Jean Moulin, 1899 - 1943

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1403907145
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Jean Moulin, 1899 - 1943 by : A. Clinton

Download or read book Jean Moulin, 1899 - 1943 written by A. Clinton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-12-17 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jean Moulin is a universally recognized French hero, celebrated as the delegate of General de Gaulle to Nazi-occupied France in 1942-3 and founder of the National Resistance Council in May 1943. He is known for defiance of the German invaders in June 1940 and for his death in the hands of Gestapo chief Klaus Barbie in July 1943. This book is the fist fully documented account in English of his republican background, his resistance activities, and of his death and reputation.

Jean Moulin, une vie (20 juin 1899-21 juin 1943)

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Author :
Publisher : FeniXX
ISBN 13 : 2259292933
Total Pages : 577 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (592 download)

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Book Synopsis Jean Moulin, une vie (20 juin 1899-21 juin 1943) by : Henri Calef

Download or read book Jean Moulin, une vie (20 juin 1899-21 juin 1943) written by Henri Calef and published by FeniXX. This book was released on 1980-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La légende qui s’est emparée de Jean Moulin, n’a laissé en lumière que les dernières années de sa vie, et ce jour mémorable de décembre 1974 où le général de Gaulle accompagna, jusqu’aux marches du Panthéon, le cercueil de celui qui fut son délégué. On connaît le héros, on ignore l’homme. Henri Calef a voulu combler cette lacune. Il a recherch頗 et interrog頗 plus de cinquante personnes qui ont travaillé auprès de Jean Moulin, et avec lui. À travers ces interviews, se dessine une personnalité fascinante. Avant tout, Jean Moulin fut foncièrement républicain. Il servit, avec une droiture inébranlable, la IIIe République, dont il fut le plus jeune préfet. De la Savoie au Berry, de la Bretagne à l’Artois et au Languedoc, en passant par les cabinets ministériels parisiens, Jean Moulin fut fidèle à la tradition républicaine d’égalité, de fraternité et de liberté. Son intransigeance n’acceptait pas la moindre concession aux doctrines totalitaires, de quelque horizon qu’elles viennent, son intégrité ne pouvait s’accommoder du régime de Vichy : il fut le premier haut fonctionnaire à avoir rallié le gaullisme. Son rayonnement fit naître bien des dévouements, mais aussi des jalousies, dont il voulut ignorer les petitesses. Les témoignages recueillis par Henri Calef, constituent le plus bel hommage de respect et d’admiration que la mémoire d’un homme puisse souhaiter. À l’héroïsme discret de Jean Moulin, s’attache une fidélité qu’aucune ombre n’est parvenue à ternir. Personne ne l’a vu mourir, et sa disparition demeure la seule énigme d’une vie exemplaire. Peut-être fallait-il cette fin mystérieuse, pour parfaire l’image du héros-type des temps modernes, entré vivant dans la légende.

War in the Shadows

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1786078104
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis War in the Shadows by : Patrick Marnham

Download or read book War in the Shadows written by Patrick Marnham and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2020-09-17 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘One of our very best writers on France.’ Antony Beevor After publishing an acclaimed biography of Jean Moulin, leader of the French Resistance, Patrick Marnham received an anonymous letter from a person who claimed to have worked for British Intelligence during the war. The ex-spy praised his book but insisted that he had missed the real ‘treasure’. The letter drew Marnham back to the early 1960s when he had been taught French by a mercurial woman – a former Resistance leader, whose SOE network was broken on the same day that Moulin was captured and who endured eighteen months in Ravensbrück concentration camp. Could these two events have been connected? His anonymous correspondent offered a tantalising set of clues that seemed to implicate Churchill and British Intelligence in the catastrophe. Drawing on a deep knowledge of France and original research in British and French archives, War in the Shadows exposes the ruthless double-dealing of the Allied intelligence services and the Gestapo through one of the darkest periods of the Second World War. It is a story worthy of Le Carré, but with this difference – it is not fiction. ‘A melange of Le Grand Meaulnes and The Spy Who Came in from the Cold. It is unforgettable.’ Ferdinand Mount, TLS, Books of the Year ‘A masterly analysis, impeccably presented.’ Allan Mallinson, Spectator ‘Fascinating… Marnham has a vast and scholarly knowledge of this often treacherous world.’ Caroline Moorehead, Literary Review

Resistance and Betrayal

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Publisher : Random House
ISBN 13 : 1588360784
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (883 download)

