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Investigation Of High Density Polyethylene Pipe For Highway Applications
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Book Synopsis Investigation of High Density Polyethylene Pipe for Highway Applications by : Brett Eric Conard
Download or read book Investigation of High Density Polyethylene Pipe for Highway Applications written by Brett Eric Conard and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This knowledge base will allow the IDOT to revise current specifications for the use of high density polyethylene pipe for shallow fill conditions. Testing included laboratory tests to evaluate polyethylene pipe response at elevated temperatures and field tests on polyethylene pipes to determine the response of various soilstructure systems to surface live loads.
Book Synopsis Investigation of High Density Polyethylene Pipe for Highway Applications by :
Download or read book Investigation of High Density Polyethylene Pipe for Highway Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, culvert pipes were made only of corrugated metal or reinforced concrete. In recent years, several manufacturers have made pipe of lightweight plastic - for example, high density polyethylene (HDPE) - which is considered to be viscoelastic in its structural behavior. It appears that there are several highway applications in which HDPE pipe would be an economically favorable alternative. However, the newness of plastic pipe requires the evaluation of its performance, integrity, and durability; A review of the Iowa Department of Transportation Standard Specifications for Highway and Bridge Construction reveals limited information on the use of plastic pipe for state projects. The objective of this study was to review and evaluate the use of HDPE pipe in roadway applications. Structural performance, soil-structure interaction, and the sensitivity of the pipe to installation was investigated. Comprehensive computerized literature searches were undertaken to define the state of-the-art in the design and use of HDPE pipe in highway applications. A questionnaire was developed and sent to all Iowa county engineers to learn of their use of HDPE pipe. Responses indicated that the majority of county engineers were aware of the product but were not confident in its ability to perform as well as conventional materials. Counties currently using HDPE pipe in general only use it in driveway crossings. Originally, we intended to survey states as to their usage of HDPE pipe. However, a few weeks after initiation of the project, it was learned that the Tennessee DOT was in the process of making a similar survey of state DOT's. Results of the Tennessee survey of states have been obtained and included in this report. In an effort to develop more confidence in the pipe's performance parameters, this research included laboratory tests to determine the ring and flexural stiffness of HDPE pipe provided by various manufacturers. Parallel plate tests verified all specimens were in compliance with ASTM specifications. Flexural testing revealed that pipe profile had a significant effect on the longitudinal stiffness and that strength could not be accurately predicted on the basis of diameter alone. Realizing that the soil around a buried HDPE pipe contributes to the pipe stiffness, the research team completed a limited series of tests on buried 3 ft-diameter HDPE pipe. The tests simulated the effects of truck wheel loads above the pipe and were conducted with two feet of cover. These tests indicated that the type and quality of backfill significantly influences the performance of HDPE pipe. The tests revealed that the soil envelope does significantly affect the performance of HDPE pipe in situ, and after a certain point, no additional strength is realized by increasing the quality of the backfill.
Book Synopsis Field Tests and Analyses of High Density Polyethylene Pipes for Highway Application by : Kam Weng Ng
Download or read book Field Tests and Analyses of High Density Polyethylene Pipes for Highway Application written by Kam Weng Ng and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The findings from the field tests in Phase I and this phase will provide data for improvement of Iowa DOT specifications for HDPE pipe and its backfill condition. Field studies of Phase I conducted on 36-in. (915-mm) diameter HDPE pipes from Manufacturer C with four backfills were used for an assessment of the influence of the soil envelope on pipes' performance in this thesis. Furthermore, full scale field tests were conducted in this phase on 36-in. (915-mm) pipe from Manufacturer A with four additional backfill materials. The testing program used in this phase is similar to Phase I.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Plastic Pipes for Highway Applications by : Robert A. Lohnes
Download or read book Investigation of Plastic Pipes for Highway Applications written by Robert A. Lohnes and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is generally accepted that high density polyethylene pipe (HDPE) performs well under live loads with shallow cover, provided the backfill is well compacted. Although industry standards require carefully compacted backfill, poor inspection and/or faulty construction may result in soils that provide inadequate restraint at the springlines of the pipes thereby causing failure. The objectives of this study were: 1) to experimentally define a lower limit of compaction under which the pipes perform satisfactorily, 2) to quantify the increase in soil support as compaction effort increases, 3) to evaluate pipe response for loads applied near the ends of the buried pipes, 4) to determine minimum depths of cover for a variety of pipes and soil conditions by analytically expanding the experimental results through the use of the finite element program CANDE.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of High-density Polyethylene Pipe by : David B. Woodham
Download or read book Evaluation of High-density Polyethylene Pipe written by David B. Woodham and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Six high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes were installed as rundowns in the Summer of 1985 on Interstate 70 west of Denver. The HDPE pipes were able to handle the corrosive and abrasive runoff and eliminated the need for heavy equipment during placement on the steep fill slopes. No problems were observed with the use of these pipes during four and one-half years of monitoring.
