John Rawls „Der Vorrang des Rechten und die Idee des Guten“ - ein Überblick

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Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 364082931X
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis John Rawls „Der Vorrang des Rechten und die Idee des Guten“ - ein Überblick by : Rita Hering

Download or read book John Rawls „Der Vorrang des Rechten und die Idee des Guten“ - ein Überblick written by Rita Hering and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-02-14 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Philosophie - Praktische (Ethik, Ästhetik, Kultur, Natur, Recht, ...), Note: 1,3, Universität Münster (Philosophisches Seminar), Veranstaltung: Hauptseminar: Politischer Liberalismus, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: John Rawls entwirft 1971 in seinem Werk „Eine Theorie der Gerechtigkeit“ ein Konzept, das – im Gegensatz zum Utilitarismus – nicht das größtmöglichste Glück der Mehrheit, sondern die gerechte Verteilung der Freiheiten und Chancen zur Verwirklichung eines eigenen Lebensplans des Einzelnen vorsieht. In diesem Konzept folgt Rawls der Tradition der Kontraktualisten Immanuel Kant, John Locke, Thomas Hobbes und Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Rawls Aufbau des Urzustandes ist im Wesentlichen vergleichbar mit diesen klassischen Vertragstheorien. Gravierende Unterschiede bestehen jedoch in Rawls Gerechtigkeitsprinzipen, die einerseits ein System gleicher Grundfreiheiten und Chancengleichheit – die so genannten Grundgüter – vorsehen, die die Basis einer stabilen Gesellschaft bilden sollen, und andererseits im zweiten Grundsatz, dem Differenzprinzip. Dieses Prinzip bezieht sich auf die Verteilung des Eigentums, das nun nicht nur geschützt werden soll, wie es die vorangegangenen Theorien verlangen, sondern es soll zusätzlich einen Ausgleich sozialer und wirtschaftlicher Ungleichheiten zu Gunsten der Schwächeren schaffen. Diese Gerechtigkeitsprinzipien werden im Urzustand von Personen entwickelt, die sich unter dem Schleier des Nichtwissens befinden, das heißt, dass sie nicht wissen in welcher gesellschaftlichen Position sie sich tatsächlich befinden, entwickelt. Rawls geht davon aus, dass diese Personen, nämlich die Bürger einer Gesellschaft, die die Grundstruktur bilden, dementsprechend nach dem Maximin-Prinzip entscheiden, welche Grundprinzipien für sie gerecht sind und so zu den bereits genannten zwei Gerechtigkeitsprinzipien kommen. Sowohl Rawls Modell des Urzustandes als auch die Gerechtigkeitsprinzipien, vor allem aber das Differenzprinzip, haben heftige Diskussionen und Kritik ausgelöst. Um dieser Kritik gerecht zu werden hat John Rawls sein Konzept mehrfach überarbeitet und erläutert, um ihr entgegen zu treten. In seinem Werk „Politischer Liberalismus“ (1993) konzipiert er seine Grundidee unter Berücksichtigung der einzelnen Kritikpunkte und der Frage nach einer stabilen Gesellschaft, die trotz freier und gleicher Bürger in Bezug auf ihre religiösen, moralischen und philosophischen Lehren pluralistisch bleiben, neu.

John Rawls 'Der Vorrang des Rechten und die Idee des Guten' - ein Überblick

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Author :
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640829387
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis John Rawls 'Der Vorrang des Rechten und die Idee des Guten' - ein Überblick by : Rita Hering

