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Is Bonded Labor Voluntary
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Book Synopsis Is bonded labor voluntary? by : Espen Villanger
Download or read book Is bonded labor voluntary? written by Espen Villanger and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: UN estimate that 20 million are held in bonded labor. Several economic analyses assert that bonded laborers accept these contracts voluntarily, which could imply that a ban would make such laborers worse off. We question the voluntariness of bonded labor, and present a mechanism that keeps workers trapped. With different types of landlords not revealed to the laborer, we show how some landlords manipulate contract terms so that the laborer becomes bonded. Enforcement mechanisms and the monopolistic market for credit thus play a joint role. Providing alternative sources of credit, offer proper conflict resolution institutions over labor-contract disputes and banning could emancipate bonded labor, which would make them better off.
Book Synopsis Monitoring International Labor Standards by : National Research Council
Download or read book Monitoring International Labor Standards written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-11 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new report provides a framework within which to assess compliance with core international labor standards and succeeds in taking an enormous step toward interpreting all relevant information into one central database. At the request of the Bureau of International Labor Affairs at the U.S. Department of Labor, the National Research Council's Committee on Monitoring International Labor Standards was charged with identifying relevant and useful sources of country-level data, assessing the quality of such data, identifying innovative measures to monitor compliance, exploring the relationship between labor standards and human capital, and making recommendations on reporting procedures to monitor compliance. The result of the committee's work is in two partsâ€"this report and a database structure. Together, they offer a first step toward the goal of providing an empirical foundation to monitor compliance with core labor standards. The report provides a comprehensive review of extant data sources, with emphasis on their relevance to defined labor standards, their utility to decision makers in charge of assessing or monitoring compliance, and the cautions necessary to understand and use the quantitative information.
Download or read book Hidden Slaves written by Barry Leonard and published by . This book was released on 2004-12 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forced labor is a serious & pervasive problem in the U.S. At any given time 10,000 or more people work as forced laborers in cities & towns across the country, & it is likely that the actual number is much higher, possibly tens of thousands. Because forced labor is hidden, inhumane, widespread, & criminal, sustained & coordinated efforts by U.S. law enforce., social service providers, & the general public are needed to expose & eradicate this illicit trade. This report documents the nature & scope of forced labor in the U.S. from Jan. 1998 to Dec. 2003. It is the first study to examine the numbers, demographic characteristics, & origins of victims & perpetrators of forced labor in the U.S. & the adequacy of the U.S. response to this growing problem. Illus.
Download or read book Bonded Labor written by Siddharth Kara and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-05-06 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Siddharth KaraÕs Sex Trafficking has become a critical resource for its revelations into an unconscionable business, and its detailed analysis of the tradeÕs immense economic benefits and human cost. This volume is KaraÕs second, explosive study of slavery, this time focusing on the deeply entrenched and wholly unjust system of bonded labor. Drawing on eleven years of research in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, Kara delves into an ancient and ever-evolving mode of slavery that ensnares roughly six out of every ten slaves in the world and generates profits that exceeded $17.6 billion in 2011. In addition to providing a thorough economic, historical, and legal overview of bonded labor, Kara travels to the far reaches of South Asia, from cyclone-wracked southwestern Bangladesh to the Thar desert on the India-Pakistan border, to uncover the brutish realities of such industries as hand-woven-carpet making, tea and rice farming, construction, brick manufacture, and frozen-shrimp production. He describes the violent enslavement of millions of impoverished men, women, and children who toil in the production of numerous products at minimal cost to the global market. He also follows supply chains directly to Western consumers, vividly connecting regional bonded labor practices to the appetites of the world. KaraÕs pioneering analysis encompasses human trafficking, child labor, and global security, and he concludes with specific initiatives to eliminate the system of bonded labor from South Asia once and for all.
Book Synopsis Is Bonded Labor Voluntary? by : Espen Villanger
Download or read book Is Bonded Labor Voluntary? written by Espen Villanger and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The UN estimates that 20 million are held in bonded labor. Several economic analyses assert that bonded laborers accept these contracts voluntarily, which could imply that a ban would make such laborers worse off. We question the voluntary nature of bonded labor, discuss different theories and new evidence on the issue, and propose a new mechanism whereby landlords keep workers trapped. With different types of landlords not revealed to the laborer, we show how some landlords manipulate loan terms so that the laborer becomes bonded if future labor is rendered as collateral. Enforcement mechanisms and the monopolistic market for credit thus play a joint role. Providing alternative sources of credit, offering proper conflict resolution institutions for settling labor-contract disputes and banning the practice of bonded labor could emancipate bonded laborers, which would make them better off.
