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Investigation Of In Season Progression Of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus And Its Management In Flue Cured Tobacco Fields Of North Carolina
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Book Synopsis Investigation of in Season Progression of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Its Management in Flue-cured Tobacco Fields of North Carolina by : Kathryn Renee Cherry
Download or read book Investigation of in Season Progression of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Its Management in Flue-cured Tobacco Fields of North Carolina written by Kathryn Renee Cherry and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: temporal distribution, spatial distribution, thrips, tobacco, Tomato spotted wilt virus.
Book Synopsis Investigation of In Season Progression of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Its Management in Flue-cured Tobacco Fields of North Carolina by :
Download or read book Investigation of In Season Progression of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Its Management in Flue-cured Tobacco Fields of North Carolina written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tomato spotted wilt virus continues to be a serious problem on tobacco production in the southeast United States. The current control recommendation calls for acibenzolar-S-methyl, which is known by growers in North Carolina to have unacceptable phytotoxicity. In an attempt to reduce the amount of phytotoxicity while retaining similar levels of control as the current recommendation, on-farm tests were conducted in North Carolina to refine the application rate, timing and method of acibenzolar-S-methyl application, with or without an insecticide. The lowest disease incidence and highest phytotoxicity were recorded in treatments consisting of greenhouse drench applications of imidacloprid or thiamethoxam and acibenzolar-S-methyl, as compared to the untreated control. TSW severity and temporal progress results suggest that certain treatments delay the onset of symptoms. Furthermore, supplementary greenhouse experiments showed that timing the clipping relative to the timing of applications of the aforementioned chemicals had no effect on phytotoxicity. Both the order in which the chemicals were applied and applying the second chemical at varying times relative to the first had no consistent effect upon the phytotoxicity measured in the field. Overall, applying acibenzolar-S-methyl with an insecticide in the greenhouse provided the best control among the treatments tested. The temporal and spatial distribution of Tomato spotted wilt (TSW) was studied in a total of 25 naturally infested fields in 2006, 2007, and 2008. Sections within the fields were monitored that ranged in size from 76 x 11 meters to 137 x 10 meters. TSW incidence was measured on a weekly basis. TSW temporal progression data was fit to a logistic regression model with cumulative degree days and past TSW field history as explanatory variables. Analyses revealed that both variables are significant explanatory factors of the temporal progression of TSW on tobacco. Cooling degree-days were calculated with fo.
Book Synopsis Insect Management in Burley Tobacco in Non-traditional Areas of North Carolina by :
Download or read book Insect Management in Burley Tobacco in Non-traditional Areas of North Carolina written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the end of tobacco price supports in 2004, tobacco growers in eastern North Carolina have been investigating new agricultural enterprises, including burley tobacco. It is unknown if the pests and diseases common to flue-cured tobacco will be equally problematic for burley tobacco growers in eastern North Carolina. Research was conducted to determine the insect and disease pressures on burley tobacco. Studies were conducted over a two year period at the Central Crops Research Station, the Lower Coastal Plains Research Station, North Carolina State University greenhouses, and in commercial tobacco fields in eastern North Carolina counties. Incidence of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), an economically important plant virus transmitted by thrips, was examined. Surveys of commercial burley tobacco fields revealed higher TSWV incidence in burley tobacco compared to flue-cured tobacco. Results from field studies also showed TSWV incidence was higher in burley tobacco compared to flue-cured tobacco under several agronomic conditions. Tobacco plants treated with imidacloprid had lower TSWV incidence than those plants left untreated. Tobacco plants transplanted temporally near major thrips flights had higher TSWV incidence than those transplanted to avoid major thrips flights. In the greenhouse, mechanically inoculated burley tobacco generally had the highest rate of TSWV infection; infection rates decreased as plant age increased. Colored adhesive traps were used to determine the attraction of thrips to varying colors of burley, flue-cured and Maryland tobaccos. Color is most likely only a minor contributing factor to higher TSWV incidence in burley tobacco. The presence of Heliothis virescens, the hornworm complex (composed of Manduca sexta and Manduca quinquemaculata), and Epitrix hirtipennis in burley and flue-cured tobaccos was compared. H. virescens showed preference for flue-cured tobacco over burley tobacco; hornworm complex larvae and E. hirtipennis showed no.