Download or read book John Rawls 'Der Vorrang des Rechten und die Idee des Guten' - ein Überblick written by Rita Hering and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Philosophie - Praktische (Ethik, Ästhetik, Kultur, Natur, Recht, ...), Note: 1,3, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (Philosophisches Seminar), Veranstaltung: Hauptseminar: Politischer Liberalismus, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: John Rawls entwirft 1971 in seinem Werk "Eine Theorie der Gerechtigkeit" ein Konzept, das - im Gegensatz zum Utilitarismus - nicht das größtmöglichste Glück der Mehrheit, sondern die gerechte Verteilung der Freiheiten und Chancen zur Verwirklichung eines eigenen Lebensplans des Einzelnen vorsieht. In diesem Konzept folgt Rawls der Tradition der Kontraktualisten Immanuel Kant, John Locke, Thomas Hobbes und Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Rawls Aufbau des Urzustandes ist im Wesentlichen vergleichbar mit diesen klassischen Vertragstheorien. Gravierende Unterschiede bestehen jedoch in Rawls Gerechtigkeitsprinzipen, die einerseits ein System gleicher Grundfreiheiten und Chancengleichheit - die so genannten Grundgüter - vorsehen, die die Basis einer stabilen Gesellschaft bilden sollen, und andererseits im zweiten Grundsatz, dem Differenzprinzip. Dieses Prinzip bezieht sich auf die Verteilung des Eigentums, das nun nicht nur geschützt werden soll, wie es die vorangegangenen Theorien verlangen, sondern es soll zusätzlich einen Ausgleich sozialer und wirtschaftlicher Ungleichheiten zu Gunsten der Schwächeren schaffen. Diese Gerechtigkeitsprinzipien werden im Urzustand von Personen entwickelt, die sich unter dem Schleier des Nichtwissens befinden, das heißt, dass sie nicht wissen in welcher gesellschaftlichen Position sie sich tatsächlich befinden, entwickelt. Rawls geht davon aus, dass diese Personen, nämlich die Bürger einer Gesellschaft, die die Grundstruktur bilden, dementsprechend nach dem Maximin-Prinzip entscheiden, welche Grundprinzipien für sie gerecht sind und so zu den bereits genannten zwei Gerechtigkeitsprinzipien kommen. Sowohl Rawls Modell des Urzustandes als auch die Gerechtigkeitsprinzip

Ethics, Society, Politics

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Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110336391
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics, Society, Politics by : Hajo Greif

Download or read book Ethics, Society, Politics written by Hajo Greif and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-10-30 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A real book on ethics, as Wittgenstein had it, if one could conceive it in the first place, would be the book to destroy all other books. Yet there is an increasing number of real-world discourses in which ethical values are mobilized as justifications for socio-political action while, in turn, moral problems are becoming a topic of political negotiation. Although it will be difficult to find systematic accounts of an absolute good or of absolute values in these debates, it is equally difficult to imagine them not being deeply informed by such considerations. Rather than merely adding to the corpus of applied ethics on the one hand or remaining in seemingly Wittgensteinian silence about ethics on the other, many contributions to this volume explore the reach of what can be said in ethical terms, while others provide critical discussions of what is being said in various fields of applied ethics and political philosophy under real-world power relations. This volume collects invited contributions from the 35th International Wittgenstein Symposium 2012 in Kirchberg am Wechsel, Austria. Authors include: Alice Crary, Peter Dabrock, Rom Harré, Agnes Heller, Jaakko Hintikka, Peter Koller, Anton Leist, Chantal Mouffe, Julian Nida-Rümelin, Hans Sluga, David Stern, Gianni Vattimo.

Post-Foundational Political Thought

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Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 0748630686
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (486 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Foundational Political Thought by : Oliver Marchart

Download or read book Post-Foundational Political Thought written by Oliver Marchart and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2007-07-06 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide-ranging overview of the emergence of post-foundationalism and a survey of the work of its key contemporary exponents.This book presents the first systematic coverage of the conceptual difference between 'politics' (the practice of conventional politics: the political system or political forms of action) and 'the political' (a much more radical aspect which cannot be restricted to the realms of institutional politics). It is also the first introductory overview of post-foundationalism and the tradition of 'left Heideggerianism': the political thought of contemporary theorists who make frequent use of the idea of political difference: Jean-Luc Nancy, Claude Lefort, Alain Badiou and Ernesto Laclau. After an overview of current trends in social post-foundationalism and a genealogical chapter on the historical emergence of the difference between the concepts of 'politics' and 'the political', the work of individual theorists is presented and discussed at length. Individual chapters are presented

