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Investigation Of Aerosol Optical And Chemical Properties Using Humidity Controlled Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy
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Book Synopsis Investigation of Aerosol Optical and Chemical Properties Using Humidity Controlled Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy by :
Download or read book Investigation of Aerosol Optical and Chemical Properties Using Humidity Controlled Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists have been observing a change in the climate since the beginning of the 20th century that cannot be attributed to any of the natural influences of the past. Natural and anthropogenic substances and processes perturb the Earth's energy budget, contributing to climate change. In particular, aerosols (particles suspended in air) have long been recognized to be important in processes throughout the atmosphere that affect climate. They directly influence the radiative balance of the Earth's atmosphere, affect cloud formation and properties, and are also key air pollutants that contribute to a variety of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Despite their importance, aerosol particles are less well-characterized than greenhouse gases with respect to their sources, temporal and spatial concentration distribution, and physical and chemical properties. This uncertainty is mainly caused by the variable and insufficiently understood sources, formation and transformation processes, and complex composition of atmospheric particles. Instruments that can precisely and accurately measure and characterize the aerosol physical and chemical properties are in great demand. Atmospheric relative humidity (RH) has a crucial impact on the particles' optical properties; the RH dependence of the particle extinction coefficient is an important parameter for radiative forcing and thus climate change modeling. In this work a Humidity-Controlled Cavity Ring-Down (HC-CRD) aerosol optical instrument is described and its ability to measure RH dependent extinction coefficients and related hygroscopicity parameters is characterized.
Book Synopsis Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy and the Retrieval of Aerosol Optical Properties from Biomass Burning During Flame2 by : Laura E. Mack
Download or read book Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy and the Retrieval of Aerosol Optical Properties from Biomass Burning During Flame2 written by Laura E. Mack and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Chamber Study of Atmospheric Chemistry and Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation Using Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy by : Yingdi Liu
Download or read book Environmental Chamber Study of Atmospheric Chemistry and Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation Using Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy written by Yingdi Liu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is only a part of my research work. For more information about my other work, including cavity ring down spectroscopy studies for peroxy radical, aerosol optical extinction, transparent thin and time of flight mass spectrometry studies for the initial steps of ozone and alkenes reaactions, please refer to my PhD thesis in Chemistry department, UC-Riverside.
Book Synopsis Morphology Dependent Optical Properties of Mixed Organic/Inorganic Aerosol Particles by : Kristin Di Monte
Download or read book Morphology Dependent Optical Properties of Mixed Organic/Inorganic Aerosol Particles written by Kristin Di Monte and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Light extinction by atmospheric aerosol particles and their interactions with water are heavily dependent on their chemical composition, morphology, and mixing state. Both properties are crucial for determining the impact aerosol particles have on our climate. Since light extinction directly impacts visibility as well as climate, measurements of the extinction at varying relative humidities (RH) are needed in order to improve climate models. In this work we have measured the relative humidity dependence of aerosol light extinction and water uptake at 643 nm for particles of varying ammonium sulfate/organic compositions. Internal as well as external mixtures of levoglucosan, sucrose, and adipic acid with ammonium sulfate are investigated using cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). Optical growth factor (fRH) and hygroscopicity parameters ([kappa]) are reported for each aerosol system.
Book Synopsis Light-Induced Processes in Optically-Tweezed Aerosol Droplets by : Kerry J. Knox
Download or read book Light-Induced Processes in Optically-Tweezed Aerosol Droplets written by Kerry J. Knox and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-27 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosols play a critical role in a broad range of scientific disciplines, such as atmospheric chemistry and physics, combustion science, drug delivery and human health. This thesis explores the fundamentals of a new technique for capturing single or multiple particles using light, and for characterising these particles by Raman or fluorescence spectroscopy. The outcome of this research represents a significant development in optical manipulation techniques, specifically in optical tweezing. These findings can be applied to studies of the mass accommodation of gas-phase water molecules adsorbing onto a water surface. Not only is this a fundamental process of interest to physical chemists, but it is important for understanding the role of aerosol particles in the atmosphere, including their ability to become cloud droplets. This new strategy for investigating aerosol dynamics is fundamental in helping us understand the indirect effect of aerosols on the climate.
