Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Isotope Separation Using Laser Excitation full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Isotope Separation Using Laser Excitation ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (921 download)
Download or read book Isotope Separation Using Laser Excitation written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Petr Artemovich Bokhan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527608672
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Laser Isotope Separation in Atomic Vapor written by Petr Artemovich Bokhan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading Russian scientists, including Nobel laureate, A.M. Prokhorov (1916-2002), this first book on this important technology allows an understanding of the physics of atomic vapor laser isotope separation and new photochemical methods of laser isotope separation. One entire chapter is devoted to chemical reactions of atoms in excited states, while further chapters deal with the separation of isotopes by one photon isotope-selective and coherent isotope-selective two photon excitation of atoms. A final chapter looks at the prospects for the industrial production of isotope products by laser isotope separation. The whole is rounded off by six appendices.
Author : Ruben M. Serrato
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1599423634
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (994 download)
Download or read book Laser Isotope Separation and the Future of Nuclear Proliferation written by Ruben M. Serrato and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser isotope separation (LIS) is an emerging technology that uses relatively small, widely-available lasers to achieve civilian or weapons grade concentration of fissile material to fuel nuclear reactions. To date only a few, limited proliferation risk analyses of LIS technology have been conducted. This paper provides a historically and technically informed update on the current state of LIS technology and it explains the high likelihood of increased global LIS adoption. The paper also explains how international rules governing nuclear energy are ill-equipped to handle such new technology. It traces the current limitations to broader issues in international relations theory, especially the incomplete accounts of the role of technology in the proliferation dynamic in the dominant neorealism and social construction of technology approaches. The paper introduces the concept of "international technology development structure," a framework for understanding how technology-related opportunities and constraints at the international system-level influence state nuclear weapons choices. The paper provides a thorough update of recent international laser innovations relevant to laser isotope separation and it explains how the spread of laser-related knowledge expands state nuclear options and influences their choices. The paper also provides a country-by-country update on LIS programs and it uses the example of Iran's laser isotope separation program to show how existing International Atomic Energy Agency efforts and export control approaches will be inadequate to addressing dual-use technologies such as LIS. It concludes by proposing a new course that links good standing in nuclear non-proliferation agreements to participation in the World Trade Organization, global conferences, and fundamental university research. Ultimately, the paper attempts to provide a comprehensive account of how emerging laser isotope separation technology presents non-proliferation challenges and it attempts to explore options for addressing this new period in technological achievement and change.
Download or read book Laser Isotope Separation by Selective Excited State Photochemistry. Progress Report, June 1, 1975--February 29, 1976 written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress has been made on the development of a low-temperature source for the generation of uranium atoms, and the use of laser-induced predissociation in Rb2* for isotope separation. However, our main efforts have concentrated on understanding and improving the laser isotope separation of 35Cl and 37Cl by photochemical means. The gas-phase reaction ICl* with 1,2-dibromoethylene produces both cis-1-bromo-2-chloroethylene and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene stereospecifically. Selective excitation of I37Cl with a tunable cw dye laser causes identical degrees of isotope enrichment in both products. By the use of an I35Cl cell placed inside the cavity of the dye laser, the 35Cl:37Cl ratio may be changed from 3:1 (natural abundance) to greater than 1:15. A competing pathway, cis-trans isomerization of starting material, also occurs and is the fastest reaction. The stereospecificity of the reaction and the relative rate of geometrical isomerization to substitution are the same when chlorine atoms, formed by the photodissociation of ICl or Cl2, are scavenged by dibromoethylene. We conclude that, kinetically, ICl* acts as a free chlorine atom. That isotope separation is achieved by a free-radical scavenging mechanism is indeed remarkable and owes its success to the structure of the scavenger and the choice of initial conditions.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Special Isotope Separation Project Construction & Operation Using Atomic Vapor Laser Isotope Technology (ID,WA,SC) written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. Applied Photochemistry Division
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Introduction to Laser Isotope Separation written by Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. Applied Photochemistry Division and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jeffrey A. Paisner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Laser Isotope Separation written by Jeffrey A. Paisner and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Isotope Separation by Laser Means written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A process for separating isotopes by selective excitation of isotopic species of a volatile compound by tuned laser light. A highly cooled gas of the volatile compound is produced in which the isotopic shift is sharpened and defined. Before substantial condensation occurs, the cooled gas is irradiated with laser light precisely tuned to a desired wavelength to selectively excite a particular isotopic species in the cooled gas. The laser light may impart sufficient energy to the excited species to cause it to undergo photochemical reaction or even to photoionize. Alternatively, a two-photon irradiation may be applied to the cooled gas to induce photochemical reaction or photoionization. The process is particularly applicable to the separation of isotopes of uranium and plutonium.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (682 download)
Download or read book Laser Enhanced Microwave Plasma Isotope Separation. Progress Report, September 30, 1992--April 15, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are developing an innovative method of isotope enrichment using laser enhanced microwave/electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) discharges. Experimental research is focusing on laser excitation of a low abundance isotope and then ionization and separation using a microwave/ECR discharge at 2.45 GHz. The first six months of the grant period have focused on modifying the plans for the ion source to include accessibility for laser excitation. Construction of the ion source has begun and is close to completion. During the next six months we plan to test the performance of the ion source. During the next fiscal year we plan to purchase a dye amplifier which will be pumped by our copper vapor laser. The dye laser, tuned to a wavelength of 670.8 mn, will excite 6Li which win then be preferentially ionized by the ECR source and collected with a charged grid. The degree of enrichment will be determined using thermal ionization mass spectrometry. The Dept. of Geology is currently calibrating their mass spectrometry system for 6Li/7Li ratios. The final objective of this project will be to assess the feasibility of this system to large-scale prod?action of stable isotopes.
