Quantitative Modeling of Human Performance in Complex, Dynamic Systems

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030904135X
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantitative Modeling of Human Performance in Complex, Dynamic Systems by : National Research Council

Download or read book Quantitative Modeling of Human Performance in Complex, Dynamic Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1990-01-01 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes and evaluates existing models of human performance and their use in the design and evaluation of new human-technology systems. Its primary focus is on the modeling of system operators who perform supervisory and manual control tasks. After an introduction on human performance modeling, the book describes information processing, control theory, task network, and knowledge-based models. It explains models of human performance in aircraft operations, nuclear power plant control, maintenance, and the supervisory control of process control systems, such as oil refineries. The book concludes with a discussion of model parameterization and validation and recommends a number of lines of research needed to strengthen model development and application.

Health Services Research

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Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Services Research by : Marilyn J. Field

Download or read book Health Services Research written by Marilyn J. Field and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1995-10-09 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health services research is a multidisciplinary field that investigates the structure, processes, and effects of health care services. This report focuses on one part of the field of health services research--its work force and its programs for educating and training that work force. This study undertook the following information collection activities: (1) a survey of directors of health services research training programs in the United States and Canada; (2) creation of a database of health services researchers in the United States; and (3) telephone interviews or panel discussions with key individuals in state governments, managed care organizations, hospital systems, consulting firms, and other nonacademic organizations. One of the first findings was that existing data on the size and characteristics of the health services research work force are fragmentary and incomplete. Recommendations are made to update and extend the database created for this study, to survey those with doctorates in health services, and to investigate the career paths and productivity of those who receive trainee grants or fellowship awards. Findings on work force supply and demand, training programs, and the need for future health services research are also included. Appendices provide additional information on: the new database on the health services research work force, the survey of educational programs, and multistate life table methodology. (Contains 77 references.) (CK)

Issues and Recommendations

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues and Recommendations by :

Download or read book Issues and Recommendations written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Human Resource Planning Proposal: Critical issues and recommendations

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Resource Planning Proposal: Critical issues and recommendations by :

Download or read book Human Resource Planning Proposal: Critical issues and recommendations written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Toward a National Research Network

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Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (549 download)

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Book Synopsis Toward a National Research Network by : National Research Council (U.S.). National Research Network Review Committee

Download or read book Toward a National Research Network written by National Research Council (U.S.). National Research Network Review Committee and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1988 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Learning Disabilities: Issues and Recommendations for Research, 1974

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Learning Disabilities: Issues and Recommendations for Research, 1974 by : National Institute of Education (U.S.)

Download or read book Learning Disabilities: Issues and Recommendations for Research, 1974 written by National Institute of Education (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fostering Integrity in Research

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309391253
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Fostering Integrity in Research by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Fostering Integrity in Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-01-13 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The integrity of knowledge that emerges from research is based on individual and collective adherence to core values of objectivity, honesty, openness, fairness, accountability, and stewardship. Integrity in science means that the organizations in which research is conducted encourage those involved to exemplify these values in every step of the research process. Understanding the dynamics that support â€" or distort â€" practices that uphold the integrity of research by all participants ensures that the research enterprise advances knowledge. The 1992 report Responsible Science: Ensuring the Integrity of the Research Process evaluated issues related to scientific responsibility and the conduct of research. It provided a valuable service in describing and analyzing a very complicated set of issues, and has served as a crucial basis for thinking about research integrity for more than two decades. However, as experience has accumulated with various forms of research misconduct, detrimental research practices, and other forms of misconduct, as subsequent empirical research has revealed more about the nature of scientific misconduct, and because technological and social changes have altered the environment in which science is conducted, it is clear that the framework established more than two decades ago needs to be updated. Responsible Science served as a valuable benchmark to set the context for this most recent analysis and to help guide the committee's thought process. Fostering Integrity in Research identifies best practices in research and recommends practical options for discouraging and addressing research misconduct and detrimental research practices.

Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309587883
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade by : International Standards, Conformity Assessment, and U.S. Trade Policy Project Committee

Download or read book Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade written by International Standards, Conformity Assessment, and U.S. Trade Policy Project Committee and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-03-29 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mandated standards used for vehicle airbags, International Organization for Standards (ISO) standards adopted for photographic film, de facto standards for computer software--however they arise, standards play a fundamental role in the global marketplace. Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade provides a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis of the link between standards, product testing and certification, and U.S. economic performance. The book includes recommendations for streamlining standards development, increasing the efficiency of product testing and certification, and promoting the success of U.S. exports in world markets. The volume offers a critical examination of organizations involved in standards and identifies the urgent improvements needed in the U.S. system for conformity assessment, in which adherence to standards is assessed and certified. Among other key issues, the book explores the role of government regulation, laboratory accreditation, and the overlapping of multiple quality standards in product development and manufacturing. In one of the first treatments of this subject, Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade offers a unique and highly valuable analysis of the impact of standards and conformity assessment on global trade.

