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Is There An Association Between Corporate Governance And Firm Diversification An Empirical Study With Brazilian Companies
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Book Synopsis Is There an Association between Corporate Governance and Firm Diversification? An Empirical Study with Brazilian Companies by : Wesley Mendes-Da-Silva
Download or read book Is There an Association between Corporate Governance and Firm Diversification? An Empirical Study with Brazilian Companies written by Wesley Mendes-Da-Silva and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strategy adopted by a company can be understood as the result of mechanisms and practices of corporate governance. In turn, the performance of a firm depends directly on the decisions made by its administrators. However, managers can incorporate their own personal interests in strategic decisions, creating a level of corporate diversification, according to the operation of the corporate government. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate, empirically, if the structure of governance is different between focused and diversified firms and, furthermore, if differences in corporate governance are associated with some loss of value for the firm from the diversification. This study consists of a multiple cross section extending from 1997 to 2001. Data from 176 companies with open capital listed on the Satilde;o Paulo Stock Exchange (Bovespa) were used, representing 14 industry segments. The results of the multivariable analysis reveal that the size of the board of directors (InTAMC) and the participation of the executives in the profit (profit sharing) of the company (PART) are positively associated with the diversification of the firm (HPROD). Moreover, the companies with private national capital (CNTR) appeared more diversified than those with government capital; however it is important to recognize that these associations were not constant for the entire length of the study period.
Book Synopsis Related Party Transactions by : Alexandre Di Miceli da Silveira
Download or read book Related Party Transactions written by Alexandre Di Miceli da Silveira and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Related Party Transactions (RPTs) are operations with high potential for conflict of interests between shareholders and managers or between controlling and minority shareholders. In environments characterized by concentrated ownership structures, such as in Brazilian, such transactions could be used as a way for reaping private benefits of control by controlling shareholders. This paper undertakes this issue from both legal and empirical point of view. On the legal side, we survey the legal strategies currently employed in Brazil by regulators and self-regulatory bodies aiming at to avoid the problems from the inherently conflict of interests present in such dealings. On the empirical side, we analyze the RPTs reported by all Brazilian companies listed at Bovespa's corporate governance special listing segments in 2006. We also analyze the relation between the use of RPTs and proxies for corporate governance quality, as well as the relation between RPTs and firm market value. As the main qualitative result from our legal survey, we observe that Brazilian legal system makes use of two main legal strategies: definition of expected standards with ex-post analysis, and mandatory disclosure of relevant RPTs. From our quantitative analyses, three results stand out: RPTs are significant and frequent among Brazilian listed companies, there's a negative association between the use of RPTs and corporate governance quality, and there's a negative association between RPTs and firm market value. Overall, the empirical results provide evidence that RPTs are a signal for conflicts of interests taking place, rather than efficient business transactions.
Book Synopsis Is There Some Association between the Board Composition and the Financial Performance? Evidences of Companies Listed in Brazil by : Wesley Mendes-Da-Silva
Download or read book Is There Some Association between the Board Composition and the Financial Performance? Evidences of Companies Listed in Brazil written by Wesley Mendes-Da-Silva and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The corporate governance has been reason of research in some areas of knowledge, amongst them, the Financial area, which has dedicated a considerate amount of papers published recently. In the national scope, the literature concerning the results which the corporate governance can bring for the financial performance of the companies, is relatively discrete. Taking for base the works developed for Bhagat amp; Black (1999 and 2002), this objective work to verify the existence of associations between the board composition and the financial performance shown by Brazilian companies. The research consisted of one multiple cross section which analyzed the subject from 1997 up to 2001, and were lead a set of data of 176 manufacturing companies of capital opened in actions negotiated in the Stock exchange of Sao Paulo. The analysis of data discloses that, for the studied period, it did not have an only of relationship, statistically significant standard, for all the explanatory variable (corporate governance) and the dependent variable (financial performance). However, it was verified that, for two of the five studied years, the independence of the administration advice (INDCO), as well as the independence of the chairman of the board of administration (INDPR) had also been positively associates to the financial performance and still that, the size of the administration advice showed, in one of the five years, an excellent amount of members (lnTAMC)2 in relation to the firm value (Tobin's Q index).Keywords: Corporate Governance, Board Composition, Financial Performance, Brazilians Companies.