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Book Synopsis Resistance and Betrayal by : Patrick Marnham

Download or read book Resistance and Betrayal written by Patrick Marnham and published by Random House. This book was released on 2012-09-05 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Enthralling and intelligent, a masterly exploration of the sinister labyrinth that was wartime France . . . It is a remarkable book, utterly fascinating.” —Allan Massie Not long after 2:00 p.m. on June 21, 1943, eight men met in secret at a doctor’ s house in Lyon. They represented the warring factions of the French Resistance and had been summoned by General de Gaulle’s new envoy, a man most of them knew simply as “Max.” Minutes after the last man entered the house, the Gestapo broke in, led by Klaus Barbie, the infamous “Butcher of Lyon.” The fate awaiting Barbie’s prisoners was torture, deportation, and death. “Max” was tortured sadistically but never broke: he took his many secrets to his grave. In that moment, the legend of Jean Moulin was born. Who betrayed Jean Moulin? And who was this enigmatic hero, a man as skilled in deception as he was in acts of heroism? After the war, his ashes were transferred to the Panthéon—France’s highest honor—where his memory is revered alongside that of Voltaire and Victor Hugo. But Moulin’s story is full of unanswered questions: the truth of his life is far more complicated than the legend conveniently manufactured by de Gaulle. Resistance and Betrayal tells for the first time in English the epic story of France’s greatest war hero, a Schindler-like character of ambiguous motivation. A winner of the Marsh Prize for biography, praised by Graham Greene and Julian Barnes, Patrick Marnham is a brilliant storyteller with a keen appreciation for the complex maze of moral compromises navigated in times of war. Told with the drama and suspense of the best espionage fiction, Resistance and Betrayal brings to life the dark and duplicitous world of the French Resistance and offers a startling conclusion to one of the great unsolved mysteries of the Second World War. NOTE: This edition does not include photographs.

Malraux

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Publisher : Knopf
ISBN 13 : 0307426777
Total Pages : 657 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Malraux by : Olivier Todd

Download or read book Malraux written by Olivier Todd and published by Knopf. This book was released on 2007-12-18 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Writer, publisher, war hero, French government minister, André Malraux was renowned as a Renaissance man of the twentieth century. Now, Olivier Todd–author of the acclaimed biography Albert Camus–gives us this life, in which fact competes dramatically with his subject’s previously little-known mythomania. We see the adventurous young Malraux move from 1920s literary Paris to colonial Cambodia, Cochin China, and Spain in its civil war. Todd charts the thrilling exploits that would inspire such novels as Man’s Fate, but, just as fascinating, he also traces Malraux’s lifelong pattern of lies: claiming friendship with Mao, he was called to tutor Nixon, despite having met the Great Helmsman only once; a minor injury becomes in recollections a near-mortal battlefield wound; stories of heroism in the French Resistance omit to mention that Malraux joined up just a few weeks before the Allied landings. With meticulous research, Todd separates myth from reality to throw light on a brilliant con man who would become a national hero, but he also lets us see Malraux’s genuine achievements as both writer and man of action. His real life and the one he embroidered come together in this superb biography to reveal how Malraux, the protean genius, became his own greatest character.

Army of the Night

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Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857739662
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (577 download)

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Book Synopsis Army of the Night by : Patrick Marnham

Download or read book Army of the Night written by Patrick Marnham and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-10 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Who was the enigmatic Jean Moulin, a man as skilled in deception as he was in acts of heroism? The memory of this French Resistance hero, who was betrayed to the Gestapo and tortured by Klaus Barbie, the infamous 'Butcher of Lyon', is revered alongside that of other national icons. But Moulin's story is full of unanswered questions and the truth of his life is far more complicated than the legend. Patrick Marnham, winner of the Marsh Prize for biography, thrillingly tells the epic story of France's greatest war hero, bringing to light the shadowy and often deceitful world of the French Resistance, and offers a shocking conclusion to one of the great unsolved mysteries of World War II.

