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Investigating The Role Of Non Additive Genetic Effects On The Genetic Architecture And Control Of Fertility And Reproduction Traits In Holsteins
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Book Synopsis Investigating the Role of Non-additive Genetic Effects on the Genetic Architecture and Control of Fertility and Reproduction Traits in Holsteins by : Kristen Alves
Download or read book Investigating the Role of Non-additive Genetic Effects on the Genetic Architecture and Control of Fertility and Reproduction Traits in Holsteins written by Kristen Alves and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In animal breeding, it is assumed that majority of the variation in a phenotype can be captured by gene variants which combine their effects in an additive manner. In dairy cattle, this assumption works well for most traits. However, for low heritability and complex traits such as fertility and reproduction traits, additive genetic effects may not capture most of the variation. This thesis set out to explore whether it is possible to capture interactions between alleles at one loci (dominance) and between alleles at different loci (additive by additive epistasis) to improve our understanding of the genetic architecture and control of fertility and reproduction traits in Holstein cattle. Additive, dominance, and epistatic genetic variance components using pedigree and genomic relationship matrices were estimated. Dominance and epistasis contributed a larger proportion of the total phenotypic variance than the additive model currently used in practice. Three transformations to the Hadamard product for deriving the epistatic relationship matrix on the estimation of epistatic genetic variance components was investigated. While removing the interaction of a marker with itself decreased the confounding between additive and epistatic genetic effects, there was not a clear advantage as to which matrix was best. Genomic predictions were performed to assess the impact of including genomic information, epistasis, and the variants of the epistatic genomic relationship matrix on the reliability of and bias in model predictions. The results suggest fitting epistatic genetic effects in genomic evaluation models may yield an improvement in the prediction of breeding values and future phenotypes. Lastly, a genome-wide association study was performed to investigate the genetic architecture of the traits. The results suggest that significant epistatic genetic effects are probably due to many loci with a small effect rather than few loci with a large effect. Improving our understanding of the genetic architecture and control of fertility and reproduction traits will help in the proper estimation of breeding values and correct ranking of candidate parents for the next generation. This research emphasizes the need for a re-examination of our tools to help detect causal links between genetic and phenotypic variation.
Author :University of Guelph. Department of Animal & Poultry Science Publisher : ISBN 13 :9780494145685 Total Pages :97 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (456 download)
Book Synopsis Non-additive Genetic Effects for Fertility Traits in Canadian Holsteins by : University of Guelph. Department of Animal & Poultry Science
Download or read book Non-additive Genetic Effects for Fertility Traits in Canadian Holsteins written by University of Guelph. Department of Animal & Poultry Science and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Additive and Nonadditive Genetic Effects on Growth and Milk Production Traits in Holstein Ayrshire Crossbreeding Experimental Data by : Daniel Perotto
Download or read book Additive and Nonadditive Genetic Effects on Growth and Milk Production Traits in Holstein Ayrshire Crossbreeding Experimental Data written by Daniel Perotto and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Estimates of crossbreeding parameters from mixed-model analyses, were found to be more reliable than those from ordinary least squares analyses. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)" --
Book Synopsis The Genetics of Cattle, 2nd Edition by : Dorian Garrick
Download or read book The Genetics of Cattle, 2nd Edition written by Dorian Garrick and published by CABI. This book was released on 2014-11-28 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the time of domestication more than 10,000 years ago, cattle have played an increasingly crucial role in the development of human civilizations. Progress has been quite remarkable since the turn of the century; the sequencing of the bovine genome in 2009 launched new avenues for furthering our understanding of theoretical and practical aspects of cattle genetics. Covering a vast array of questions, this book reviews major topics from molecular and developmental genetics, disease resistance and immunogenetics to genetic improvement of dairy and beef breeds, addressing all current problems in the field. This second edition includes a new team of authors and completely new chapters on the genetics of fat production, nutrition, feed intake and efficiency, growth and body composition. Fully updated throughout, it provides a valuable resource on cattle genetics for researchers, breeders, veterinarians and postgraduate students.
