct that grew out of artistic sources critical of the established temples from the fourteenth century on. In deconstructing the sôhei image and looking for clues as to the characteristics, role, and meaning of the monastic forces, The Teeth and Claws of the Buddha highlights the importance of historical circumstances; it also points to the fallacies of allowing later, especially modern, notions of religion to exert undue influence on interpretations of the past. It further suggests that, rather than constituting a separate category of violence, religious violence needs to be understood in its political, social, military, and ideological contexts.

On the Process of Civilisation in Japan

Author : Wai Lau
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031114248
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis On the Process of Civilisation in Japan by : Wai Lau

Download or read book On the Process of Civilisation in Japan written by Wai Lau and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-03 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book charts the process of civilisation in Japan. Using the theory of civilising processes developed by Norbert Elias, the author examines the complex underlying structural and psychological processes from the seventh century to the twentieth century. Furthermore, by drawing on rich historical data, the author illustrates how these complex processes led the Japanese to see themselves as ‘more civilised’ than their forebears and neighbouring countries. Although the theory serves as an important reference point, the author draws on other works to address different complex questions surrounding Japanese development. Therefore, this book presents three key themes: first, it gives an alternative understanding of the complex developments of Japanese society; second, it intercedes into an ongoing debate about the applicability of Elias’s theory in a non-Western context; and third, it expands Elias’s theory.

A Year in Seventeenth-Century Kyoto

Author : Gerald Groemer
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824894650
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis A Year in Seventeenth-Century Kyoto by : Gerald Groemer

Download or read book A Year in Seventeenth-Century Kyoto written by Gerald Groemer and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2023-02-28 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before the twentieth century, Japanese religious and cultural life was shaped by a variety of yearly ceremonies, festivals, and customs. These annual events (nenju gyoji) included Shinto festivals in which participants danced through the night to boisterous music and Buddhist temple practices that honored deities, great priests, or temple founders with solemn rituals and prayers—and sometimes, when the Buddha was invoked, raucous dancing. Temples also hosted popular fairs, where holy objects and artwork were displayed to the faithful and curious. Countless other celebrations were held annually at the residences of the nobility and military elite and at commoner domiciles. Kyoto, the imperial—and cultural—capital since the eighth century, was the center of many of these events. From Kyoto festivals, rituals, and celebrations diffused to other parts of the land, ultimately shaping religious, artistic, and everyday life as a whole. By the seventeenth century the Kyoto public wished to inform itself more accurately about nenju gyoji and their dates and meanings. As a result, a growing number of guidebooks and almanacs were written and published for the urban populace. This volume is the first to present translations of two such publications. Introductory chapters explain Japanese conceptions of time and space within which annual celebrations took place and outline how ceremonies and festivals in and about Kyoto were chronicled, described, and interpreted from the earliest times to the seventeenth century. The final two chapters offer annotated translations of writings from the seventeenth century that catalogue and describe the dates, sites, meanings, and histories of many Kyoto annual events. The two works, one largely historical, the other more ethnographic in nature, indicate not only when and where observances and commemorations took place, but also how their authors understood the significance of each. Both translations feature a large number of illustrations depicting events as they appeared in Kyoto at the time.

Making History Matter

Author : Lisa Yoshikawa
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 1684175771
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (841 download)

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Book Synopsis Making History Matter by : Lisa Yoshikawa

Download or read book Making History Matter written by Lisa Yoshikawa and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-05-11 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Making History Matter explores the role history and historians played in imperial Japan’s nation and empire building from the 1890s to the 1930s. As ideological architects of this process, leading historians wrote and rewrote narratives that justified the expanding realm. Learning from their Prussian counterparts, they highlighted their empiricist methodology and their scholarly standpoint, to authenticate their perspective and to distinguish themselves from competing discourses. Simultaneously, historians affirmed imperial myths that helped bolster statist authoritarianism domestically and aggressive expansionism abroad. In so doing, they aligned politically with illiberal national leaders who provided funding and other support necessary to nurture the modern discipline of history. By the 1930s, the field was thriving and historians were crucial actors in nationwide commemorations and historical enterprises.Through a close reading of vast, multilingual sources, with a focus on Kuroita Katsumi, Lisa Yoshikawa argues that scholarship and politics were inseparable as Japan’s historical profession developed. In the process of making history matter, historians constructed a national past to counter growing interwar liberalism. This outlook—which continues as the historical perspective that the Liberal Democratic Party leadership embraces—ultimately justified the Japanese aggressions during the Asia-Pacific Wars."

Law’s Political Foundations

Author : John O. Haley
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1785368508
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (853 download)

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Book Synopsis Law’s Political Foundations by : John O. Haley

Download or read book Law’s Political Foundations written by John O. Haley and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2016-06-24 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Law’s Political Foundations explains the development of the two basic systems of public and private law and their historical transformations. Examining the historical development of law in China, Japan, Western Europe, and Hispanic America, Haley argues that law is a product, rather than a constitutive element, of political systems.

