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Judicial Systems In Transition Economies
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Book Synopsis Judicial Systems in Transition Economies by : James Horton Anderson
Download or read book Judicial Systems in Transition Economies written by James Horton Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Judicial Systems in Transition Economies' looks at the experience of countries in Central and Eastern Europe and the Baltics (CEE) and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) as they reform their legal and judicial institutions to fit the needs of a market economy. The study shows, rather disturbingly, that less progress has been made in judicial reform than in most other areas of institutional reform in these countries. The transition from socialism to capitalism requires a fundamental reorientation of legal and judicial institutions. This study reviews the environment preceding reforms, forces that provoked and supported them, and the reform agendas undertaken in these countries since 1990. Against this background, it exposes the impact of reforms, implementation gaps, and the underlying determinants of success and failure. The report examines how courts have performed, and reveals their impact on public opinion and the business environment. It provides insight into linkages among reforms as well as linkages between reforms and public demand for a fair judiciary. The authors show that while each country presents different challenges and opportunities, certain lessons apply in most settings. Their insights and data would be useful to policy makers, judicial personnel, and those involved in reforming judiciaries. The study draws on numerous data sources. These include the World Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD, the American Bar Association-Central European and Eurasian Law Initiative (ABA-CEELI), the World Values Survey, the World Economic Forum, and the University of Strathclyde.
Book Synopsis Judicial System Performance and Economic Development by : Armando Castelar Pinheiro
Download or read book Judicial System Performance and Economic Development written by Armando Castelar Pinheiro and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Legal Systems in and for Transition by : Franziska Böhm
Download or read book Legal Systems in and for Transition written by Franziska Böhm and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Constitutions, Markets and Law by : Stefan Voigt
Download or read book Constitutions, Markets and Law written by Stefan Voigt and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers from a workshop held at the Institute for Advanced Study, in Berlin, 2000.
Book Synopsis The Legal Framework for Private Sector Development in a Transitional Economy by :
Download or read book The Legal Framework for Private Sector Development in a Transitional Economy written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poland is rapidly developing a reasonable legal framework to support its transition to a market economy. Yet legal practice lags behind. Precedent and expertise must be built through training and experience.
Book Synopsis Judicial Systems in a Period of Transition by : Council of Europe
Download or read book Judicial Systems in a Period of Transition written by Council of Europe and published by Manhattan Publishing Company. This book was released on 1997 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principle of the separation of powers
Book Synopsis Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics Regional 2007 by : François Bourguignon
Download or read book Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics Regional 2007 written by François Bourguignon and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Development Finance (GDF), is the World Bank's annual review of recent trends in and prospects for financial flows to developing countries. It is an indispensable resource for governments, economists, investors, financial consultants, academics, bankers, and the entire development community. Vol I: Analysis and Outlook reviews recent trends in financial flows to developing countries. Also available as a two volume set, Vol II. Summary and Country Tables* includes comprehensive data for 138 countries, as well as summary data for regions and income groups.
Book Synopsis Institutional Foundations for Economic Legal Reform Transition Economies by : William E. Kovacic
Download or read book Institutional Foundations for Economic Legal Reform Transition Economies written by William E. Kovacic and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1970's, there has been a progression toward market processes in nations once committed to comprehensive central economic planning. Multinational donors and individual Western countries have expended substantial resources to advise these nations about legal reforms designed to promote this progression. Despite enormous uncertainty and upheaval in the transition from planning to markets, economic liberalization remains the strategy of choice for boosting growth. Competition policy laws prohibiting various restraints of trade and creating public or private rights of action to enforce such prohibitions are common elements in the transition environment. This article examines questions about the proper scope of form of competition policy in transitional markets and about the design of legal reforms in emerging markets generally. While the proper approach to economic development in emerging markets requires analysis of a number of issues, such as identifying priorities in conditions of scarcity, developing supporting institutions, performing a careful initial assessment of existing condition, and determining the rate of change, the first issue to consider is whether competition policy -- which encompasses the policy instruments by which a nation can promote business rivalry -- deserves a high priority. This requires defining “competition policy.” Most agree that transition economies should take affirmative measures to increase business rivalry as a tool for promoting growth and that the creation of an institution to advocate pro-market solutions, including antitrust enforcement, is appropriate. However, there is disagreement over whether competition policy in emerging markets should involve the full panoply of antitrust commands found in mature competition policy systems. Careful pre-reform analysis of existing conditions in the host country and rigorous attention to how the host country will implement nominal competition policy commands is necessary for competition policy law reform to be effective. Where statutes in transition countries dictate enforcement of mature competition policy systems, there is a significant mismatch between national implementation capabilities and the demands of new competition laws. This mismatch must be confronted to decide about the correct measure of completeness and complexity in transition economy competition policy systems. Emphasis on institutional capability has significant implications for technical assistance. The successful development of competition policy institutions in transition environments requires close attention to enhancing the capacity of a wide variety of institutions, such as universities, research institutions, professional societies, and courts. Extensive, sustained contributions from foreign governments in the form of human and physical capital is the key to setting the proper institutional foundation and encouraging sensible application of new laws.
