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Author : Xin Fan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (847 download)
Download or read book Investigation of the Effect of In-situ Catalyst on the Steam Hydrogasification of Biomass written by Xin Fan and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Fan Liang Chan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Catalytic Steam Gasification of Biomass Over Nickel Based Catalysts Via Reactive Flash Volatilisation written by Fan Liang Chan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomass gasification is a promising technology for delivering renewable energy. However, tar formation remains one of the main challenges. This research aims to develop in-situ nickel based catalysts for reactive flash volatilization (RFV) of biomass. RFV is a catalytic gasification process which uses high carbon space velocity and mass flow rate, with oxygen and steam as gasification agents, to produce tar free synthesis gas from non-volatile feedstock in a milliseconds residence time reactor. Ni, Pt-Ni, Ru-Ni, Re-Ni and Rh-Ni supported catalysts were investigated in this study.Effects of various operating parameters on the product selectivity (gas, tar and char) and syngas composition were evaluated. The operating parameters studied here include catalyst promoter, reaction temperature, carbon to oxygen feed ratio (C/O), carbon to steam feed ratio (C/S) and biomass ash content. Products were analysed using gas chromatography, total organic carbon (TOC) and CHNS/O analyses. Catalysts were characterised using Temperature Programmed Reduction, Temperature Programmed CO-Desorption, Transmission Electron Microscopy, nitrogen physisorption, X-ray Fluorescence and Powder X-ray Diffraction.Re-Ni, Rh-Ni and Ru-Ni, in that order, exhibited higher gasification efficiency in RFV of cellulose. This can be attributed to these catalysts' higher reducibility and active metal surface area, and better coke resistance. Highest gasification efficiency was achieved at 750°C with C/O of 0.6 and C/S of 1.0, without any oxygen breakthrough.Kinetics study using a wire-mesh isothermal thermogravimetric analyser was conducted to investigate the role of catalyst in RFV. Result was modelled using a pseudo first order reaction model. Three distinct regimes of rate of mass loss were identified: pyrolytic decomposition, reforming and char gasification. Catalysts increased the rate of mass loss in reforming regime and improved the quality of synthesis gas. Rate of pyrolytic decomposition of lignocellose was found to be limited by devolatilisation of crystalline cellulose.Gasification efficiencies of pinewood and eucalyptus sawdust were found to be higher than cellulose under similar reaction conditions. Higher gas selectivity and lower char selectivity during pinewood and eucalyptus sawdust RFV was a result of more amorphous structure of lignocellulose compared to microcrystalline cellulose, and the catalytic effects of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEM) found in the lignocellulose ash. The catalytic effects of AAEM further reduced the coke deposition on the Ni catalysts, making the effect of noble metal promoter on the Ni catalysts less significant. Future studies may reduce the loading of noble metal to make RFV more economical.
Author : Gilbert Associates
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Research and evaluation of biomass resources/conversion/utilization systems (market/experimental analysis for development data base for a fuels from biomass model). written by Gilbert Associates and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jens R. Rostrup-Nielsen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Steam Reforming Catalysts written by Jens R. Rostrup-Nielsen and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 662 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book 3rd Annual Biomass Energy Systems Conference Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 17 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)
Download or read book Conceptual Process Design and Techno-economic Assessment of Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ex situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass is a promising route for the production of fungible liquid biofuels. There is significant ongoing research on the design and development of catalysts for this process. However, there are a limited number of studies investigating process configurations and their effects on biorefinery economics. Herein we present a conceptual process design with techno-economic assessment; it includes the production of upgraded bio-oil via fixed bed ex situ catalytic fast pyrolysis followed by final hydroprocessing to hydrocarbon fuel blendstocks. This study builds upon previous work using fluidized bed systems, as detailed in a recent design report led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL/TP-5100-62455); overall yields are assumed to be similar, and are based on enabling future feasibility. Assuming similar yields provides a basis for easy comparison and for studying the impacts of areas of focus in this study, namely, fixed bed reactor configurations and their catalyst development requirements, and the impacts of an inline hot gas filter. A comparison with the fluidized bed system shows that there is potential for higher capital costs and lower catalyst costs in the fixed bed system, leading to comparable overall costs. The key catalyst requirement is to enable the effective transformation of highly oxygenated biomass into hydrocarbons products with properties suitable for blending into current fuels. Potential catalyst materials are discussed, along with their suitability for deoxygenation, hydrogenation and C-C coupling chemistry. This chemistry is necessary during pyrolysis vapor upgrading for improved bio-oil quality, which enables efficient downstream hydroprocessing; C-C coupling helps increase the proportion of diesel/jet fuel range product. One potential benefit of fixed bed upgrading over fluidized bed upgrading is catalyst flexibility, providing greater control over chemistry and product composition. Since this study is based on future projections, the impacts of uncertainties in the underlying assumptions are quantified via sensitivity analysis. As a result, this analysis indicates that catalyst researchers should prioritize by: carbon efficiency> catalyst cost> catalyst lifetime, after initially testing for basic operational feasibility.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (927 download)
Download or read book Formation Mechanism of Char and Coke in Biomass Catalytic Pyrolysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Biomass Ex-Situ CFP Catalyst Design: A Mo2C Case Study to Evaluate if Trends in Model Compound Reactivity Translate to Real Biomass Feeds written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pyrolysis of biomass generates hundreds of molecules with different functional groups; water, char and inorganics are also produced. In general, new catalysts are evaluated with single model compounds.