Book Synopsis Corporate governance and company performance in brazil by :
Download or read book Corporate governance and company performance in brazil written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surgido incialmente na Inglaterra e EUA, o movimento de governança corporativa ganhou repercussão considerável na última década em função da pressão crescente de investidores e acionistas minoritários por maior transparência na divulgação de informações. No Brasil, só muito recentemente, o tema vem atraindo a atenção de empresas, estudiosos e investidores como consequência emgrande parte da necessidade de profissionalização das companhias com o processo de privatização de estatais e globalização. A partir de uma amostra de 145 empresas brasileiras não financeiras listadas em bolsa em 2002, o estudo busca verificar se existe uma relação estatisticamente significante entre os padrões de governança corporativa observados nas empresas brasileiras e seus respectivos valores de mercado e desempenho, particularmente, através da utilização de uma modelagem estatística de regressão múltipla linear. Os resultados revelam que os modelos propostos são válidos estatisticamente com um nível de confiança de 95% e que a estrutura de governança corporativa influencia desempenho e valor de mercado de forma distinta.
Book Synopsis Corporate Governance, Market Valuation and Dividend Policy in Brazil by : Andre Carvalhal
Download or read book Corporate Governance, Market Valuation and Dividend Policy in Brazil written by Andre Carvalhal and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates the effects of the corporate governance structure on market valuation and dividend payout of Brazilian companies. The empirical results indicate a high degree of ownership and control concentration. We can also note a significant difference between the voting and total capital owned by the largest shareholders, mainly through the existence of non-voting shares, pyramidal structures, and shareholding agreements. These mechanisms seem to be used by controlling shareholders to keep the firm's control without having to own 50% of the total capital. The evidence also reveals that there is a relationship between governance structure, market valuation, and dividend policy in Brazil.
Book Synopsis A Primer on Corporate Governance by : Eduardo Schiehll
Download or read book A Primer on Corporate Governance written by Eduardo Schiehll and published by . This book was released on 2015-03-15 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Firm-level corporate governance practices vary widely according to country-level factors. Understanding national institutions and the interrelationships among economic players is therefore fundamental to assessing firm-level corporate governance outcomes. More importantly, these governance enforcements have been driven not only by the globalization of markets, but also by internal economic and political forces, resulting in a very particular governance system. The main goal of this book is to describe these particularities and examine the main features that have shaped Brazil's corporate governance system. In the first part, the book will present Brazil's legal system, with a focus on how its corporate law, which differs from that of the U.S. and most European countries, has influenced shareholder rights, ownership concentration, and management accountability in Brazilian listed companies. This is followed by a historical overview of the most important corporate governance landmarks in Brazil, in which the most influential institutions responsible for promoting sound governance in Brazil are identified. Special attention will be paid to private and public initiatives that have embraced governance best practices of developed markets, such as the Sao Paulo stock exchange's (BOVESPA) premium segment, with voluntary governance standards. The second part will appraise into specific firm-level governance features of Brazilian companies. Ownership structures of Brazilian listed companies will be examined, including the roles of the state, family, and large institutional shareholders. Data on ownership structures of Brazilian companies will also be presented to illustrate recent changes and the decline of ownership concentration. Moreover, like ownership structure, the role and composition of boards of directors of Brazilian companies have evolved. Therefore, board structure and the meaning of board independence will be explored in the Brazilian context. Public disclosure of financial information and executive compensation are also salient governance features that have undergone significant enforcement in Brazil in the last decade. The final chapter will consider these improvements and discuss the role of public disclosure in the governance of Brazilian listed companies.