Learning and Understanding

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030917080X
Total Pages : 588 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Learning and Understanding by : National Research Council

Download or read book Learning and Understanding written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-08-06 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a fresh look at programs for advanced studies for high school students in the United States, with a particular focus on the Advanced Placement and the International Baccalaureate programs, and asks how advanced studies can be significantly improved in general. It also examines two of the core issues surrounding these programs: they can have a profound impact on other components of the education system and participation in the programs has become key to admission at selective institutions of higher education. By looking at what could enhance the quality of high school advanced study programs as well as what precedes and comes after these programs, this report provides teachers, parents, curriculum developers, administrators, college science and mathematics faculty, and the educational research community with a detailed assessment that can be used to guide change within advanced study programs.

The Future of Public Health

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309581907
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future of Public Health by : Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health

Download or read book The Future of Public Health written by Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Nation has lost sight of its public health goals and has allowed the system of public health to fall into 'disarray'," from The Future of Public Health. This startling book contains proposals for ensuring that public health service programs are efficient and effective enough to deal not only with the topics of today, but also with those of tomorrow. In addition, the authors make recommendations for core functions in public health assessment, policy development, and service assurances, and identify the level of government--federal, state, and local--at which these functions would best be handled.

Pathways to Urban Sustainability

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030944456X
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Pathways to Urban Sustainability by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Pathways to Urban Sustainability written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-10-11 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cities have experienced an unprecedented rate of growth in the last decade. More than half the world's population lives in urban areas, with the U.S. percentage at 80 percent. Cities have captured more than 80 percent of the globe's economic activity and offered social mobility and economic prosperity to millions by clustering creative, innovative, and educated individuals and organizations. Clustering populations, however, can compound both positive and negative conditions, with many modern urban areas experiencing growing inequality, debility, and environmental degradation. The spread and continued growth of urban areas presents a number of concerns for a sustainable future, particularly if cities cannot adequately address the rise of poverty, hunger, resource consumption, and biodiversity loss in their borders. Intended as a comparative illustration of the types of urban sustainability pathways and subsequent lessons learned existing in urban areas, this study examines specific examples that cut across geographies and scales and that feature a range of urban sustainability challenges and opportunities for collaborative learning across metropolitan regions. It focuses on nine cities across the United States and Canada (Los Angeles, CA, New York City, NY, Philadelphia, PA, Pittsburgh, PA, Grand Rapids, MI, Flint, MI, Cedar Rapids, IA, Chattanooga, TN, and Vancouver, Canada), chosen to represent a variety of metropolitan regions, with consideration given to city size, proximity to coastal and other waterways, susceptibility to hazards, primary industry, and several other factors.

Reopening K-12 Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309680077
Total Pages : 115 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Reopening K-12 Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Reopening K-12 Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-11-08 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges to the nation's K-12 education system. The rush to slow the spread of the virus led to closures of schools across the country, with little time to ensure continuity of instruction or to create a framework for deciding when and how to reopen schools. States, districts, and schools are now grappling with the complex and high-stakes questions of whether to reopen school buildings and how to operate them safely if they do reopen. These decisions need to be informed by the most up-to-date evidence about the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19; about the impacts of school closures on students and families; and about the complexities of operating school buildings as the pandemic persists. Reopening K-12 Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prioritizing Health, Equity, and Communities provides guidance on the reopening and operation of elementary and secondary schools for the 2020-2021 school year. The recommendations of this report are designed to help districts and schools successfully navigate the complex decisions around reopening school buildings, keeping them open, and operating them safely.

Bridging the Gap Between Practice and Research

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309173922
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Bridging the Gap Between Practice and Research by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Bridging the Gap Between Practice and Research written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-08-11 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, most substance abuse treatment is administered by community-based organizations. If providers could readily incorporate the most recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of addiction and treatment, the treatment would be much more effective and efficient. The gap between research findings and everyday treatment practice represents an enormous missed opportunity at this exciting time in this field. Informed by real-life experiences in addiction treatment including workshops and site visits, Bridging the Gap Between Practice and Research examines why research remains remote from treatment and makes specific recommendations to community providers, federal and state agencies, and other decision-makers. The book outlines concrete strategies for building and disseminating knowledge about addiction; for linking research, policy development, and everyday treatment implementation; and for helping drug treatment consumers become more informed advocates. In candid language, the committee discusses the policy barriers and the human attitudesâ€"the stigma, suspicion, and skepticismâ€"that often hinder progress in addiction treatment. The book identifies the obstacles to effective collaboration among the research, treatment, and policy sectors; evaluates models to address these barriers; and looks in detail at the issue from the perspective of the community-based provider and the researcher.