Book Synopsis Flue-Cured Tobacco by : DIANE Publishing Company
Download or read book Flue-Cured Tobacco written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994-09 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers: tobacco situation and outlook; North Carolina Farm Labor Regulations; protecting water quality and reducing pesticide exposure; variety information; transplant production; fertilization; weed management; topping and sucker control; use of yellowing chemicals; disease management; insect management; sustainable agriculture; integrated pest management, and much more. Illustrated.
Book Synopsis Population Genetic Analysis of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) on Peanut in North Carolina and Virginia by :
Download or read book Population Genetic Analysis of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) on Peanut in North Carolina and Virginia written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the genetic diversity and evolutionary history of plant viruses is critical to understanding their ecology and epidemiology. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is an ambisense RNA virus that infects over 1000 species of plants and has been shown to reassort its genome. To further investigate this virus, maximum-likelihood and population genetics-based methods were used to investigate the population structure, genetic diversity, and sources of genetic variation in field isolates of TSWV from peanut in North Carolina and Virginia. Selected regions of the nucleocapsid, movement, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase genes were amplified and sequenced to identify haplotypes and infer genetic relationships between isolates of TSWV with heuristic methods. The haplotype structure of each locus consisted of one or two predominant haplotypes and more than 100 haplotypes represented by a single isolate. No specific haplotypes or clades were associated with geographic area, peanut cultivar or year. The population was panmictic at the regional level and high levels of genetic diversity were observed among isolates. There was evidence for negative selection acting upon each locus and maximum-likelihood analyses indicated that exponential growth was occurring in the population. The results of compatibility analyses and the persistence of specific gene sequences in isolates collected over three field seasons suggest that recombination was occurring in the population. Phylogenetic analysis supports that each locus has an independent evolutionary history. Also, high diversity in viruses has been attributed to the occurrence of recombination and mutation To investigate recombination in TSWV, matrix compatibility and ancestral recombination methods were used to detect, quantify, and reconstruct the history of recombination in three genes of TSWV in isolates collected from three cultivars of peanut (Gregory, NC12C, and Perry) sampled in multiple years. Site commonalities among the i.
Book Synopsis Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) in North Carolina by : Alana Lynn Jacobson
Download or read book Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) in North Carolina written by Alana Lynn Jacobson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seasonal Occurrence and Epidemiology of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Frankliniella Fusca (Hinds) (Thysanoptera: Thiripidae) with Emphasis on 3 Peanut Genotypes in North Carolina by :
Download or read book Seasonal Occurrence and Epidemiology of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Frankliniella Fusca (Hinds) (Thysanoptera: Thiripidae) with Emphasis on 3 Peanut Genotypes in North Carolina written by and published by . This book was released on 1904 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the research has been to further the understanding of the seasonal occurrence of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and the insect vector, Frankliniella fusca, in relation to North Carolina peanut production. Emphasis was placed on 3 Virginia-type peanut genotypes, NC-9, NC-V11, and NC-12C, which were included in field and greenhouse experiments to determine relative disease and thrips levels and their interactions. These are components of a larger strategic goal to develop management strategies that can minimize future impacts of TSWV and be compatible with peanut production in North Carolina. Research was conducted to determine the winter, spring, and summer occurrence of F. fusca in NC peanut fields. Thrips movement in spring was significantly influenced by prevailing wind direction. No thrips were collected on sticky traps during days when maximum temperature did not exceed 18.7 C.F. fusca, caged with TSWV infected peanut plants in August, 1996 and sampled in March, 1997, were analyzed for the presence of TSWV by ELISA. A single thrips tested positive for the virus. In another experiment, three Virginia-type peanut genotypes were monitored for the incidence of TSWV symptoms and the presence of F. fusca at 3 locations in NC's peanut producing area. Overall disease incidence at the 3 locations was 6%. Of the genotypes, NC-9 ranked the highest in disease incidence (7%), followed by the genotypes NC-12C (6%), and NC-V11 (5%). F. fusca counts were greatest on NC-V11, followed by NC-9 and NC-12C. A comparison of the survival and reproductive success of F. fusca on TSWV infected and uninfected plants of the 3 genotypes was conducted under greenhouse conditions in NC. Effects of genotype and virus by genotype interaction were not significant. However, TSWV infected plants had significantly fewer adult and larval F. fusca than did uninfected plants.