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Author :
Publisher : Odile Jacob
ISBN 13 : 273817969X
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis by :

Download or read book written by and published by Odile Jacob. This book was released on with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

In the Shadow of the General

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199938202
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis In the Shadow of the General by : Sudhir Hazareesingh

Download or read book In the Shadow of the General written by Sudhir Hazareesingh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-04 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charles De Gaulle's leadership of the French while in exile during World War II cemented his place in history. In contemporary France, he is the stuff of legend, consistently acclaimed as the nation's pre-eminent historical figure. But paradoxes abound. For one thing, his personal popularity sits oddly with his social origins and professional background. Neither the Army nor the Catholic Church is particularly well-regarded in France today, as they are seen to represent antiquated traditions and values. So why, then, do the French nonetheless identify with, celebrate, and even revere this austere and devout Catholic, who remained closely wedded to military values throughout his life? In The Shadow of the General resolves this mystery and explains how de Gaulle has come to occupy such a privileged position in the French imagination. Sudhir Hazareesingh's story of how an individual life was transformed into national myth also tells a great deal about the French collective self in the twenty-first century: its fractured memory, its aspirations to greatness, and its manifold anxieties. Indeed, alongside the tale of de Gaulle's legacy, the author unfolds a much broader narrative: the story of modern France.

Encyclopedia of French Film Directors

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Publisher : Scarecrow Press
ISBN 13 : 081086939X
Total Pages : 1486 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of French Film Directors by : Philippe Rège

Download or read book Encyclopedia of French Film Directors written by Philippe Rège and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2009-12-11 with total page 1486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cinema has been long associated with France, dating back to 1895, when Louis and Auguste Lumi_re screened their works, the first public viewing of films anywhere. Early silent pioneers Georges MZli_s, Alice Guy BlachZ and others followed in the footsteps of the Lumi_re brothers and the tradition of important filmmaking continued throughout the 20th century and beyond. In Encyclopedia of French Film Directors, Philippe Rège identifies every French director who has made at least one feature film since 1895. From undisputed masters to obscure one-timers, nearly 3,000 directors are cited here, including at least 200 filmmakers not mentioned in similar books published in France. Each director's entry contains a brief biographical summary, including dates and places of birth and death; information on the individual's education and professional training; and other pertinent details, such as real names (when the filmmaker uses a pseudonym). The entries also provide complete filmographies, including credits for feature films, shorts, documentaries, and television work. Some of the most important names in the history of film can be found in this encyclopedia, from masters of the Golden Age_Jean Renoir and RenZ Clair_to French New Wave artists such as Fran_ois Truffaut and Jean-Luc Godard.

Paris

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Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538173344
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Paris by : Mary McAuliffe

Download or read book Paris written by Mary McAuliffe and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2023-05-15 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Follow in the footsteps of history to discover the hidden places, extraordinary people, and captivating stories of Paris. Paris: Secret Gardens, Hidden Places, and Stories of the City of Light, Mary McAuliffe’s multilayered exploration of Paris, weaves a narrative that takes the reader into secret and hidden places, even in the midst of the most well-known Paris destinations. McAuliffe’s hidden places can be small but are always revealing, whether a bas-relief on an ignored corner of Notre-Dame or an overlooked courtyard inside an ancient and busy hospital. She takes the reader below the streets and sidewalks of Paris to discover ancient aqueducts and a lost river, and she prompts the reader to notice overlooked treasures in the most trafficked of museums. Always, McAuliffe’s focus is on people and their stories. Evil queens, designing noblemen, bold chevaliers, and desperate lovers mingle with Resistance fighters and obsessed artists rising out of abject poverty into unexpected fame and fortune, adding to the tidal wave of creativity that is the lifeblood of the City of Light. One person, place, and story lead to another, each linked by a common thread within the layered richness of Paris’s past. The story of Paris is not a chronology but an exploration of the many layers of this remarkable city throughout the ages.

The French Resistance

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 067497039X
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis The French Resistance by : Olivier Wieviorka

Download or read book The French Resistance written by Olivier Wieviorka and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-25 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Whatever happens, the flame of French resistance must not and will not go out.” As Charles de Gaulle ended his radio address to the French nation in June 1940, listeners must have felt a surge of patriotism tinged with uncertainty. Who would keep the flame burning through dark years of occupation? At what cost? Olivier Wieviorka presents a comprehensive history of the French Resistance, synthesizing its social, political, and military aspects to offer fresh insights into its operation. Detailing the Resistance from the inside out, he reveals not one organization but many interlocking groups often at odds over goals, methods, and leadership. He debunks lingering myths, including the idea that the Resistance sprang up in response to the exhortations of de Gaulle’s Free French government-in-exile. The Resistance was homegrown, arising from the soil of French civil society. Resisters had to improvise in the fight against the Nazis and the collaborationist Vichy regime. They had no blueprint to follow, but resisters from all walks of life and across the political spectrum formed networks, organizing activities from printing newspapers to rescuing downed airmen to sabotage. Although the Resistance was never strong enough to fight the Germans openly, it provided the Allies invaluable intelligence, sowed havoc behind enemy lines on D-Day, and played a key role in Paris’s liberation. Wieviorka shatters the conventional image of a united resistance with no interest in political power. But setting the record straight does not tarnish the legacy of its fighters, who braved Nazism without blinking.