Book Synopsis A Study of Optical, Physical and Chemical Properties of Aerosols Using In-situ Measurements by : Zahra Chaudhry
Download or read book A Study of Optical, Physical and Chemical Properties of Aerosols Using In-situ Measurements written by Zahra Chaudhry and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Application of Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy to Atmospheric and Physical Chemistry by : James McChesney Hargrove
Download or read book The Application of Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy to Atmospheric and Physical Chemistry written by James McChesney Hargrove and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Formation Mechanism and Control Strategies of Haze in China by : Hong He
Download or read book Formation Mechanism and Control Strategies of Haze in China written by Hong He and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the new major research findings about formation mechanism and control strategies of haze in China, including basic theories, key technologies, equipment and platforms and the applications and implementations of control technologies, in implementing the Strategic Priority Research Program (Class B) of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Different types of air pollution processes experienced by the developed countries in different stages are out-breaking simultaneously in China in the recent years and resulting a new type of “haze chemistry smog” pollution, which is different from the “London smog” and the “Los Angeles photochemical smog”. This book provides a useful reference for related researchers, engineers and policy-makers engaged in atmospheric pollution research, prevention and control in China and other countries.
Book Synopsis Comparison of Near Surface and Column-Integrated Atmospheric Aerosol Optical Properties by : Rudra P Aryal
Download or read book Comparison of Near Surface and Column-Integrated Atmospheric Aerosol Optical Properties written by Rudra P Aryal and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical and chemical properties of size-resolved aerosols in near-surface air at Tudor Hill, Bermuda were measured between July 2006 and June 2009. Vertical distributions of aerosol backscattering and column-averaged aerosol optical properties were characterized with a Micro-pulse lidar (MPL) and a CIMEL automated sun-sky radiometer. The chemical species in size-segregated aerosols in marine air were compared with the surface level aerosol optical properties. The aerosol concentration, along with chemical components, was compared with the surface level wind speed and showed a significant correlation with the sea salt components. The non-sea salt components such as non-sea salt sulfate and ammonium did not show a correlation with the surface level wind speed. A comparison between scattering data at surface level with the extinction coefficient at the lowest altitude bin (75m) from the lidar inversion shows a consistent correlation but is quantitatively different. This quantitative discrepancy was explained based on the hygroscopic growth due to differences in relative humidity in measurement conditions. Aerosol optical properties measured near the surface were often significantly correlated with those averaged over the column. These include scattering by near-surface bulk aerosol at 530 nm versus column aerosol optical depth (AOD), near-surface sub-[mu]m scattering fraction versus column averaged sub-[mu]m scattering fraction, and the average angstrom exponent over column and lidar ratio derived using column integrated size distribution and complex refractive index. We also found that the single scattering albedo ([omega]o) measured at the surface by combining daily averages of the aerosol absorption and aerosol light scattering were in the same range as the instantaneous [omega]o retrieved for the column. The relative contribution of submicron aerosol light scattering to total aerosol light scattering is slightly higher in the column relative to the surface. Surface level wind speed was found to have a more important affect on bulk aerosol light scattering at the surface than in column.
Book Synopsis Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols by : Colin D. O'Dowd
Download or read book Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols written by Colin D. O'Dowd and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-15 with total page 1275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric particles are ubiquitous in the atmosphere: they form the seeds for cloud droplets and they form haze layers, blocking out incoming radiation and contributing to a partial cooling of our climate. They also contribute to poor air quality and health impacts. A large fraction of aerosols are formed from nucleation processes – that is a phase transition from vapour to liquid or solid particles. Examples are the formation of stable clusters about 1 nm in size from molecular collisions and these in turn can grow into larger (100 nm or more) haze particles via condensation to the formation of ice crystals in mixed phase or cold clouds. This book brings together the leading experts from the nucleation and atmospheric aerosols research communities to present the current state-of-the-art knowledge in these related fields. Topics covered are: Nucleation Experiment & Theory, Binary, Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation, Ion & Cluster Properties During Nucleation, Aerosol Characterisation & Properties, Aerosol Formation, Dynamics and Growth, Marine Aerosol Production, Aerosol-Cloud Interactions, Chemical Composition & Cloud Drop Activation, Remote Sensing of aerosol & clouds and Air Quality-Climate Interactions
Book Synopsis Aerosols in Science, Medicine and Technology by : Association for Aerosol Research. Conference
Download or read book Aerosols in Science, Medicine and Technology written by Association for Aerosol Research. Conference and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of Aerosol Properties Using Environmental Atomic Force Microscopy by : David Marchese
Download or read book Investigation of Aerosol Properties Using Environmental Atomic Force Microscopy written by David Marchese and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objectives of this thesis were to use atomic force microscopy to determine the morphology of atmospherically relevant aerosols and to investigate the utility of environmental atomic force microscopy for imaging aerosols as they respond to changes in relative humidity. The results of this research demonstrated the utility of atomic force microscopy for measuring the morphology of aerosols.