Environmental Ethics: Cross-cultural Explorations

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Publisher : Verlag Karl Alber
ISBN 13 : 9783495491096
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Ethics: Cross-cultural Explorations by : Monika Kirloskar-Steinbach

Download or read book Environmental Ethics: Cross-cultural Explorations written by Monika Kirloskar-Steinbach and published by Verlag Karl Alber. This book was released on 2020-05-18 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume Environmental Ethics: Cross-cultural Explorations places cross-cultural study at the center of inquiry. The cross-culturally rich explorations collected in this volume seek to critically examine some theoretical assumptions driving current debates in the field like anthropocentrism, individualism etc. In addition, they also endeavor to develop an integrative approach which can better channel ways in which current global challenges to the environment can be met.

John Rawls - Der Vorrang des Rechten und die Ideen des Guten

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Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638218155
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (382 download)

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Book Synopsis John Rawls - Der Vorrang des Rechten und die Ideen des Guten by : Antje Krüger

Download or read book John Rawls - Der Vorrang des Rechten und die Ideen des Guten written by Antje Krüger and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2003-09-23 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 1998 im Fachbereich Politik - Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte, Note: 1,7, Freie Universität Berlin (Otto-Suhr-Institut), Veranstaltung: Ethik und Politik in der politischen Philosophie der Gegenwart, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Was ist gut? Was ist gerecht? Zwei Fragen, auf die schon hunderte von Antworten gefunden wurden, die sich aber trotzdem beständig neu stellen. Bald schreiben wir das 21. Jahrhundert, und mit großen Schritten wird die Welt immer kleiner. Per Internet, Fax und E-Mail kann man von einer Sekunde zur nächsten Kontakte zum anderen Ende der Erde aufbauen. Flugzeuge legen in wenigen Stunden Strecken zurück, für die noch vor einigen Jahrhunderten das Leben riskiert wurde. Die Grenzen zwischen Ländern und Kulturen verschwimmen immer mehr. Sateliten lassen Asien, Afrika oder den Nordpol in unseren Wohnzimmern erscheinen. Je bunter und vielfältiger unsere Gesellschaften aber werden, um so schwerer scheint es dem Einzelnen zu fallen, Orientierung zu finden. Traditionen, die oft die Frage nach gut oder schlecht, gerecht oder ungerecht beantwortet haben, verlieren immer stärker an Bedeutung, und Begriffe wie Moral und Ethik scheinen leer in Anbetracht des Zerfalls der Sitten. Armut, Korruption und Gewalt flimmern nicht nur im Fernseher. Aggressivität und Ellenbogenverhalten oder das Ausgrenzen anderer sind für viele schon Alltag geworden. Ethik und Moral müssen mit neuem Leben erfüllt werden, will man diesem Zusammenbruch zwischenmenschlicher Beziehungen entgegenwirken. Das Thema Gerechtigkeit tritt auch in unserer Wohlstandsgesellschaft - oder gerade hier - mehr in den Mittelpunkt. Seit dem Ende der 60-er, Anfang der 70-er Jahre stellen sich Philosophen wie Jürgen Habermas und John Rawls erneut dieser Frage. Aufgrund persönlicher Erfahrungen kamen sie zu der Erkenntnis, daß wir mit unserem Handeln dazu beitragen, daß sich die Armut auf der Welt immer weiterentwickelt. Aus der Pflicht heraus, nichtmehr an einer armutserzeugenden Gesellschaft teilnehmen zu dürfen, entwarfen sie neue Gerechtigkeitstheorien.

