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Investigating The Tensile Behaviour Of Unsaturated Soils Using The Brazilian Disc Test
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Book Synopsis Investigating the Tensile Behaviour of Unsaturated Soils Using the Brazilian Disc Test by : Tiago Alexandre Valentim Gaspar
Download or read book Investigating the Tensile Behaviour of Unsaturated Soils Using the Brazilian Disc Test written by Tiago Alexandre Valentim Gaspar and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In geotechnical practice, soils are generally assumed to have negligible tensile strength. However, in the context of unsaturated soils, this strength can be significant and important to consider. In contrast to the two-phase soil matrix considered in classical saturated soil mechanics, the presence of a third air phase in unsaturated soils brings about the manifestation of surface tension and matric suction. These phenomena provide unsaturated soils with a certain degree of tensile strength, which in turn affects the overall shear strength behaviour of the soil mass. This dissertation investigates the behaviour of three different unsaturated soils tested using the Brazilian Disc Test (BDT). The soils considered were two types of tailings from South African mines, i.e. gold and iron tailings, and one natural silty, clayey soil from Centurion, south of Pretoria. The tensile strength of 120 samples was determined using displacement controlled Brazilian Disc Tests with sample deformation recorded using Digital Image Correlation (DIC). Through the use of 30° curved loading strips, the BDT was found to consistently result in centrally located crack initiation by reducing compressive stress concentrations close to the points of load application. This modification of the loading conditions prevented the premature ‘crushing’ failures observed by previous authors. It was found that while the testing procedure was suitable for all soils considered, the increased ductility at high moisture contents resulted in a more complex material response upon loading. For these ductile samples, it was found that simply adopting the maximum achieved load as being indicative of the mobilisation of tensile strength is inadequate and can result in a gross overestimation of the tensile strength of these soils. The tensile strengths measured for each soil type, across a range of moisture contents, were subsequently compared to the Soil Water Retention Curves (SWRC) of each material. This comparison allowed for correlations between matric suction and tensile strength to be determined. For both gold and iron tailings, an increase in tensile strength was observed with an increase in suction. The contribution of matric suction to tensile strength was however found to diminish in the pendular regime. In contrast, the tensile strength of the Centurion soil increased with a reduction in saturation, achieved a peak value and decreased in the pendular regime. This trend was attributed to the dependency of both surface tension and matric suction on the contact area between particles, which in turn is affected by particle shape.
Book Synopsis Tensile Strength of Unsaturated Soils by : Penghai Yin
Download or read book Tensile Strength of Unsaturated Soils written by Penghai Yin and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Desiccation-induced soil cracking is of significant interest in several engineering disciplines, which include geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering, mining engineering, and agriculture engineering. The hydraulic, mechanical, thermal and other physico-chemical properties of unsaturated soils can be predominantly influenced due to cracks. Reliable information of these properties is required for the rational design and maintenance of earth structures taking account of the influence the soil-atmosphere interactions (e.g., for expansive soil slopes, earth dams, and embankments). In spite of significant research studies published in the literature on the desiccation-induced cracks during the past century, the fundamental mechanism of crack initiation and propagation of soils induced by drying and shrinkage is still elusive. For this reason, the focus of this thesis is directed towards understanding the tensile strength of unsaturated soils which is associated with soil crack initiation criterion (i.e. maximum tensile stress criterion). Tensile strength is the key property of soils for interpreting the initiation of soil cracking from a macroscopic point of view. A semi-empirical model is proposed for predicting the tensile strength of unsaturated cohesionless soils taking into account the effect of both the negative pore-water pressure in saturated pores and the air-water interfacial surface tension in unsaturated pores. The proposed model is calibrated and validated by providing comparisons between the model predictions and the experimental measurements on 10 cohesionless soils (i.e. five sandy soils and five silty soils) published in