Book Synopsis The impact of corporate governance on firm value and equity cost of capital of listed companies in brazil by :
Download or read book The impact of corporate governance on firm value and equity cost of capital of listed companies in brazil written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: O tema da Governança Corporativa vem ganhando importância recente paraorganizações e pesquisadores mundialmente. Nele, as corporações são analisadascomo uma estrutura de governança, nas quais destacam-se as relações decorrentesda separação entre propriedade e gestão. No Brasil, a partir das mudançasestruturais ocorridas a partir do início dos anos 90, relacionadas à aberturacomercial, aos processos de privatização e estabilização monetária da economia, novos agentes ganharam relevo no cenário nacional, engendrando novas formasde governança corporativa. Observam-se mudanças no controle societário dascorporações no país, tendo como acionistas principalmente investidoresinstitucionais e externos. O propósito deste estudo é verificar se a adoção depráticas de governança corporativa traz benefícios concretos para companhiasabertas no Brasil, especificamente: a transparência e as características doConselho de Administração das companhias abertas no Brasil influenciam o valore o custo de capital próprio destas empresas? Foi realizada uma pesquisadescritiva, documental e bibliográfica, na qual buscou-se verificar se existe umarelação estatística significativa entre variáveis independentes, associadas àtransparência e a características de controle atribuídas ao Conselho deAdministração, e variáveis dependentes, associadas ao valor e ao custo de capitalpróprio. Para tal, utilizou-se um modelo estatístico de regressão linear múltiplacom 95% de nível de confiança aplicado a uma amostra das companhias abertasno Brasil com liquidez significativa no ano de 2004. Apesar de não seremconclusivos, os resultados apontam no sentido proposto pelos códigos demelhores práticas de governança corporativa existentes.
Book Synopsis Investor Protection and Corporate Governance by : Alberto Chong
Download or read book Investor Protection and Corporate Governance written by Alberto Chong and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-06-26 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Investor Protection and Corporate Governance' analyzes the impact of corporate governance on firm performance and valuation. Using unique datasets gathered at the firm-level the first such data in the region and results from a homogeneous corporate governance questionnaire, the book examines corporate governance characteristics, ownership structures, dividend policies, and performance measures. The book's analysis reveals the very high levels of ownership and voting rights concentrations and monolithic governance structures in the largest samples of Latin American companies up to now, and new data emphasize the importance of specific characteristics of the investor protection regimes in several Latin American countries. By and large, those firms with better governance measures across several dimensions are granted higher valuations and thus lower cost of capital. This title will be useful to researchers, policy makers, government officials, and other professionals involved in corporate governance, economic policy, and business finance, law, and management.
Book Synopsis Corporate Governance and Ownership Structure in Brazil by : Pablo Rogers
Download or read book Corporate Governance and Ownership Structure in Brazil written by Pablo Rogers and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literature indicates that, mainly in countries with high stock concentration, the ownership structure is an important internal mechanism of control of the corporate governance, with effects in the companies' value and performance. In Brazil, the existing relationship among corporate governance - ownership structure - performance is still not conclusive. The present study investigates if there is any relationship among ownership structure, financial performance and value in the Brazilian non-financial public companies with stocks negotiated in the Satilde;o Paulo Stock Exchange, between the period of 1997 to 2001, as well as the determinant of the level of concentration of the ownership in these companies. In the empiric investigation it was used a multiple regression analysis through the estimators of the Ordinary Least Squares with heteroscedasticity in accordance with White (1980). Concerning the used methodology, the results indicate that the variables of ownership structure as defined do not have influence on the financial performance and value of the companies. Remaining to the determinant of the ownership structure of the Brazilian non-financial public companies, the results indicate that the ownership structure can be explained by the size of the firm, market instability and regulation, being the latter the main determinant of the ownership structure.