The Digital Divide

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536110708
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Digital Divide by : Craig S. Landers

Download or read book The Digital Divide written by Craig S. Landers and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of the Internet as a world wide web in the late 1990s made access to information and knowledge significantly easier. Soon after the Internet started reaching the masses, concerns about its unequal distribution appeared. The digital divide that is manifested in access and usage differences between individuals, groups, regions and even countries is created between those who have access to information and communication technologies and know how to utilise them, and those who do not. Empirical studies supply strong evidence that many of those who are digitally excluded are also socially excluded, i.e., digital inequality is strongly related to economic and social stratification. Specifically, empirical studies have examined the digital divide as reflected in gaps in digital access, digital literacy, digital competence, digital, Internet and computer skills, attitudes towards computer and Internet and digital uses between different population groups. This book further reviews the issues, recommendations and new research on the digital divide.

The Future of Nursing

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309208955
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future of Nursing by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book The Future of Nursing written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-02-08 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Future of Nursing explores how nurses' roles, responsibilities, and education should change significantly to meet the increased demand for care that will be created by health care reform and to advance improvements in America's increasingly complex health system. At more than 3 million in number, nurses make up the single largest segment of the health care work force. They also spend the greatest amount of time in delivering patient care as a profession. Nurses therefore have valuable insights and unique abilities to contribute as partners with other health care professionals in improving the quality and safety of care as envisioned in the Affordable Care Act (ACA) enacted this year. Nurses should be fully engaged with other health professionals and assume leadership roles in redesigning care in the United States. To ensure its members are well-prepared, the profession should institute residency training for nurses, increase the percentage of nurses who attain a bachelor's degree to 80 percent by 2020, and double the number who pursue doctorates. Furthermore, regulatory and institutional obstacles-including limits on nurses' scope of practice-should be removed so that the health system can reap the full benefit of nurses' training, skills, and knowledge in patient care. In this book, the Institute of Medicine makes recommendations for an action-oriented blueprint for the future of nursing.

Promoting Health

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309132916
Total Pages : 507 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Promoting Health by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Promoting Health written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-02-01 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the dawn of the twenty-first century, Americans enjoyed better overall health than at any other time in the nation's history. Rapid advancements in medical technologies, breakthroughs in understanding the genetic underpinnings of health and ill health, improvements in the effectiveness and variety of pharmaceuticals, and other developments in biomedical research have helped develop cures for many illnesses and improve the lives of those with chronic diseases. By itself, however, biomedical research cannot address the most significant challenges to improving public health. Approximately half of all causes of mortality in the United States are linked to social and behavioral factors such as smoking, diet, alcohol use, sedentary lifestyle, and accidents. Yet less than five percent of the money spent annually on U.S. health care is devoted to reducing the risks of these preventable conditions. Behavioral and social interventions offer great promise, but as yet their potential has been relatively poorly tapped. Promoting Health identifies those promising areas of social science and behavioral research that may address public health needs. It includes 12 papersâ€"commissioned from some of the nation's leading expertsâ€"that review these issues in detail, and serves to assess whether the knowledge base of social and behavioral interventions has been useful, or could be useful, in the development of broader public health interventions.

Community Programs to Promote Youth Development

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309072751
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Community Programs to Promote Youth Development by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Community Programs to Promote Youth Development written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-02-12 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After-school programs, scout groups, community service activities, religious youth groups, and other community-based activities have long been thought to play a key role in the lives of adolescents. But what do we know about the role of such programs for today's adolescents? How can we ensure that programs are designed to successfully meet young people's developmental needs and help them become healthy, happy, and productive adults? Community Programs to Promote Youth Development explores these questions, focusing on essential elements of adolescent well-being and healthy development. It offers recommendations for policy, practice, and research to ensure that programs are well designed to meet young people's developmental needs. The book also discusses the features of programs that can contribute to a successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. It examines what we know about the current landscape of youth development programs for America's youth, as well as how these programs are meeting their diverse needs. Recognizing the importance of adolescence as a period of transition to adulthood, Community Programs to Promote Youth Development offers authoritative guidance to policy makers, practitioners, researchers, and other key stakeholders on the role of youth development programs to promote the healthy development and well-being of the nation's youth.