the literature. The proposed model is simple and requires only the information of Soil-Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC) and Grain Size Distribution curve (GSD), which can be obtained from conventional laboratory tests. To investigate the influence of microstructure, a practical and reliable estimation approach for predicting the evolution of the microstructural void ratio of compacted clayey soils subjected to wetting and drying paths is proposed. The microstructural evolution of 13 examined soils were investigated quantitatively using the mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) results. The investigated soils include four high-plasticity clays, eight low-plasticity clays and a glacial till which is a relatively coarse-grained soil with some fines. Based on this study, a novel criterion has been developed for identifying different pore populations of compacted clayey soils. The "as-compacted state line" (ACSL) was proposed to estimate the initial microstructural void ratio based on the compaction water ratio. A constitutive stress is derived to interpret and predict the volumetric deformation of compacted clay aggregates. The linear elastic constitutive model is used for predicting the microstructural void ratio of the examined compacted soils following monotonic wetting and drying paths. The developed approach (i.e. the ACSL and the linear elastic constitutive model) is validated by providing comparisons between the predicted and interpreted microstructural void ratios for all the examined soils. In addition to the matric suction and microstructure, the confining pressure also influences the tensile strength of unsaturated compacted clayey soils. The tensile strength tests on a compacted clayey soil by both the direct method (i.e. triaxial tensile test) and the indirect method (i.e. Brazilian split test) were performed. It is found that the tensile strength increases as the compaction water content decreases for the range investigated in this study, which could be explained by the variation of the inter-aggregated capillary bonding force and the change in microstructure. The increase in the confining pressure has been found to induce the change in failure mode (i.e. from pure tensile failure mode to combined tensile-shear failure mode). In spite of limitations associated with the Brazilian split test, tensile strength is widely determined using this test due to the simple procedure of specimen preparation and wide availability of test equipment in conventional laboratories. However, the Brazilian tensile strength is found to overestimate the tensile strength of compacted specimens with water content greater than the plastic limit. This is due to the considerable plastic deformation associated with the ductile failure instead of brittle failure. In summary, this thesis is devoted to providing insight into the fundamental mechanisms associated with the desiccation-induced crack initiation by quantitatively investigating the various factors that influence the tensile strength of unsaturated soils, which include the matric suction, the microstructure, and the confining pressure from theoretical studies and laboratory investigations.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Tensile Testing of Compacted Soils by : Mosaid M. Al-Hussaini
Download or read book Investigation of Tensile Testing of Compacted Soils written by Mosaid M. Al-Hussaini and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigation reported herein describes the development of a hollow cylinder testing device and an indirect tensile testing device and the feasibility of using this equipment for determining the tensile properties of compacted cohesive soils. Hollow cylinder, indirect tensile, and double punch tests were conducted on compacted specimens of Vicksburg buckshot clay (CH), Vicksburg lean clay (CL), and a sandy clay mixture (SC) from Degray Dam. Unconfined compression tests were also conducted to provide comparative compressive properties of the materials. The test results showed that hollow cylinder tests produce the highest measured tensile strengths of comparable specimens, followed in decreasing order by indirect tensile and double punch tests, and that tensile strength increases as the plasticity of the soil increases. (Modified author abstract).
Book Synopsis A Method for Testing Tensile Strength in Unsaturated Soils by : GX. Tang
Download or read book A Method for Testing Tensile Strength in Unsaturated Soils written by GX. Tang and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a new method for testing tensile strength in unsaturated soils. A rigid tensile mold has been designed and simple testing procedures developed. A series of tension tests has been carried out on densely compacted unsaturated soil specimens to evaluate the method. The material tested in this study was a highly plastic 50:50 (by dry weight) mixture of sand and Na-rich bentonite. Cylindrical specimens were the same size and shape as those used for triaxial tests.