Book Synopsis Corporate Governance Quality and Firm Value in Brazil by : Alexandre Di Miceli da Silveira
Download or read book Corporate Governance Quality and Firm Value in Brazil written by Alexandre Di Miceli da Silveira and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the influence of corporate governance quality on market value of 154 Brazilian listed companies in 2002. In order to obtain a proxy for corporate governance quality, a broad governance index was built. The investigation was carried out by different econometric approaches in increasing order of complexity, including multiple regressions by Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), instrumental variables approach and systems of simultaneous equations. The results obtained in all econometric approaches show a positive and significant influence of corporate governance quality on firm's market value. OLS results with market value variables Tobin's Q and PBV multiple suggest that, ceteris paribus, a worst-to-best change in governance quality would result in a market capitalization increase of around 85% and 100%, respectively. The paper also finds evidence of corporate governance variable endogeneity and proposes different instruments for estimation by instrumental variables approach. Moreover, results by simultaneous equation approach indicate a relation of reverse causality between corporate governance quality and firm valuation.
Book Synopsis Corporate Governance in Brazil by : Bernard S. Black
Download or read book Corporate Governance in Brazil written by Bernard S. Black and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the corporate governance practices of Brazilian public companies. We identify areas where their governance is relatively strong and weak. Many firms have small boards, comprised entirely or almost entirely of insiders or representatives of the controlling family or group. Even some very large firms have no independent directors. Formal board processes are limited. Audit committees are uncommon, but many firms use a substitute body ndash; the fiscal board ndash; which does not require that the firm have independent directors to staff the audit committee. Financial disclosure is mixed. Some firms voluntarily provide English language disclosure, but many do not provide cash flow statements or consolidated quarterly financial statements. Brazilian corporate law often provides limited protection to minority shareholders, but the Brazilian stock exchange, Bovespa, provides optional governance rules which go beyond the legal minimums. These optional rules have become increasingly popular with Brazilian firms.For a more detailed study, see Black, de Carvalho and Gorga, The Corporate Governance of Privately Controlled Brazilian Firms, Revista Brasileira de Financcedil;as vol. 7 (2009), at lt;a href=quot;http://ssrn.com/abstract=1003059quot;gt;http://ssrn.com/abstract=1003059lt;/agt; (Portuguese version at lt;a href=quot;http://ssrn.com/abstract=1528183quot;gt;http://ssrn.com/abstract=1528183lt;/agt.
Book Synopsis Corporate Governance and Capital Structure in Brazil by : Alexandre Ripamonti
Download or read book Corporate Governance and Capital Structure in Brazil written by Alexandre Ripamonti and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: To study the Brazilian bond and stock markets for testing the stock market development theory of Demirgüc-Kunt and Maksimovic (1996).Originality/gap/relevance/implications: This paper tests the substitution hypothesis of stock market development, from debt to stocks, in a context of improved corporate governance, by analyzing the data with cointegration techniques. The findings show that the rejection of substitution hypothesis, as the bond market has a positive and significant association with stock market improvements. The findings also show that improving the quality of corporate governance could lead equity capital and borrower capital sources to be complementary and not substitutes, suggesting that Brazilian stock market reform has created a virtuous development cycle.Key methodological aspects: Positivist research using quantitative methodology. Data from a sample of 171 firms during 20 years, analyzed with cointegration. The null was a negative association between bond and stock markets.Summary of key results: Null rejection, non-consistent to theoretical framework. The results have shown a positive and significant association between stock and debt in an improved corporate governance context.Key considerations/conclusions: Improving the quality of corporate governance could lead equity capital and borrower capital sources to be complementary, and not substitutes, suggesting that Brazilian stock market reform has created a virtuous development cycle.
Book Synopsis Corporate Governance, Shareholder Rights and Firm Diversification by : Pornsit Jiraporn
Download or read book Corporate Governance, Shareholder Rights and Firm Diversification written by Pornsit Jiraporn and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grounded in agency theory, this study investigates how the strength of shareholder rights influences the extent of firm diversification and the excess value attributable to diversification. The empirical evidence reveals that the strength of shareholder rights is inversely related to the probability to diversify. Furthermore, firms where shareholder rights are more suppressed by restrictive corporate governance suffer a deeper diversification discount. Specifically, we document a 1.1-1.4% decline in firm value for each additional governance provision imposed on shareholders. An explicit distinction is made between global and industrial diversification. Our results support agency theory as an explanation for the value reduction in diversified firms. The evidence in favor of agency theory appears to be more pronounced for industrial diversification than for global diversification.