Book Synopsis The Law and Economics of Development by : Edgardo Buscaglia
Download or read book The Law and Economics of Development written by Edgardo Buscaglia and published by JAI Press(NY). This book was released on 1997 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of how legal and economic issues affect developing countries. Particular emphasis is placed upon Latin America, with studies of deregulation in Mexico, judicial reform in Latin America and jurisprudence of the antitrust committee in Chile.
Book Synopsis The Law Reform Olympics by : Veronica L. Taylor
Download or read book The Law Reform Olympics written by Veronica L. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper focuses on why 'indicators' and evaluative questions about the external form of commercial law in transition economies are now so much in vogue. I trace the objectives and methods of a four different evaluative projects sponsored by the World Bank and USAID that are designed to assess and ultimately to rank the legal systems of transition economies. One obvious impetus for the evaluative turn in technical legal assistance is that there are so many legal systems in 'transition' and so much money is being spent on them. Another is that global bureaucracies such as the World Bank, the IMF, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Asian Development Bank and the postindustrial states that sponsor them are predisposed to using evaluative techniques as forms of audit and control. The 'indicators' of commercial law now used in legal technical assistance projects are designed to allow ranking of legal systems according to their compliance with 'best-practice' models of commercial law in countries assumed to have well-established 'rule of law'. Significantly, the rankings are intended in many cases to guide allocative decision-making. This is the process that I call the 'law reform Olympics'
Book Synopsis Judicial Reforms in Transition: Legacy of the Past and Judicial Institutionalization in Post-communist Countries by :
Download or read book Judicial Reforms in Transition: Legacy of the Past and Judicial Institutionalization in Post-communist Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The breakdown of authoritarian regimes in Eastern Europe and the incremental democratisation of such regimes is surely one of the most crucial events in the last two decades. In these contexts, the functioning of justice systems has become, more and more, one of the key aspects of the transition process. In this context, the article analyses the process of judicial reform in Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia. The article aims to explore how theoretical approaches developed by comparative judicial studies scholars fare against the evidence from the democratising process of the judiciary in such countries. Then, particular attention will be focused upon the level of institutionalization of the judicial systems, trying to explain why judicial systems in these countries continue to be poorly institutionalized.
Book Synopsis Lawlessness and Economics by : Avinash K. Dixit
Download or read book Lawlessness and Economics written by Avinash K. Dixit and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2007-05-13 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can property rights be protected and contracts be enforced in countries where the rule of law is ineffective or absent? How can firms from advanced market economies do business in such circumstances? In Lawlessness and Economics, Avinash Dixit examines the theory of private institutions that transcend or supplement weak economic governance from the state. In much of the world and through much of history, private mechanisms--such as long-term relationships, arbitration, social networks to disseminate information and norms to impose sanctions, and for-profit enforcement services--have grown up in place of formal, state-governed institutions. Even in countries with strong legal systems, many of these mechanisms continue under the shadow of the law. Numerous case studies and empirical investigations have demonstrated the variety, importance, and merits, and drawbacks of such institutions. This book builds on these studies and constructs a toolkit of theoretical models to analyze them. The models shed new conceptual light on the different modes of governance, and deepen our understanding of the interaction of the alternative institutions with each other and with the government's law. For example, one model explains the limit on the size of social networks and illuminates problems in the transition to more formal legal systems as economies grow beyond this limit. Other models explain why for-profit enforcement is inefficient. The models also help us understand why state law dovetails with some non-state institutions and collides with others. This can help less-developed countries and transition economies devise better processes for the introduction or reform of their formal legal systems.