Book Synopsis Unsaturated Soils. Advances in Geo-Engineering by : D.G. Toll
Download or read book Unsaturated Soils. Advances in Geo-Engineering written by D.G. Toll and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-06-23 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unsaturated Soils: Advances in Geo-Engineering comprises 136 contributions from leading international researchers and practitioners, presented at the First European Conference on Unsaturated Soils (Durham, UK, 2-4 July 2008). The papers report on the latest advances in geo-engineering aspects of unsaturated soils. It is the first collection to focu
Book Synopsis Advances in Design and Implementation of Cementitious Backfills (ADICB) by : Erol Yilmaz
Download or read book Advances in Design and Implementation of Cementitious Backfills (ADICB) written by Erol Yilmaz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-05 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice by : Delwyn G. Fredlund
Download or read book Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice written by Delwyn G. Fredlund and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-07-30 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive guide to unsaturated soil— from the world's experts on the subject This book builds upon and substantially updates Fredlund and Rahardjo's publication, Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils, the current standard in the field of unsaturated soils. It provides readers with more thorough coverage of the state of the art of unsaturated soil behavior and better reflects the manner in which practical unsaturated soil engineering problems are solved. Retaining the fundamental physics of unsaturated soil behavior presented in the earlier book, this new publication places greater emphasis on the importance of the "soil-water characteristic curve" in solving practical engineering problems, as well as the quantification of thermal and moisture boundary conditions based on the use of weather data. Topics covered include: Theory to Practice of Unsaturated Soil Mechanics Nature and Phase Properties of Unsaturated Soil State Variables for Unsaturated Soils Measurement and Estimation of State Variables Soil-Water Characteristic Curves for Unsaturated Soils Ground Surface Moisture Flux Boundary Conditions Theory of Water Flow through Unsaturated Soils Solving Saturated/Unsaturated Water Flow Problems Air Flow through Unsaturated Soils Heat Flow Analysis for Unsaturated Soils Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soils Shear Strength Applications in Plastic and Limit Equilibrium Stress-Deformation Analysis for Unsaturated Soils Solving Stress-Deformation Problems with Unsaturated Soils Compressibility and Pore Pressure Parameters Consolidation and Swelling Processes in Unsaturated Soils Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice is essential reading for geotechnical engineers, civil engineers, and undergraduate- and graduate-level civil engineering students with a focus on soil mechanics.
Book Synopsis Hydraulic Fracturing in Earth-rock Fill Dams by : Jun-Jie Wang
Download or read book Hydraulic Fracturing in Earth-rock Fill Dams written by Jun-Jie Wang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-11 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a systematic and comprehensive study of hydraulic fracturing, original in its concentration of core soil problems There have been a number of well-studied cases in which dams have failed or been damaged by concentrated leaks for no apparent cause. In some of these experiences, investigators concluded that differential settlement cracks were the probable causes, even though no cracks were seen on the surface. In these examples, it was not determined whether the crack was open before the reservoir filled or whether it might have opened afterward. In several unsolved problems on the safety of the earth-rock fill dam, the problem of hydraulic fracture in the soil core of the earth-rock fill dam is one that is widely paid attention by designers and researchers. Hydraulic fracturing is generally considered as a key cause which may induce the leakage of the dam during first filling. In this extensive book, a new numerical simulate method is suggested. The method is based on the conventional two-dimensional finite element technique, and the theoretical formulations to calculate energy release rate using virtual crack extension method. The influence factors on convergence of calculated J integral are investigated. The accuracy of the calculated J integral is verified by analysing the three typical problems in Fracture Mechanics, in which propagation of crack may follow mode I, mode II and mixed mode I-II respectively. Using the new numerical method, the factors affecting the occurrence of hydraulic fracturing in the earth-rock fill dam are investigated. The investigating results indicate that increasing any of the Young’s modulus, the Poisson’s ratio and the density of the core soil is helpful to reduce the likelihood of the occurrence of hydraulic fracturing. The likelihood of the occurrence of hydraulic fracturing increases with increasing the water level or the crack depth. The lower part of the dam core is the zone in which the phenomenon of hydraulic fracturing may be induced easily. As an example to analyse the ability of earth-rock fill dam to resist hydraulic fracturing, the Nuozhadu Dam located in Western China is analysed. Presents a systematic and comprehensive study of hydraulic fracturing, original in its concentration of core soil problems Focuses on the problem of hydraulic fracturing in earth-rock fill dams from three aspects; conditions and mechanisms of hydraulic fracturing, criterion of hydraulic fracturing, and numerical method on hydraulic fracturing Examines advanced laboratory soil testing, application of numerical methods and field testing/monitoring, all needed for a better understanding of hydraulic fracturing in earth/rock fill dams Provides an essential reference in an area of scarce research in this field, and the need in high earth dam construction in developing countries is pressing Ideal for researchers in Hydraulic and Geotechnical Engineering Fields; Students on Masters or PhD courses; as well as Designers and Constructors in Hydraulic and Geotechnical Engineering Fields.