Download or read book HDPE Pipe written by Yick Grace Hsuan and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1999 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pipe by : Anselem H. Rumpca
Download or read book Evaluation of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pipe written by Anselem H. Rumpca and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the findings and recommendations on the evaluation of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pipe resulting from a 1996 Transportation Enhancement/Hazard Elimination Project in Martin, South Dakota. This was the first project where HDPE pipe was allowed to be installed under a state highway in South Dakota. Department researchers installed instrumentation and conducted deflection testing on a 760 mm (30 in) HDPE pipe installed under US Highway 18 in Martin, South Dakota. A horizontal inclinometer probe was used to determine vertical heave or settlement. Surface profiles were monitored with a Dipstick® Floor Profiler. Thirteen separate sets of measurements were taken between August 1996 and June 1997. Costs were determined for installation and delivery of both HDPE pipes and reinforced concrete pipes (RCP). Neighboring states were surveyed to determine their costs for storm sewer pipes as well as specifications for installing HDPE pipes. Recommendations were made to allow the installation of HDPE pipe based on information received from the state survey, literature reviews, and the results of the Martin, South Dakota Project.
Book Synopsis High Density Polyethylene Pipe in Highway Applications by : Brent Matthew Phares
Download or read book High Density Polyethylene Pipe in Highway Applications written by Brent Matthew Phares and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Investigation of the Behavior of Buried High-density Polyethylene Pipe by : Richard D. Lee
Download or read book An Investigation of the Behavior of Buried High-density Polyethylene Pipe written by Richard D. Lee and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polyethylene Pipes for Use as Highway Culverts by : Thomas R. Hunt
Download or read book Polyethylene Pipes for Use as Highway Culverts written by Thomas R. Hunt and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) installation of polyethylene pipes for culvert use was in 1988, on SH 50, north of Olathe. Five to ten feet of well compacted in-situ material was used as backfill. No obvious deflections occurred in the pipe during or after construction, or as a result of in-service live loads. After three years of service, the pipes have not cracked, melted, or worn, and are in good overall condition. One culvert, however, burned for about ten feet into one end as a result of the ignition of sawdust that had collected in it from a nearby sawmill. This section of pipe was replaced. A literature search found that with proper backfill, loads of 100 ft of fill could safely be supported. Some pipes, however, were reported to have deformed excessively even with small loads. These were for the most part 12 in. and 15 in. diameter pipes that had a thinner wall, and were not well supported. The main advantages of polyethylene pipes are: light weight, easier installation, corrosion resistance, and relatively good aesthetic qualities. Plastic pipe is a current option for use in the 1991 Colorado Standard Specifications. In most cases it will be left up to the contractor to determine which pipe material to use to meet the specifications for each particular project. Adequate wall thicknesses and corrugations should be specified. Only Class 1 or better material, compacted in thin lifts to 95% maximum density, should be used. Extra care should be taken to compact under the haunches. With care, fills of at least 50 ft are possible.
Book Synopsis Performace Comparison of High Desity Polyethylene Pipe (HDPE) in Municipal Water Applications by : Chandan Venkatesh
Download or read book Performace Comparison of High Desity Polyethylene Pipe (HDPE) in Municipal Water Applications written by Chandan Venkatesh and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current and forecasted major challenge faced by water utilities is delivering potable water efficiently with minimum loss to end users. Water pipe failure has negative impact not only local communities but also on the nation's economy. The American Water Works Association (AWWA) has estimated that it will cost over $250 billion to replace and renew the nation's water pipes over the next 20 years. According to the 2009 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Report Card, seven billion gallons of water are lost in this country every day! Every pipe has unique properties with advantages and limitations. During a pipe's life cycle, failures occur due to numerous factors such as age, loading conditions, environmental conditions, installation quality, manufacturing procedures, operation and maintenance strategies and so on. The very limited information on High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipes created the need for this research. This thesis is a preliminary step towards understanding the HDPE pipe performance for lower and larger pipe size diameters. To achieve the objectives of this research, a nationwide survey was carried out. For the respondent utilities, the average annual failure rate for the smaller diameter pipe is 0.5 per 100 miles. Most frequent causes of failures occurring in small diameter pipes were due to joint failure. Due to lack of enough large diameter HDPE pipe respondents, the results were not conclusive.