Book Synopsis The SAGE Handbook of Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery by : Jennifer Bryson Clark
Download or read book The SAGE Handbook of Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery written by Jennifer Bryson Clark and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2018-12-10 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of people around the world are forced to work without pay and under threat of violence. These individuals can be found working in brothels, factories, mines, farm fields, restaurants, construction sites and private homes: many have been tricked by human traffickers and lured by false promises of good jobs or education, some are forced to work at gunpoint, while others are trapped by phony debts from unscrupulous moneylenders. The SAGE Handbook of Human Trafficking and Modern-Day Slavery provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary and global look at the diverse issues surrounding human trafficking and slavery in the post-1945 environment. Covering everything from history, literature and politics to economics, international law and geography, this Handbook is essential reading for academics and researchers, as well as for policy-makers and non-governmental organisations
Book Synopsis What Slaveholders Think by : Austin Choi-Fitzpatrick
Download or read book What Slaveholders Think written by Austin Choi-Fitzpatrick and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-07 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on fifteen years of work in the antislavery movement, Austin Choi-Fitzpatrick examines the systematic oppression of men, women, and children in rural India and asks: How do contemporary slaveholders rationalize the subjugation of other human beings, and how do they respond when their power is threatened? More than a billion dollars have been spent on antislavery efforts, yet the practice persists. Why? Unpacking what slaveholders think about emancipation is critical for scholars and policy makers who want to understand the broader context, especially as seen by the powerful. Insight into those moments when the powerful either double down or back off provides a sobering counterbalance to scholarship on popular struggle. Through frank and unprecedented conversations with slaveholders, Choi-Fitzpatrick reveals the condescending and paternalistic thought processes that blind them. While they understand they are exploiting workers' vulnerabilities, slaveholders also feel they are doing workers a favor, often taking pride in this relationship. And when the victims share this perspective, their emancipation is harder to secure, driving some in the antislavery movement to ask why slaves fear freedom. The answer, Choi-Fitzpatrick convincingly argues, lies in the power relationship. Whether slaveholders recoil at their past behavior or plot a return to power, Choi-Fitzpatrick zeroes in on the relational dynamics of their self-assessment, unpacking what happens next. Incorporating the experiences of such pivotal actors into antislavery research is an immensely important step toward crafting effective antislavery policies and intervention. It also contributes to scholarship on social change, social movements, and the realization of human rights.
Book Synopsis Bonded Labour in Pakistan by : Aly Alp Ercelawn
Download or read book Bonded Labour in Pakistan written by Aly Alp Ercelawn and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the continuing prevalence of debt bondage in the 1990s despite the introduction of national legislation banning the practice. Makes recommendations to the Government and the international community for actions to be taken to eliminate bonded labour and provide rehabilitation for freed workers. Includes texts of Land Reforms Regulations, 1972, the Sindh Tenancy Act, 1950 and the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1992.
Book Synopsis Contemporary Forms of Slavery in Pakistan by : Farhad Karim
Download or read book Contemporary Forms of Slavery in Pakistan written by Farhad Karim and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 1995 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NATURE OF THE WORK
Book Synopsis Bonded Labour in Pakistan by : Ali Khan
Download or read book Bonded Labour in Pakistan written by Ali Khan and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of the Oxford in Pakistan Readings in Sociology and Social Anthropology series Bonded labour in Pakistan brings together, for the first time, a collection of essays addressing bonded labour across different agricultural and industrial sectors in Pakistan. With contributions from prominent experts on labour issues and human rights activism, field researchers and ethnographers, and a leading legal scholar, the collection is a multi-disciplinary engagement with bonded labour in Pakistan as it has evolved over the last two decades.
Download or read book Precarious Lives written by Lewis, Hannah and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking volume presents the first detailed look at forced labor among displaced migrants who are seeking refuge in the United Kingdom. Through a critical engagement with contemporary debates about sociolegal statuses, endangerment, and degrees of freedom and its lack, the book carefully details the link between asylum and forced labor and shows how they are both part of the larger picture of modern slavery brought about by globalization.