Book Synopsis Influence of a Change in Humidity on the Optical and Microphysical Properties of an Atmospheric Aerosol by : L. S. Ivlev
Download or read book Influence of a Change in Humidity on the Optical and Microphysical Properties of an Atmospheric Aerosol written by L. S. Ivlev and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: The theory of condensation Growth of Aerosol Particles, calculating condensation growth of individual particles of different chemical composition during changes in relative humidity, calculations of the distribution of aerosol particles by size of various levels of relative humidity, calculation of optical properties of aerosol distribution, and experimental research in condensation growth of particles.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Carbonaceous Aerosol Optical Properties to Understand Impacts on Air Quality and Composition by : Michael Robert Olson
Download or read book Investigation of Carbonaceous Aerosol Optical Properties to Understand Impacts on Air Quality and Composition written by Michael Robert Olson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The optical properties of carbonaceous aerosols were investigated to understand the impact source emissions and ambient particulate matter (PM) have on atmospheric radiative forcing. Black carbon (BC) is a strong absorber of visible light and contributes highly to atmospheric radiative forcing, therefore it is important to link BC properties to combustion emission sources. Brown carbon (BrC) is poorly understood and may be an important contributor to both positive and negative radiative forcing. The research investigates these primary knowledge gaps. The optical properties of carbonaceous aerosols were investigated to understand the impact source emissions and ambient particulate matter (PM) have on atmospheric radiative forcing. Black carbon (BC) is a strong absorber of visible light and contributes highly to atmospheric radiative forcing, therefore it is important to link BC properties to combustion emission sources. Brown carbon (BrC) is poorly understood and may be an important contributor to both positive and negative radiative forcing. The research investigates these primary knowledge gaps. Multiple methods were developed and applied to quantify the mass absorption cross-section (MAC) at multiple wavelengths of source and ambient samples. The MAC of BC was determined to be approximately 7.5 m2g−1 at 520nm. However, the MAC was highly variable with OC fraction and wavelength. The BrC MAC was similar for all sources, with the highest absorption in the UV at 370nm; the MAC quickly decreases at larger wavelengths. In the UV, the light absorption by BrC could exceed BC contribution by over 100 times, but only when the OC fraction is large (>90%) as compared to the total carbon. BrC was investigated by measuring the light absorption of solvent extracted fractions in water, dichloromethane, and methanol. Source emissions exhibited greater light absorption in methanol extractions as compared to water and DCM extracts. The BrC MAC was 2.4 to 3.7 m2g−1 at 370nm in methanol. Ambient samples showed similar MACs for the water and methanol extracts. Dichloromethane extracts did not have a significant light absorption characteristics for ambient samples. BrC and BC were measured in Beijing, China. Both were reduced significantly when restrictive air pollution controls were put in place. The industrial regions south and east of Beijing were the highest contributors to ambient BrC and BC. The controls reduced BrC more than BC as compared to observations during the regions heating period. Using the color characteristics of ambient PM, a model was developed to estimate elemental and organic carbon (EC/OC). The method will allow fast and cost effective quantification of PM composition in combination with large climate and health studies, especially in the developing world.
Book Synopsis Morphology and Optical Properties of Aerosol Particles Coated with Palmitic Acid by : Joshua Haines
Download or read book Morphology and Optical Properties of Aerosol Particles Coated with Palmitic Acid written by Joshua Haines and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The morphology of aerosol particles influences the reactions that occur during atmospheric aging, as well as altering their contributions to the direct and indirect effects. In order to study the morphology of aerosol particles coated with organic compounds, we have condensed palmitic acid onto ammonium sulfate, quartz, and kaolinite particles with a coating oven. Using transmission electron microscopy, we have determined that the coated particles consist of a core particle with palmitic acid non-uniformly surrounding this core. This particle morphology matches atmospherically relevant particles. However, to our knowledge, particles with this morphology have not been created through the use of a coating oven. The optical properties of the coated particles are characterized through cavity ring-down spectroscopy and compared to Mie scattering calculations. For thick coatings, Mie scattering theory is effective at predicting the extinction cross section of the observed particles. We discuss the atmospheric relevance of the observed particles and their impact on climate-aerosol interactions.
Book Synopsis Laboratory Studies of the Optical Properties of Atmospheric Aerosol Particles Using Cavity-enhanced Aerosol Extinction Spectroscopy (CE-AES) by : Abdur Rasheed
Download or read book Laboratory Studies of the Optical Properties of Atmospheric Aerosol Particles Using Cavity-enhanced Aerosol Extinction Spectroscopy (CE-AES) written by Abdur Rasheed and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Aerosol Optical Properties by :
Download or read book Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Aerosol Optical Properties written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