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of the Behavior of the Steel Reinforced High Density Polyethylene and Corrugated Metal Pipe by : Safa Sadat Masajedian
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of the Behavior of the Steel Reinforced High Density Polyethylene and Corrugated Metal Pipe written by Safa Sadat Masajedian and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Steel reinforced high density polyethylene pipes are gaining popularity these days because of their good performance and advantages of them in comparison to the other pipe materials. By inverting the steel ribs vertically in to the HDPE materials, strength of steel and flexibility and light weight of HDPE materials have been combined. However due the limited study in this area, the failure modes and design parameters are not classified. This study investigates the behavior and failure modes of SR-HDPE pipes under the simulated soil load and compares the results with the data obtained from the test on corrugated metal pipe under the identical test scenario. Full-scale experimental tests were conducted with soil boxes in order to determine if the steel ribs in SR-HDPE act continuously throughout the pipe structure. Local and global deformations of the pipe were monitored with displacement transducers and strain gauges, respectively. Strain gauges were placed at two sections of the pipe. Each section contained six strain gauges at the crown, springline, and invert. Displacement transducers were installed in two sections along the pipe (middle and 12 in.(31 cm) from the end). Each section was capable of monitoring the vertical deflection and the horizontal deflection was measured at mid section. The load was applied through a hydraulic cylinder, and a rigid concrete slab. The data from these sensors were recorded and reported to identify the response of the pipes with regard to strength and serviceability. Three different pipe sizes (24 in. (61 cm), 36 in. (91 cm), and 48 in. (122 cm)) were tested in this situation and three different concrete slabs were cast whose dimensions were fixed by the pipe length which was 4 ft. (122 cm) and pipe and its width varied based on internal diameter. The results showed that the CMP pipe has higher stiffness and load carrying capacity. Also CMP exhibited more ductility before the failure. The governing failure mode of the SRHDPE pipe tested was lateral buckling of the ribs along the horizontal axis of the pipe at crown and springlines. This was due to the premature buckling of the HDPE material supporting the steel ribs, thus, causing discontinuous steel action. This study shows that the behavior of the SR-HDPE is different than the CMP pipe. By inspecting the pipe after reloading and removing from the soil box, three failure lines (crease) for 24 in. (61 cm) SR-HDPE and four failure lines for 36 in. (91 cm), and 48 in. (122 cm) SR-HDPE which is explained by the higher hoop capacity of the 24 in. (61 cm) SR-HDPE pipe in comparison with other pipe sizes. However CMP pipes exhibited a continuous hoop type buckling and smooth plastic hinge.
Book Synopsis Field Performance of Corrugated Pipe Manufactured with Recycled Polyethylene Content by : Michael Pluimer
Download or read book Field Performance of Corrugated Pipe Manufactured with Recycled Polyethylene Content written by Michael Pluimer and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Research Report 870: Field Performance of Corrugated Pipe Manufactured with Recycled Polyethylene Content explores the use of corrugated high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe manufactured with recycled content and proposes guidelines for manufacturing these pipes to ensure they meet the service life requirements for the given application. This project expounded on the research published in NCHRP Report 696. The research consisted of manufacturing several large diameter corrugated HDPE pipes out of various blends of virgin and post-consumer recycled (PCR) materials commonly used in land drainage applications and evaluating these pipes in the field and laboratory to determine their service life in typical installed conditions. PCR materials were the focus of this project as they are more readily available and typically used in the corrugated HDPE pipe industry than post industrial recycled materials. However, the research is applicable to both types. -- cc. http://www.trb.org/main/blurbs/176741.aspx.