Book Synopsis Advanced Unsaturated Soil Mechanics and Engineering by : Charles Wang Wai Ng
Download or read book Advanced Unsaturated Soil Mechanics and Engineering written by Charles Wang Wai Ng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-21 with total page 711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analytical and comprehensive, this state-of-the-art book, examines the mechanics and engineering of unsaturated soils, as well as explaining the laboratory and field testing and research that are the logical basis of this modern approach to safe construction in these hazardous geomaterials; putting them into a logical framework for civil engineerin
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Soil and Rock Properties by : P. J. Sabatini
Download or read book Evaluation of Soil and Rock Properties written by P. J. Sabatini and published by . This book was released on 2004-10-01 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document presents state-of-the-practice information on the evaluation of soil and rock properties for geotechnical design applications. This document addresses the entire range of materials potentially encountered in highway engineering practice, from soft clay to intact rock and variations of materials that fall between these two extremes. Information is presented on parameters measured, evaluation of data quality, and interpretation of properties for conventional soil and rock laboratory testing, as well as in situ devices such as field vane testing, cone penetration testing, dilatometer, pressuremeter, and borehole jack. This document provides the design engineer with information that can be used to develop a rationale for accepting or rejecting data and for resolving inconsistencies between data provided by different laboratories and field tests. This document also includes information on: (1) the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Personal Data Assistance devices for the collection and interpretation of subsurface information; (2) quantitative measures for evaluating disturbance of laboratory soil samples; and (3) the use of measurements from geophysical testing techniques to obtain information on the modulus of soil. Also included are chapters on evaluating properties of special soil materials (e.g., loess, cemented sands, peats and organic soils, etc.) and the use of statistical information in evaluating anomalous data and obtaining design values for soil and rock properties. An appendix of three detailed soil and rock property selection examples is provided which illustrate the application of the methods described in the document.
Book Synopsis Rock Failure Mechanisms by : Chun'An Tang
Download or read book Rock Failure Mechanisms written by Chun'An Tang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-08-06 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When dealing with rock in civil engineering, mining engineering and other engineering, the process by which the rock fails under load should be understood, so that safe structures can be built on and in the rock. However, there are many ways for loading rock and rock can have a variety of idiosyncracies. This reference book provides engineers and researchers with the essential knowledge for a clear understanding of the process of rock failure under different conditions. It contains an introductory chapter explaining the role of rock failure in engineering projects plus a summary of the theories governing rock failure and an explanation of the computer simulation method. It subsquently deals in detail with explaining, simulating and illustrating rock failure in laboratory and field. The concluding chapter discusses coupled modelling and the anticipated future directions for this type of computer simulation. An appendix describing the RFPA numerical model (Rock Failure Process Analysis program) is also included. About the Authors Chun'an Tang has a PhD in Mining Engineering and is a Professor at the School of Civil & Hydraulic Engineering at Dalian University of Technology in China. He is an advisor for design and stablity problem modelling in mining and civil rock engineeringand and Chairman of the China National Group of the International Society for Rock Mechanics. John Hudson is emeritus professor at Imperial College, London and is active as an independant consultant for Rock Engineering Consultants. He has a PhD in Rock Mechanics and completed over a 130 rock engineering consulting assignments in mining and civil engineering. He is a fellow at the Royal Academy of Engineering in the UK and President of the International Society for Rock Mechanics.