Book Synopsis Corporate Governance by : Kevin Keasey
Download or read book Corporate Governance written by Kevin Keasey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-05-05 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decade since the publication of the Cadbury Report in1992 has seen growing interest in corporate governance. This growth has recently become an explosion with major corporate scandals such as WorldCom and Enron in the US, the international diffusion of corporate governance codes and wider interest in researching corporate governance in different institutional contexts and through different subject lenses. In view of these developments, this book will be a rigorous update and development of the editor’s earlier work, Corporate Governance: Economic, Management and Financial Issues. Each chapter, written by an expert in the subject offers a high level review of the topic, embracing material from financial accounting, strategy and economic perspectives.
Book Synopsis The Evolution of Corporate Governance in Brazil by : Bernard S. Black
Download or read book The Evolution of Corporate Governance in Brazil written by Bernard S. Black and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We use extensive hand collected surveys reporting governance practices in 2004, 2006, and 2009 to build a broad corporate governance index and analyze the evolution of corporate governance in Brazil and the association between governance and firm value. We find that corporate governance practices improved significantly over this period. This evolution is due to two main factors: 1) growth in Novo Mercado and Level II (NM&L2) listings, mainly through IPOs by new firms, and 2) improved practices at non-NM&L2 firms, principally adopting governance elements required for NM&L2 listing. Governance practices for firms already listed on NM&L2 were stable. Adoption of the elements of our governance index that are required for NM&L2 listing predicts higher firm value. In contrast, adoption of the remaining elements of our index does not predict firm value. Thus, governance changes appear to respond to investor preferences.
Book Synopsis Evolution and Determinants of Firm-Level Corporate Governance Quality in Brazil by : Alexandre Di Miceli da Silveira
Download or read book Evolution and Determinants of Firm-Level Corporate Governance Quality in Brazil written by Alexandre Di Miceli da Silveira and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the evolution and the determinants of firm-level corporate governance practices in Brazil from 1998 to 2004 using a broad corporate governance index. A key contribution is to examine the voluntary adoption of corporate governance guidelines under an almost quot;no listing requirementsquot; environment in Brazil over a reasonable time span while most studies use cross-section samples over one or a few years. This is probably one of the few papers to investigate the impact of ownership structure on the quality of corporate governance practices segregating control and cash flow rights. Also, we perform regression analyses employing a robust panel-data GMM-based procedure that accounts for the main sources of endogeneity associated with our empirical design. Our data shows that overall firm-level corporate governance quality is steadily improving but is still low and that heterogeneity has increased during the sample period. Voluntarily joining stricter listing requirements, either by cross-listing in the US or by joining Bovespa's New Market, is positively associated with firm-level corporate governance quality. We found no clear evidence of the influence of other potential determinants, such as growth perspectives, firm size, firm value, and ownership structure, and we doubt the methodological reliability of previous findings suggesting that there is a causal relationship from value and ownership to corporate governance practices.
Book Synopsis Discretionary Accruals, Liquidity and Corporate Governance Index in Brazil by : Ricardo Lopes Cardoso
Download or read book Discretionary Accruals, Liquidity and Corporate Governance Index in Brazil written by Ricardo Lopes Cardoso and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates if the level of discretionary accruals (DAs) is different for companies whose corporate governance level is certified by Bovespa compared to those ones that are not. And also for companies whose stocks negotiated at Bovespa have high liquidity compared to the ones with low liquidity. The main purpose is to comprehend the phenomenon of accounting choices (measured as DAs), its incentives and counter-incentives. In this context, the issues were: i) Is there any difference of DAs intensity between certified and non-certified companies, considering the corporate governance level?; ii) Is there any difference of DAs intensity with high liquidity stocks at Bovespa and those ones with low liquidity? This research took into consideration Jones' original model (1991), a sample with 1,791 observations collected from 1997 to 2004. Empirical results from our study show that there is no significant statistic difference in the level of DAs between the firms listed or not in the corporate governance index. This suggests the need to consider incentives and counter-incentives from the capital market to those different set of firms, in relation with accounting choices.