A Volume of Oriental Studies

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A Volume of Oriental Studies by : Thomas Walker Arnold

Download or read book A Volume of Oriental Studies written by Thomas Walker Arnold and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Encyclopedia of Democratic Thought

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136908633
Total Pages : 776 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Democratic Thought by : Paul Barry Clarke

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Democratic Thought written by Paul Barry Clarke and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-12-16 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing almost 200 entries from 'accountability' to the 'Westminster model' the Encyclopedia of Democratic Thought explores all the ideas that matter to democracy past, present and future. It is destined to become the first port-of-call for all students, teachers and researchers of political science interested in democratic ideas, democratic practice, and the quality of democratic governance. The Encyclopedia provides extensive coverage of all the key concepts of democratic thought written by a stellar team of distinguished international contributors. The Encyclopedia draws on every tradition of democratic thought, as well as developing new thinking, in order to provide full coverage of the key democratic concepts and engage with their practical implications for the conduct of democratic politics in the world today. In this way, it brings every kind of democratic thinking to bear on the challenges facing contemporary democracies and on the possibilities of the democratic future. The Encyclopedia is global in scope and responds in detail to the democratic revolution of recent decades. Referring both to the established democratic states of Western Europe, North America and Australasia, and to the recent democracies of Latin America, Eastern and Central Europe, Africa and Asia, classical democratic concerns are related to new democracies, and to important changes in the older democracies. Supplemented by full bibliographical information, extensive cross-referencing and suggestions for further reading, the Encyclopedia of Democratic Thought is a unique work of reference combining the expertise of many of the world's leading political scientists, political sociologists and political philosophers. It will be welcomed as an essential resource for both teaching and for independent study, and as a solid starting point both for further research and wider exploration.

Human Rights

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Publisher : Greenwood
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Rights by : Adamantia Pollis

Download or read book Human Rights written by Adamantia Pollis and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 1979 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Collectanea Alexandrina

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Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 9783110081718
Total Pages : 902 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (817 download)

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Book Synopsis Collectanea Alexandrina by : Hugh Lloyd-Jones

Download or read book Collectanea Alexandrina written by Hugh Lloyd-Jones and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 1983 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series publishes important new editions of and commentaries on texts from Greco-Roman antiquity, especially annotated editions of texts surviving only in fragments. Due to its programmatically wide range the series provides an essential basis for the study of ancient literature.

Economic Rationality and Practical Reason

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792344933
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (449 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Rationality and Practical Reason by : Julian Nida-Rümelin

Download or read book Economic Rationality and Practical Reason written by Julian Nida-Rümelin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-04-30 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of practical rationality does not belong to one academic discipline alone. There are quite divergent philosophical, economical, sociological, psychological and politological contributions. Sometimes the disciplinary boundaries impede theoretical progress. On the other hand it is an indication for the high complexity of the subject that so many divergent paradigms compete with one another, or - what is worse - live separately in a kind of splendid isolation. Decision theory in the broader sense, embracing the theory of games and collective choice theory, can help to understand practical reason in philosophical analysis. But there are interesting aspects which cannot be dealt with adequately within a decision-theoretic conceptual framework. To have both of these convictions justifies to neglect dis ciplinary boundaries and poses a problem for the orthodoxies of either sides. All the essays of this volume focus on the relation between economic rationality and practical reason and discuss different aspects of the same problem, i. e. a basic deficiency in the standard economic theory of practical rationality. But philosophical analysis would not be of much help if it just rejected the economic paradigm. It must rather help to integrate economic aspects into a broader view on practical reason.

What is Power?

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1509516115
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis What is Power? by : Byung-Chul Han

Download or read book What is Power? written by Byung-Chul Han and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-12-28 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Power is a pervasive phenomenon yet there is little consensus on what it is and how it should be understood. In this book the cultural theorist Byung-Chul Han develops a fresh and original perspective on the nature of power, shedding new light on this key feature of social and political life. Power is commonly defined as a causal relation: an individual’s power is the cause that produces a change of behaviour in someone else against the latter’s will. Han rejects this view, arguing that power is better understood as a mediation between ego and alter which creates a complex array of reciprocal interdependencies. Power can also be exercised not only against the other but also within and through the other, and this involves a much higher degree of mediation. This perspective enables us to see that power and freedom are not opposed to one another but are manifestations of the same power, differing only in the degree of mediation. This highly original account of power will be of great interest to students and scholars of philosophy and of social, political and cultural theory, as well as to anyone seeking to understand the many ways in which power shapes our lives today.