Book Synopsis Bonded Labour by : Sabine Damir-Geilsdorf
Download or read book Bonded Labour written by Sabine Damir-Geilsdorf and published by transcript Verlag. This book was released on 2016-12-31 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parallel to the abolition of Atlantic slavery, new forms of indentured labour stilled global capitalism's need for cheap, disposable labour. The famous 'coolie trade' - mainly Asian labourers transferred to French and British islands in the Indian Ocean, Australia, Indonesia, South Africa, the Caribbean, the Americas, as well as to Portuguese colonies in Africa - was one of the largest migration movements in global history. Indentured contract workers are perhaps the most revealing example of bonded labour in the grey area between the poles of chattel slavery and 'free' wage labour. This interdisciplinary volume addresses historically and regionally specific cases of bonded labour relations from the 18th century to sponsorship systems in the Arab Gulf States today.
Book Synopsis Fighting Forced Labour by : Patricía Trindade Maranhão Costa
Download or read book Fighting Forced Labour written by Patricía Trindade Maranhão Costa and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows how Brazil is leading the way for the rest of Latin America in fighting forced labour.
Book Synopsis Less Than Slaves by : Benjamin B. Ferencz
Download or read book Less Than Slaves written by Benjamin B. Ferencz and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a United States war crimes investigator during World War II, Benhamin B. Ferencz participated in the liberation of Nazi concentration camps. He returned to Germany after the war to help bring perpetrators of war crimes to justice and remained to direct restitution programs for Nazi victims. In Less Than Slaves, Ferencz describes the painstaking efforts that were made to persuade German industrial firms such as I. G. Farben, Krupp, AEG, Rheinmetall, and Daimler-Benz to compensate camp inmates who were exploited as forced laborers. The meager outcome of these efforts emerges from searing pages that detail the difficulties confronted by Ferencz and his dedicated colleagues. This engrossing narrative is a vital resource for all who are concerned with the moral, legal, and practical implications of the recent significant increase in the number of compensation claims by victims of persecution. First published in 1979, Ferencz's penetrating firsthand account returns to print with the author's evaluation of its historical significance and current relevance.
Author :International Labour Office Publisher :International Labour Organization ISBN 13 :9221153606 Total Pages :100 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (211 download)
Book Synopsis A Global Alliance Against Forced Labour by : International Labour Office
Download or read book A Global Alliance Against Forced Labour written by International Labour Office and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 2005 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is an account of contemporary forced labour to date. It provides the first global and regional estimates by an international organization of forced labour in the world today, including the number of people affected and how many of them are victims of trafficking, as well as of the profits made by the criminals exploiting trafficked workers.Based on these data, the report highlights the gravity of the problem of forced labour. From this data emerges three major categories of forced labour: forced labour imposed by the State for economic, political or other purposes, forced labour linked to poverty and discrimination and forced labour that arises from migration and trafficking of workers across the world, often associated with globalization.The report provides evidence that the abolition of forced labour represents a challenge for virtually every country in the world industrialized, transition and developing countries alike. It assesses experience at the national level in taking up this challenge, with particular emphasis on the importance of sound laws and policies and their rigorous enforcement, as well as effective prevention strategies. The report also reviews the actions against forced labour taken over the past four years by the ILO and its tripartite partners governments, employers and workers. It calls for a new global alliance to relegate forced labour to history.
Book Synopsis Bonded Labor and Serfdom by : Garance Genicot
Download or read book Bonded Labor and Serfdom written by Garance Genicot and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the oldest and most pervasive economic institutions are bonded labor and serfdom. While seemingly exploitative, both bonded labor and serfdom are often not imposed on the laborers but voluntarily chosen. It is generally the lack of suitable alternatives which makes workers opt for a life in servitude. This paper shows that the existence of these voluntary forms of servitude itself may restrain the laborers' opportunities so that they are left with no better alternative than bondage. Under these circumstances, government interventions banning servile institutions, by promoting the development of alternative options for the laborers, have the potential to substantially improve the condition of a large class of laborers.
Author :American Bar Association. House of Delegates Publisher :American Bar Association ISBN 13 :9781590318737 Total Pages :216 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (187 download)
Book Synopsis Model Rules of Professional Conduct by : American Bar Association. House of Delegates
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