Book Synopsis The Common Law System in Chinese Context by : Berry Fong-Chung Hsu
Download or read book The Common Law System in Chinese Context written by Berry Fong-Chung Hsu and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 1992 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The future of the Common Law judicial system in Hong Kong depends on the perceptions of it by Hong Kong's Chinese population, judicial developments prior to July 1, 1997, when Hong Kong passes from British to Chinese control, and the Basic Law. These critical issues are addressed in this book.
Book Synopsis Courts in Federal Countries by : Nicholas Theodore Aroney
Download or read book Courts in Federal Countries written by Nicholas Theodore Aroney and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2017-04-24 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Courts are key players in the dynamics of federal countries since their rulings have a direct impact on the ability of governments to centralize and decentralize power. Courts in Federal Countries examines the role high courts play in thirteen countries, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, Germany, India, Nigeria, Spain, and the United States. The volume’s contributors analyse the centralizing or decentralizing forces at play following a court’s ruling on issues such as individual rights, economic affairs, social issues, and other matters. The thirteen substantive chapters have been written to facilitate comparability between the countries. Each chapter outlines a country’s federal system, explains the constitutional and institutional status of the court system, and discusses the high court’s jurisprudence in light of these features. Courts in Federal Countries offers insightful explanations of judicial behaviour in the world’s leading federations.
Book Synopsis Law and Finance in Transition Economies by : Katharina Pistor
Download or read book Law and Finance in Transition Economies written by Katharina Pistor and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper offers the first comprehensive analysis of legal change in the protection of shareholder and creditor rights in transition economies and its impact on the propensity of firms to raise external finance. Following La Porta et al. (1998), the paper constructs an expanded set of legal indices to capture a range of potential conflicts between different stakeholders of the firm. It supplements the analysis of the law on the books with an analysis of the effectiveness of legal institutions. Our main finding is that the effectiveness of legal institutions has a much stronger impact on external finance than does the law on the books, despite legal change that has substantially improved shareholder and creditor rights. This finding supports the proposition that legal transplants and extensive legal reforms are not sufficient for the evolution of effective legal and market institutions.
Book Synopsis Corporate Governance Lessons from Transition Economy Reforms by : Merritt B. Fox
Download or read book Corporate Governance Lessons from Transition Economy Reforms written by Merritt B. Fox and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate Governance Lessons from Transition Economy Reforms explores a timely topic at the intersection of economics, law, and policy reform. To date, most sophisticated theoretical work on corporate governance has focused on advanced market economies. In post-socialist countries, corporate finance and transition economics scholars have often done little more than convey the received theory to transition policymakers. This volume focuses, for the first time, on the reverse concern: what, if anything, do the reform experiences of transition countries teach about corporate governance theory more generally? To investigate this question, Merritt Fox and Michael Heller have assembled a stellar group of corporate governance theorists. The answers are startling. The principal essays approach the problem from three complementary perspectives that form the organizing themes of the book. The first part refines core corporate theory terms. The second presents important empirical work that explores the channels through which "good corporate governance" may link to the real economy. The final part links corporate governance theory to practical reforms. After fifteen years of experience, practice can now inform theory. Together, these essays present a comprehensive new view on a provocative theme. Written in an accessible style, they will be of interest to a broad range of scholars, commentators, and policymakers.
Book Synopsis Tax Reform in Transition Economies and Its Impact on Economic Performance by : Slawomir P. Walenczykowski
Download or read book Tax Reform in Transition Economies and Its Impact on Economic Performance written by Slawomir P. Walenczykowski and published by . This book was released on 2002-06-01 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting with Hungary in 1984 and followed thereafter by other countries in Eastern Europe and former Soviet Union, the process of transition from centrally planned socialist economies to market oriented economies has been characterized by uneven performance. Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic, and Slovenia have each made significant progress in economic, political and judicial reforms while Russia, and many other countries of the former Soviet Union have lagged in implementing broad economic and political reforms and their economic performance has suffered as a result. Other countries from Central and Eastern Europe are placed between those two extremes. The objective of my thesis is to examine the development of effective and efficient tax systems in the transitional economies and the influence of tax reform on economic performance. Without an effective tax system the state is unable to collect revenues for financing government expenditures; 'gray zones' develop in the economy, which discourage investors and private entrepreneurs; and the rule of law diminishes over time. Without systemic tax reform economic growth will slow or decline; the social costs of reform will increase; and political pressure will mount to slow or reverse reforms.