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Distribution of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) in Relation to Wild Weedy Hosts and Susceptible Crops Over a Large Agricultural Landscape by :
Download or read book Distribution of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) in Relation to Wild Weedy Hosts and Susceptible Crops Over a Large Agricultural Landscape written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is an important agronomic and horticultural pest in NC and other parts of the world. Many have speculated that management of weedy species that host the virus may aid in decreasing TSWV occurrence on a farm. In May of 2003 and 2004, weedy species were sampled around six fields, two fields per replication, at the Center for Environmental Farming Systems (CEFS) in Goldsboro, NC, using a 15 m x 15 m grid to map the overwintering pattern of TSWV on the farm. Weeds were tested for TSWV infection and weed density ratings were assigned in each grid cell. Indicator plants (tomato and peanut) were used to map TSWV occurrence within the fields. Thrips movement was monitored with sticky traps to reveal spatial patterns of movement across the farm and, along with indictor plants, were evaluated biweekly through the summers of 2003 and 2004 to monitor temporal movement/occurrence. Plots were located at field edges and in field centers to detect the differences between trivial movement of infected thrips and movement up to 60 m from bordering weedy hosts. TSWV occurrence was equally likely to be found in the center versus the edge plots, revealing that complete eradication of host species up to 60 m from a field may not aid in decreasing TSWV in a field. TSWV occurrence in and around the three replications that were spread across the farm revealed an effect of replication in 2003 when more virus was found in the southern-most replication. Ranunculus sardous (hairy buttercup) tested positive most often compared to all other weed species tested and was also found in the highest density surrounding the southern-most replication.
Book Synopsis Studies of the Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus by : Charles Milton Wright
Download or read book Studies of the Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus written by Charles Milton Wright and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tobacco Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2001-07 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transgenic Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Tobacco Lines Transformed with the Nucleocapsid Gene of the Virus by : Sonia Herrero
Download or read book Transgenic Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Tobacco Lines Transformed with the Nucleocapsid Gene of the Virus written by Sonia Herrero and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Integrated Pest Management by : Dharam P Abrol
Download or read book Integrated Pest Management written by Dharam P Abrol and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-08-28 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated Pest Management: Current Concepts and Ecological Perspective presents an overview of alternative measures to traditional pest management practices using biological control and biotechnology. The removal of some highly effective broad-spectrum chemicals, caused by concerns over environmental health and public safety, has resulted in the development of alternative, reduced risk crop protection products. These products, less toxic to the environment and easily integrated into biological control systems, target specific life stages or pest species. Predation — recognized as a suitable, long-term strategy — effectively suppresses pests in biotechnological control systems. Integrated Pest Management covers these topics and more. It explores the current ecological approaches in alternative solutions, such as biological control agents, parasites and predators, pathogenic microorganisms, pheromones and natural products as well as ecological approaches for managing invasive pests, rats, suppression of weeds, safety of pollinators, role of taxonomy and remote sensing in IPM and future projections of IPM. This book is a useful resource to entomologists, agronomists, horticulturists, and environmental scientists. Fills a gap in the literature by providing critical analysis of different management strategies that have a bearing on agriculture, sustainability and environmental protection Synthesizes research and practice on integrated pest management Emphasizes an overview of management strategies, with critical evaluation of each in the larger context of ecologically based pest management
Book Synopsis Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Acquisition by Thrips by : Anna E. Whitfield
Download or read book Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Acquisition by Thrips written by Anna E. Whitfield and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus by : John A. Griesbach
Download or read book The Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus written by John A. Griesbach and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) by : Andy Clark
Download or read book Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) written by Andy Clark and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.