The Law of Kinship

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Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801468396
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis The Law of Kinship by : Camille Robcis

Download or read book The Law of Kinship written by Camille Robcis and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-05 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In France as elsewhere in recent years, legislative debates over single-parent households, same-sex unions, new reproductive technologies, transsexuality, and other challenges to long-held assumptions about the structure of family and kinship relations have been deeply divisive. What strikes many as uniquely French, however, is the extent to which many of these discussions—whether in legislative chambers, courtrooms, or the mass media—have been conducted in the frequently abstract vocabularies of anthropology and psychoanalysis. In this highly original book, Camille Robcis seeks to explain why and how academic discourses on kinship have intersected and overlapped with political debates on the family—and on the nature of French republicanism itself. She focuses on the theories of Claude Lévi-Strauss and Jacques Lacan, both of whom highlighted the interdependence of the sexual and the social by positing a direct correlation between kinship and socialization. Robcis traces how their ideas gained recognition not only from French social scientists but also from legislators and politicians who relied on some of the most obscure and difficult concepts of structuralism to enact a series of laws concerning the family. Lévi-Strauss and Lacan constructed the heterosexual family as a universal trope for social and psychic integration, and this understanding of the family at the root of intersubjectivity coincided with the role that the family has played in modern French law and public policy. The Law of Kinship contributes to larger conversations about the particularities of French political culture, the nature of sexual difference, and the problem of reading and interpretation in intellectual history.

The Documentary Imagination in Twentieth-Century French Literature

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198859686
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis The Documentary Imagination in Twentieth-Century French Literature by : Alison James

Download or read book The Documentary Imagination in Twentieth-Century French Literature written by Alison James and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-08-28 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying works by authors including Gide, Breton, Aragon, Yourcenar, Duras, and Modiano, this volume re-thinks twentieth-century French literature and engages with the question of distinctions between the factual and the fictional.

The Resistance, 1940

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Publisher : LSU Press
ISBN 13 : 0807163937
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Resistance, 1940 by : Charles B. Potter

Download or read book The Resistance, 1940 written by Charles B. Potter and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Resistance, 1940 illuminates the early phase of the French Resistance through first-hand accounts, describing how movements organized themselves in opposition to both German occupation and the collaborationist Vichy government. Translated and annotated by Charles Potter, these writings, composed by French men and women, reveal how the Resistance fighters experienced defeat and resurrection in the pivotal year of 1940. This primary source reader opens with “First Fight,” by Jean Moulin, which offers a vivid eyewitness recounting of the collapse of France, penned by arguably the greatest hero of the Resistance. This major historical document is supplemented by three additional accounts of subsequent events. “First Resistance,” by Germaine Tillion, who was arrested in 1942 and sent to Ravensbrück concentration camp for the duration of the war, depicts the formation of the Groupe du Musée de l’Homme. “National Liberation,” by Henri Frenay, who originally supported the Vichy government but quickly became disillusioned, offers details on the planning of the vast resistance network later known as Combat. Finally, “We Were Terrorists,” by Jean Garcin, excerpts the memoir of a young Socialist in the southern zone who later headed resistance efforts in the city of Marseilles. Along with these annotated texts, Potter includes an informative introduction and contextualizes each source, positioning the documents within the timeline of events. Taken together, these four seminal accounts from four individual perspectives offer compelling evidence about how and when the French Resistance began.