Book Synopsis Biochar for Environmental Management by : Johannes Lehmann
Download or read book Biochar for Environmental Management written by Johannes Lehmann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-16 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochar is the carbon-rich product when biomass (such as wood, manure or crop residues) is heated in a closed container with little or no available air. It can be used to improve agriculture and the environment in several ways, and its stability in soil and superior nutrient-retention properties make it an ideal soil amendment to increase crop yields. In addition to this, biochar sequestration, in combination with sustainable biomass production, can be carbon-negative and therefore used to actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, with major implications for mitigation of climate change. Biochar production can also be combined with bioenergy production through the use of the gases that are given off in the pyrolysis process. This book is the first to synthesize the expanding research literature on this topic. The book's interdisciplinary approach, which covers engineering, environmental sciences, agricultural sciences, economics and policy, is a vital tool at this stage of biochar technology development. This comprehensive overview of current knowledge will be of interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in a wide range of disciplines.
Download or read book Geo-frontiers 2011 written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Materials, Design, and Manufacturing for Sustainable Environment by : Santhakumar Mohan
Download or read book Materials, Design, and Manufacturing for Sustainable Environment written by Santhakumar Mohan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-06 with total page 909 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises the select proceedings of the International Conference on Materials, Design and Manufacturing for Sustainable Environment (ICMDMSE 2020). The primary focus is on emerging materials and cutting-edge manufacturing technologies for sustainable environment. The book covers a wide range of topics such as advanced materials, vibration, tribology, finite element method (FEM), heat transfer, fluid mechanics, energy engineering, additive manufacturing, robotics and automation, automobile engineering, industry 4.0, MEMS and nanotechnology, optimization techniques, condition monitoring, and new paradigms in technology management. Contents of this book will be useful to students, researchers, and practitioners alike.
Book Synopsis Unsaturated Soils: Research and Applications by : Claudio Mancuso
Download or read book Unsaturated Soils: Research and Applications written by Claudio Mancuso and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-26 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These volumes contain the contributions to the Second European Conference on Unsaturated Soils, E-UNSAT 2012, held in Napoli, Italy, in June 2012. The event is the second of a series of European conferences, and follows the first successful one, organised in Durham, UK, in 2008. The conference series is supported by Technical Committee 106 of the International Society of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering on Unsaturated Soils. The published contributions were selected after a careful peer-review process. A collection of more than one hundred papers is included, addressing the three thematic areas experimental, including advances in testing techniques and soil behaviour, modelling, covering theoretical and constitutive issues together with numerical and physical modelling, and engineering, focusing on approaches, case histories and geo-environmental themes. The areas of application of the papers embrace most of the geotechnical problems related to unsaturated soils. Increasing interest in geo-environmental problems, including chemical coupling, marks new perspectives in unsaturated soil mechanics. This book will provide a valuable up-to-date reference across the subject for both researchers and practitioners.
Book Synopsis Laboratory and Field Testing of Unsaturated Soils by : Alessandro Tarantino
Download or read book Laboratory and Field Testing of Unsaturated Soils written by Alessandro Tarantino and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-28 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume details recent global advances in laboratory and field testing of unsaturated soils. Coverage includes mechanical, hydraulic, and geo-environmental testing and applications of unsaturated soil monitoring to engineering behavior of geo-structures.
Download or read book Site Investigation written by CR Clayton and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1995-09-06 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Site investigation is the crucial first step in design and construction, when the cost and practicality of a project are evaluated. It is also a necessary part of the investigation of building failures. This major reference work describes the organization of site investigation, the plant, sampling equipment and interpretation of results. The second edition includes new material on specification and procurement, desk studies on geophysics, sample disturbance and sampling methods, in-situ testing and laboratory testing.