Genders and Classifiers

Author : Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald
Publisher : Explorations in Linguistic Typ
ISBN 13 : 0198842015
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Genders and Classifiers by : Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald

Download or read book Genders and Classifiers written by Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald and published by Explorations in Linguistic Typ. This book was released on 2019-08-03 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a comprehensive account of the typology of noun classification across the world's languages. Every language has some means of categorizing objects into humans, or animates, or by their shape, form, size, and function. The most widespread are linguistic genders - grammatical classes of nouns based on core semantic properties such as sex (female and male), animacy, humanness, and also shape and size. Classifiers of several types also serve to categorize entities. Numeral classifiers occur with number words, possessive classifiers appear in the expressions of possession, and verbal classifiers are used on a verb, categorizing its argument. These varied sorts of genders and classifiers can also occur together. This volume elaborates on the expression, usage, history, and meanings of noun categorization devices, exploring their various facets across the languages of South America and Asia, which are known for the diversity of their noun categorization. The volume begins with a typological introduction that outlines the types of noun categorization devices and their expression, scope, functions, and development, as well as sociocultural aspects of their use. The following nine chapters provide in-depth studies of genders and classifiers of different types in a range of South American and Asian languages and language families, including Arawak languages, Zamucoan, Hmong, and Japanese.

Sources of Japanese Tradition

Author : Wm. Theodore De Bary
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231518056
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Sources of Japanese Tradition by : Wm. Theodore De Bary

Download or read book Sources of Japanese Tradition written by Wm. Theodore De Bary and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2002-04-10 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sources of Japanese Tradition is a best-selling classic, unrivaled for its wide selection of source readings on history, society, politics, education, philosophy, and religion in the Land of the Rising Sun. In this long-awaited second edition, the editors have revised or retranslated most of the texts in the original 1958 edition, and added a great many selections not included or translated before. They have also restructured volume 1 to span the period from the early Japanese chronicles to the end of the sixteenth century. New additions include: * readings on early and medieval Shinto and on the tea ceremony, * readings on state Buddhism and Chinese political thought influential in Japan, and * sections on women's education, medieval innovations in the uses of history, and laws and precepts of the medieval warrior houses. Together, the selections shed light on the development of Japanese civilization in its own terms, without reference to Western parallels, and will continue to assist generations of students and lay readers in understanding Japanese culture.

Japanese Rinzai Zen Buddhism

Author : Jørn Borup
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9047433092
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (474 download)

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Book Synopsis Japanese Rinzai Zen Buddhism by : Jørn Borup

Download or read book Japanese Rinzai Zen Buddhism written by Jørn Borup and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2008-02-28 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zen Buddhist ideas and practices in many ways are unique within the study of religion, and artists, poets and Buddhists practitioners worldwide have found inspiration from this tradition. Until recent years, representations of Zen Buddhism have focussed almost entirely on philosophical, historical or “spiritual” aspects. This book investigates the contemporary living reality of the largest Japanese Rinzai Zen Buddhist group, Myōshinji. Drawing on textual studies and ethnographic fieldwork, Jørn Borup analyses how its practitioners use and understand their religion, how they practice their religiosity and how different kinds of Zen Buddhists (monks, nuns, priest, lay people) interact and define themselves within the religious organization. Japanese Rinzai Zen Buddhism portrays a living Zen Buddhism being both uniquely interesting and interestingly typical for common Buddhist and Japanese religiosity.

Koto-kantei

Author : Benoit Tramblay
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 1300552581
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Koto-kantei by : Benoit Tramblay

Download or read book Koto-kantei written by Benoit Tramblay and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2012-12-22 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An unavoidable difficulty with books that deal with Japanese swords in general is that the workmanship of a smith has to be reduced to its most important characteristics which can be seen on the majority of his works. It is here that this work comes into play, with the motive to provide more concretely described reference examples. Unique is that - depending on the blade - former participant's kantei bids are also addressed. This means that one's own approach and attempt at attributing a blade may also be comprehended. With the 189 introduced kotô blades from altogether 19 provinces (including the five gokaden) this volume constitutes an extensive reference work. The order starts in the classical way, namely with the gokaden Yamato, Yamashiro, Bizen, Sôshû and Mino.

Handbook of Contemporary Japanese Religions

Author : Inken Prohl
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004234357
Total Pages : 675 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Contemporary Japanese Religions by : Inken Prohl

Download or read book Handbook of Contemporary Japanese Religions written by Inken Prohl and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2012-09-03 with total page 675 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Representing work by some of the leading scholars in the field, the chapters in this handbook survey the transformation and innovation of religious traditions and practices in contemporary Japan.