A Train in Winter

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Publisher : Random House Canada
ISBN 13 : 0307366677
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis A Train in Winter by : Caroline Moorehead

Download or read book A Train in Winter written by Caroline Moorehead and published by Random House Canada. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “How can you do this work if you have a child?” asked her mother. “It is because I have a child that I do it,” replied Cecile. “This is not a world I wish her to grow up in.” On January 24, 1943, 230 women were placed in four cattle trucks on a train in Compiegne, in northeastern France, and the doors bolted shut for the journey to Auschwitz. They were members of the French Resistance, ranging in age from teenagers to the elderly, women who before the war had been doctors, farmers’ wives, secretaries, biochemists, schoolgirls. With immense courage they had taken up arms against a brutal occupying force; now their friendship would give them strength as they experienced unimaginable horrors. Only forty-nine of the Convoi des 31000 would return from the camps in the east; within ten years, a third of these survivors would be dead too, broken by what they had lived through. In this vitally important book, Caroline Moorehead tells the whole story of the 230 women on the train, for the first time. Based on interviews with the few remaining survivors, together with extensive research in French and Polish archives, A Train in Winter is an essential historical document told with the clarity and impact of a great novel. Caroline Moorehead follows the women from the beginning, starting with the disorganized, youthful and high-spirited activists who came together with the Occupation, and chronicling their links with the underground intellectual newspapers and Communist cells that formed soon afterwards. Postering and graffiti grew into sabotage and armed attacks, and the Nazis responded with vicious acts of mass reprisal – which in turn led to the Resistance coalescing and developing. Moorehead chronicles the women’s roles in victories and defeats, their narrow escapes and their capture at the hands of French police eager to assist their Nazi overseers to deport Jews, resisters, Communists and others. Their story moves inevitably through to its horrifying last chapters in Auschwitz: murder, starvation, disease and the desperate struggle to survive. But, as Moorehead notes, even in the most inhuman of places, the women of the Convoi could find moments of human grace in their companionship: “So close did each of the women feel to the others, that to die oneself would be no worse than to see one of the others die.” Uncovering a story that has hitherto never been told, Caroline Moorehead exhibits the skills that have made her an acclaimed biographer and historian. In this book she places the reader utterly in the world of wartime France, casting light on what it was like to experience horrific terrors and face impossible moral dilemmas. Through the sensitive interviews on which the book is based, she tells personal and individual stories of courage, solace and companionship. In this way, A Train in Winter ultimately becomes a valuable memorial to a unique group of heroines, and a testimony to the particular power of women’s friendship even in the worst places on earth.

A Certain Idea of France

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Author :
Publisher : Penguin UK
ISBN 13 : 1846143527
Total Pages : 866 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (461 download)

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Book Synopsis A Certain Idea of France by : Julian Jackson

Download or read book A Certain Idea of France written by Julian Jackson and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2018-06-18 with total page 866 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A SUNDAY TIMES, THE TIMES, DAILY TELEGRAPH, NEW STATESMAN, SPECTATOR, FINANCIAL TIMES, TLS BOOK OF THE YEAR 'Masterly ... awesome reading ... an outstanding biography' Max Hastings, Sunday Times The definitive biography of the greatest French statesman of modern times In six weeks in the early summer of 1940, France was over-run by German troops and quickly surrendered. The French government of Marshal Pétain sued for peace and signed an armistice. One little-known junior French general, refusing to accept defeat, made his way to England. On 18 June he spoke to his compatriots over the BBC, urging them to rally to him in London. 'Whatever happens, the flame of French resistance must not be extinguished and will not be extinguished.' At that moment, Charles de Gaulle entered into history. For the rest of the war, de Gaulle frequently bit the hand that fed him. He insisted on being treated as the true embodiment of France, and quarrelled violently with Churchill and Roosevelt. He was prickly, stubborn, aloof and self-contained. But through sheer force of personality and bloody-mindedness he managed to have France recognised as one of the victorious Allies, occupying its own zone in defeated Germany. For ten years after 1958 he was President of France's Fifth Republic, which he created and which endures to this day. His pursuit of 'a certain idea of France' challenged American hegemony, took France out of NATO and twice vetoed British entry into the European Community. His controversial decolonization of Algeria brought France to the brink of civil war and provoked several assassination attempts. Julian Jackson's magnificent biography reveals this the life of this titanic figure as never before. It draws on a vast range of published and unpublished memoirs and documents - including the recently opened de Gaulle archives - to show how de Gaulle achieved so much during the War when his resources were so astonishingly few, and how, as President, he put a medium-rank power at the centre of world affairs. No previous biography has depicted his paradoxes so vividly. Much of French politics since his death has been about his legacy, and he remains by far the greatest French leader since Napoleon.

On Equilibrium

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1476782245
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (767 download)

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Book Synopsis On Equilibrium by : John Ralston Saul

Download or read book On Equilibrium written by John Ralston Saul and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2014-07-22 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This international bestseller and “intellectual tour de force” (The Montreal Gazette) is both an attack on our weakness for ideologies and a manual for humanist action.