Book Synopsis Axial Response of HDPE Pipes as a Result of Installation by Directional Drilling by : Ian D. Moore
Download or read book Axial Response of HDPE Pipes as a Result of Installation by Directional Drilling written by Ian D. Moore and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Axial stresses and strains develop in high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes during installation by directional drilling. This paper examines the engineering design implications regarding these axial stresses resulting from three recent studies. First, the cyclic axial response of the leading end of a HDPE pipe is measured for the cyclic pulling force history experienced as it is pulled into place. Pulling force history measured in the field is approximated and used to measure the response of pipe samples. The study includes evaluation of simple creep modeling to estimate the axial strains, demonstrating that these provide useful, conservative estimates of maximum axial strain. Second, the development of axial tension in the leading section of the HDPE pipe after connection to appurtenances is modeled in the laboratory. It is demonstrated that the conventional 24 h time period over which the pipe is left to recover in length after installation ensures that the axial tensions that redevelop are at low levels. A calculation procedure is introduced to determine the axial force distribution along the pipe during installation and over its service life. Pulling force modeling similar to that outlined in ASTM 1962-05 is extended to consider the effects of pipe and soil deformations, so that cyclic response during installation and axial stress history after installation are determined. The study demonstrates that values of from one quarter to one third of the maximum pulling force can be used to estimate the long term axial stress in the pipe over a 50 year service life (for assessment of potential for slow crack growth). Strain measurements in the laboratory simulation of pipe installation and strain calculations for computed response over the service life of the pipe are found to be estimated effectively using time-dependent creep (secant) modulus for the HDPE.
Book Synopsis Experimental Study of Stress Cracking in High Density Polyethylene Pipes by : Jingyu Zhang
Download or read book Experimental Study of Stress Cracking in High Density Polyethylene Pipes written by Jingyu Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Investigation of Durability and Reliability of HDPE Pipe for Large Diameter Water Transmission Applications by : Divyashree
Download or read book An Investigation of Durability and Reliability of HDPE Pipe for Large Diameter Water Transmission Applications written by Divyashree and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The drinking water infrastructure in the North America requires a durable and reliable water transmission pipe material. Thus, it is important to study pipe performance, so that water utilities can benefit from cost-effective and efficient pipe installations and longer design life. All pipe materials deteriorate overtime and every pipe has unique properties with advantages and limitations. During a pipe's life cycle, failures occur due to numerous factors such as age, loading conditions, environmental conditions, installation quality, manufacturing procedures, operation and maintenance strategies and so on. This research focuses on reliability and durability of large diameter (16 in. and larger) high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe and specifically its fatigue performance under cyclic loading, since limited information is available on resistance of this pipe under transient pressures. To conduct this research, in addition to a comprehensive literature search, a national survey of water utilities in the North America was performed. Additionally a testing concept was developed to determine the performance of a HDPE pipe sample with recurring surges for two million cycles. This specimen was subjected to a pressure of 1.5 times Pressure Class (PC) for a 16-in., 15-ft long, DR 17, 4710 HDPE pipe with a fused joint in the middle. The results of this investigation showed that at this time, few water utilities use large diameter HDPE pipe. Those that use large diameter HDPE, majority are satisfied with the pipe performance; however, they had some concerns regarding joints and fittings as described in this thesis. Also, some utilities did not differentiate between 4710 HDPE pipe tested in this research, and older products such as 3408 and 3608. The results of testing showed that the pipe sample described above was able to withstand the 2 M cyclic loadings between 125 psi and 188 psi (1.5 times its pressure class).
Book Synopsis Evaluation and Performance of HDPE Pipes Under CDOT Highways, T-REX, and Other Locations by : Albert Molinas
Download or read book Evaluation and Performance of HDPE Pipes Under CDOT Highways, T-REX, and Other Locations written by Albert Molinas and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HDPE pipes used in CDOT drainage systems are expected to have a 50-year design life. During the T-Rex project in 2003 a number of HDPE pipes were installed with shallow cover. Later, the majority of these pipes had to be removed and replaced after they were damaged by construction equipment driving over installed pipes, and excavations occurring near installed pipes. In this study, performance of HDPE pipes under CDOT highways was evaluated by: an extensive literature review; field studies utilizing manual inspection, CCTV video inspection, and laser-ring profiling technology; and, by observing a CDOT HDPE pipe installation project.