Download or read book Lasers for Isotope Separation Processes and Their Properties written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The laser system requirements for isotope enrichment are presented in the context of an atomic uranium vapor process. Coherently pumped dye lasers using as the pump laser either the frequency doubled Nd:YAG or copper vapor are seen to be quite promising for meeting the near term requirements of a laser isotope separation (LIS) process. The utility of electrical discharge excitation of the rare gas halogens in an LIS context is discussed.
Download or read book Isotope Separation Apparatus and Method written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for laser isotope separation by photodeflection. A molecular beam comprising at least two isotopes to be separated intersects, preferable substantially perpendicular to one broad side of the molecular beam, with a laser beam traveling in a first direction. The laser beam is reflected back through the molecular beam, preferably in a second direction essentially opposite to the first direction. The laser beam comprises .pi.-pulses of a selected wavelength which excite unexcited molecules, or cause stimulated emission of excited molecules of one of the isotopes. Excitation caused by first direction .pi.-pulses moves molecules of the isotope excited thereby in the first direction. Stimulated emission of excited molecules of the isotope is brought about by returning .pi.-pulses traveling in the second direction. Stimulated emission moves emitting molecules in a direction opposite to the photon emitted. Because emitted photons travel in the second direction, emitting molecules move in the first direction. Substantial molecular movement is accomplished by a large number of .pi.-pulse-molecule interactions. A beam corer collects the molecules in the resulting enriched divergent portions of the beam.
Download or read book Isotope Separation of Laser Excited Molecules by Use of Surface Interaction written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Atomic Vapor Laser Isotope Separation Program written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laser Isotope Separation written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A process and apparatus for separating isotopes by selective excitation of isotopic species of a volatile compound by tuned laser light. A highly cooled gas of the volatile compound is produced in which the isotopic shift is sharpened and defined. Before substantial condensation occurs, the cooled gas is irradiated with laser light precisely tuned to a desired wavelength to selectively excite a particular isotopic species in the cooled gas. The laser light may impart sufficient energy to the excited species to cause it to undergo photolysis, photochemical reaction or even to photoionize. Alternatively, a two-photon irradiation may be applied to the cooled gas to induce photolysis, photochemical reaction or photoionization. The process is particularly applicable to the separation of isotopes of uranium.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Laser Enhanced Microwave Plasma Isotope Separation. Final Report, September 30, 1992--September 29, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The experimental research was to focus on laser excitation of a low abundance isotope and then ionize and separate the isotope of low abundance using a microwave/ECR discharge at 2.45 GHz. A small compact electron cyclotron resonance ion source, which uses permanent magnets, was constructed during this project. The dye laser was purchased and later an excimer laser had to also be purchased because it turned out that the dye laser could not be pumped by our copper laser. It was intended that the dye laser be tuned to a wavelength of 670.8 nm, which would excite 6Li which would then be preferentially ionized by the ECR source and collected with a charged grid. The degree of enrichment was to be determined using thermal ionization mass spectrometry. The final objective of this project was to assess the feasibility of this system to large-scale production of stable isotopes. However the funding of this project was interrupted and we were not able to achieve all of our goals.
Author : Jeff W. Eerkens
Publisher : SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 740 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Selected Papers on Laser Isotope Separation written by Jeff W. Eerkens and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1995 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SPIE Milestones are collections of seminal papers from the world literature covering important discoveries and developments in optics and photonics.
Download or read book Laser Isotope Separation by Selective Excited State Photochemistry. Annual Progress Report, March 31, 1976--February 28, 1977 written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental results are presented providing insight into the mechanisms of photochemical separation of Cd isotopes by selective excitation of ICl in the presence of halogenated olefins. The types of scrambling reactions that can be expected in isotope separation by scavenging are discussed along with strategies for minimizing such reactions. The experimental results are summarized and the reaction mechanisms are represented by graphic equations. (JRD).