Author : Janet R. Pullen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book Catalytic Coal Gasification written by Janet R. Pullen and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1368 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ibrahim Dincer
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323851894
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)
Download or read book Renewable Hydrogen Production written by Ibrahim Dincer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-27 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable Hydrogen Production provides a comprehensive analysis of renewable energy-based hydrogen production. Through simulation analysis and experimental investigations, the book provides fundamentals, compares existing hydrogen production applications, discusses novel technologies, and offers insights into the future directions of this rapidly evolving industry. This all-in-one resource on how to produce clean hydrogen production to enhance energy efficiency and support sustainable development will appeal to a wide variety of industries and professionals. Addresses the production of clean hydrogen from the major sources of renewable energy, including wind, solar, geothermal, hydro, biomass and marine energy Presents information from simulations and experimental analyses Offers insights into the future of renewable hydrogen production
Author : Francesco Frusteri
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1788014782
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Sustainable Catalysis for Biorefineries written by Francesco Frusteri and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biorefineries are becoming increasingly important in providing sustainable routes for chemical industry processes. The establishment of bio-economic models, based on biorefineries for the creation of innovative products with high added value, such as biochemicals and bioplastics, allows the development of “green chemistry” methods in synergy with traditional chemistry. This reduces the heavy dependence on imports and assists the development of economically and environmentally sustainable production processes, that accommodate the huge investments, research and innovation efforts. This book explores the most effective or promising catalytic processes for the conversion of biobased components into high added value products, as platform chemicals and intermediates. With a focus on heterogeneous catalysis, this book is ideal for researchers working in catalysis and in green chemistry.
Author : Thalita Peixoto Basso
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 183881180X
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (388 download)
Download or read book Biotechnological Applications of Biomass written by Thalita Peixoto Basso and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-08-18 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnological Applications of Biomass provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art of biomass utilization in agriculture and pharmaceuticals. The information contained herein is useful to researchers and other readers interested in biomass utilization and production of bioproducts.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 708 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 012822634X
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)
Download or read book Advances in Bioenergy and Microfluidic Applications written by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-02-02 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since fossil fuels suffer from dangerous side effects for the environment and their resources are limited, bioenergy attracted many attentions in various aspects as an alternative solution. Therefore, increasing number of researches are conducted every year and the processes updated frequently to make them more economic and industrially beneficial. Advances in Bioenergy and Microfluidic Applications reviews recent developments in this field and covers various advanced bio-applications, which rarely are reviewed elsewhere. The chapters are started from converting biomass to valuable products and continues with applications of biomass in water-treatment, novel sorbents and membranes, refineries, microfluidic devices and etc. The book covers various routes for gaining bioenergy from biomass. Their composition, carbon contents, heat production capacities and other important factors are reviewed in details in different chapters. Then, the processes for upgrading them directly and indirectly (using metabolic engineering and ultrasonic devices) to various fuels are explained. Each process is reviewed both technically and economically and the product analysis is given. Besides, the effect of various catalysts on increasing selectivity and productivity are taken into account. Biofuels are compared with fossil fuels and challenges in the way of bioenergy production are explained. Moreover, advanced bio-applications in membranes, adsorption, waste water treatment, microfluidic devices and etc. are introduced. This book provides a good insight about such bioprocesses and microfluidics devices for researchers, students, professors and related departments and industries that care about energy resources and curious about recent advances in related methods and technologies. Despite other books which review biomass chemistry and conversion, the current book emphasize on the application of biomass in the mentioned areas. Therefore, one can gain a better and more comprehensive insight by reading the book. Describes energy production from biomass, biomass conversion, their advantages and limitations Describes the application of biomass in membranes, sorbents, water-treatment, refineries, and microfluidic devices Offers a future outlook of bioenergy production and possibility to apply in the industries
Author : Prabir Basu
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080961622
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Biomass Gasification and Pyrolysis written by Prabir Basu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-19 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers comprehensive coverage of the design, analysis, and operational aspects of biomass gasification, the key technology enabling the production of biofuels from all viable sources--some examples being sugar cane and switchgrass. This versatile resource not only explains the basic principles of energy conversion systems, but also provides valuable insight into the design of biomass gasifiers. The author provides many worked out design problems, step-by-step design procedures and real data on commercially operating systems. After fossil fuels, biomass is the most widely used fuel in the world. Biomass resources show a considerable potential in the long term if residues are properly handled and dedicated energy crops are grown. Includes step-by-step design procedures and case studies for Biomass GasificationProvides worked process flow diagrams for gasifier design. Covers integration with other technologies (e.g. gas turbine, engine, fuel cells)
Author : Ayhan Demirbas
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1848820119
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (488 download)
Download or read book Biofuels written by Ayhan Demirbas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-14 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuel is a renewable energy source produced from natural materials. The benefits of biofuels over traditional petroleum fuels include greater energy security, reduced environmental impact, foreign exchange savings, and socioeconomic issues related to the rural sector. The most common biofuels are produced from classic food crops that require high-quality agricultural land for growth. However, bioethanol can be produced from plentiful, domestic, cellulosic biomass resources such as herbaceous and woody plants, agricultural and forestry residues, and a large portion of municipal and industrial solid waste streams. There is also a growing interest in the use of vegetable oils for making biodiesel. “Biofuels: Securing the Planet’s Future Energy Needs” discusses the production of transportation fuels from biomass (such as wood, straw and even household waste) by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The book is an important text for students and researchers in energy engineering, as well as professional fuel engineers.