The Puritan Origins of the American Self

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Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780300021172
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (211 download)

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Book Synopsis The Puritan Origins of the American Self by : Sacvan Bercovitch

Download or read book The Puritan Origins of the American Self written by Sacvan Bercovitch and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1975-01-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Errata slip inserted. Includes bibliographical references and index.

Prodigal Nation

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199717494
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Prodigal Nation by : Andrew R. Murphy

Download or read book Prodigal Nation written by Andrew R. Murphy and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-11-19 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Original and wide-ranging, Murphy's discerning and important study is another reminder that America is 'the nation with the soul of a church.'" -Journal of American History "A wide-ranging and thoughtful meditation on how the theo-political stories we Americans tell ourselves resonate with and sometimes even create the communities we inhabit. This book deserves an honored place among the oeuvre of work by political scientists and historians on the jeremiad." -- Politics and Religion "A significant contribution to the historical account of the role of religion in American politics." --Perspectives on Politics "Prodigal Nation is a careful account of how theologies function politically and deserves attention from political scientists, political theologians, American historians, and others interested in the interface of religion and culture." --Religious Studies Review "This highly original and wonderfully written analysis will be invaluable to anyone interested in the meaning of America." --Harry S. Stout, author of The New England Soul and Upon the Altar of the Nation "A brilliant analysis of the American jeremiad. Elegant, powerful, hopeful, and wise - Prodigal Nation is required reading for anyone who wishes to understand the fitful history of the American spirit." --James A. Morone, author of Hellfire Nation and The Democratic Wish

Confucius, Rawls, and the Sense of Justice

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Publisher : Fordham Univ Press
ISBN 13 : 082324508X
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (232 download)

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Book Synopsis Confucius, Rawls, and the Sense of Justice by : Erin Cline

Download or read book Confucius, Rawls, and the Sense of Justice written by Erin Cline and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work examines the role of a sense of justice in the ethical and political thought of Confucius and John Rawls, and argues that a comparative study can help us to better understand each of their views and apply their insights.

Principles of Conduct

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Publisher : Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780802811448
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (114 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Conduct by : John Murray

Download or read book Principles of Conduct written by John Murray and published by Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. This book was released on 1957-07-17 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic study addresses ethical questions relating to such topics as marriage, labor, capital punishment, truthfulness, Jesus' teaching in the Sermon on the Mount, law and grace, and the fear of God. Murray points the reader to all of Scripture as the basic authority in matters of Christian conduct.

Enemy in the Mirror

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400823234
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Enemy in the Mirror by : Roxanne L. Euben

Download or read book Enemy in the Mirror written by Roxanne L. Euben and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1999-11-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A firm grasp of Islamic fundamentalism has often eluded Western political observers, many of whom view it in relation to social and economic upheaval or explain it away as an irrational reaction to modernity. Here Roxanne Euben makes new sense of this belief system by revealing it as a critique of and rebuttal to rationalist discourse and post-Enlightenment political theories. Euben draws on political, postmodernist, and critical theory, as well as Middle Eastern studies, Islamic thought, comparative politics, and anthropology, to situate Islamic fundamentalist thought within a transcultural theoretical context. In so doing, she illuminates an unexplored dimension of the Islamist movement and holds a mirror up to anxieties within contemporary Western political thought about the nature and limits of modern rationalism--anxieties common to Christian fundamentalists, postmodernists, conservatives, and communitarians. A comparison between Islamic fundamentalism and various Western critiques of rationalism yields formerly uncharted connections between Western and Islamic political thought, allowing the author to reclaim an understanding of political theory as inherently comparative. Her arguments bear on broad questions about the methods Westerners employ to understand movements and ideas that presuppose nonrational, transcendent truths. Euben finds that first, political theory can play a crucial role in understanding concrete political phenomena often considered beyond its jurisdiction; second, the study of such phenomena tests the scope of Western rationalist categories; and finally, that Western political theory can be enriched by exploring non-Western perspectives on fundamental debates about coexistence.