Book Synopsis Buffalo Genetics and Genomics by : Guohua Hua
Download or read book Buffalo Genetics and Genomics written by Guohua Hua and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-28 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits by : Bruce Walsh
Download or read book Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits written by Bruce Walsh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 1504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative traits-be they morphological or physiological characters, aspects of behavior, or genome-level features such as the amount of RNA or protein expression for a specific gene-usually show considerable variation within and among populations. Quantitative genetics, also referred to as the genetics of complex traits, is the study of such characters and is based on mathematical models of evolution in which many genes influence the trait and in which non-genetic factors may also be important. Evolution and Selection of Quantitative Traits presents a holistic treatment of the subject, showing the interplay between theory and data with extensive discussions on statistical issues relating to the estimation of the biologically relevant parameters for these models. Quantitative genetics is viewed as the bridge between complex mathematical models of trait evolution and real-world data, and the authors have clearly framed their treatment as such. This is the second volume in a planned trilogy that summarizes the modern field of quantitative genetics, informed by empirical observations from wide-ranging fields (agriculture, evolution, ecology, and human biology) as well as population genetics, statistical theory, mathematical modeling, genetics, and genomics. Whilst volume 1 (1998) dealt with the genetics of such traits, the main focus of volume 2 is on their evolution, with a special emphasis on detecting selection (ranging from the use of genomic and historical data through to ecological field data) and examining its consequences.
Book Synopsis Adaptation and Fitness in Animal Populations by : Julius van der Werf
Download or read book Adaptation and Fitness in Animal Populations written by Julius van der Werf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-17 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fitness and adaptation are fundamental characteristics of plant and animal species, enabling them to survive in their environment and to adapt to the inevitable changes in this environment. This is true for both the genetic resources of natural ecosystems as well as those used in agricultural production. Extensive genetic variation exists between varieties/breeds in a species and amongst individuals within breeds. This variation has developed over very long periods of time. A major ongoing challenge is how to best utilize this variation to meet short-term demands whilst also conserving it for longer-term possible use. Many animal breeding programs have led to increased performance for production traits but this has often been accompanied by reduced fitness. In addition, the global use of genetic resources prompts the question whether introduced genotypes are adapted to local production systems. Understanding the genetic nature of fitness and adaptation will enable us to better manage genetic resources allowing us to make efficient and sustainable decisions for the improvement or breeding of these resources. This book had an ambitious goal in bringing together a sample of the world’s leading scientists in animal breeding and evolutionary genetics to exchange knowledge to advance our understanding of these vital issues.
Book Synopsis Biometrical genetics by : Kenneth Mather
Download or read book Biometrical genetics written by Kenneth Mather and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The properties of continuous variation are basic to the theory of evolution and to the practice of plant and animal improvement. Yet the genetical study of continuous variation has lagged far behind that of discontinuous variation. The reason for this situation is basically methodological. Mendel gave us not merely his principles of heredity, but also a method of experiment by which these principles could be tested over a wider range of living species, and extended into the elaborate genetical theory of today. The power of this tool is well attested by the speed with which genetics has grown. In less than fifty years, it has not only developed a theoretical structure which is unique in the biological sciences, but has established a union with nuclear cytology so close that the two have become virtually a single science offering us a new approach to problems so diverse as those of evolution, development, disease, cellular chemistry and human welfare. Much of this progress would have been impossible and all would have been slower without the Mendelian method of recognizing and using unit differences in the genetic materials.
Book Synopsis Animal Genomics by : Bhanu P. Chowdhary
Download or read book Animal Genomics written by Bhanu P. Chowdhary and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 2003 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides an update on the current status of gene maps in different livestock and pet/companion animal species. The findings summarized in species specific commentaries and original articles testify the rapid advances made in the field of animal genomics. Of significant interest is the fact that current investigations are providing headways for two important and exciting research fronts: targeted high-resolution mapping leading to the application of genomic information in addressing questions of economic and biological significance in animals, and the initiation of whole genome sequencing projects for some of the animal species. Like in humans and mice, this will set the stage for a new level of research and real time complex analysis of the genomes of these species. Animal Genomics signifies the beginning of a new era in this field and celebrates the achievements of the past 20 years of genomics research. It will be of special interest to researchers involved in genome analysis - both gross chromosomal as well as molecular - in various animal species, and to comparative and evolutionary geneticists.
Book Synopsis From Genes to Animal Behavior by : Miho Inoue-Murayama
Download or read book From Genes to Animal Behavior written by Miho Inoue-Murayama and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The biological and genetic bases of behavioral diversity have long been topics of study within many disciplines, including evolutionary biology, genetics, ethology, sociobiology, and comparative psychology, but only relatively recently have attempts been made to bring these different approaches together. This volume covers a wide range of interdisciplinary research which uses some of the newest and most promising methods and technologies. Presented here is an overview of findings in the ongoing search for the ultimate causes of behavior in several different species, including primates, dogs, rodents, birds, and fish. Divided into five parts, the work describes research on sexual and kin selection, personality and temperament, molecular genetics of personality, color vision and body coloration, and the neurological underpinnings of complex behaviors. Valuable for researchers as well as graduate students in a wide range of fields from neuroscience to ecology, the book is also useful to those seeking to move beyond the boundaries of their own discipline and to expand their knowledge.
Book Synopsis Economic Aspects of Animal Breeding by : Joel Ira Weller
Download or read book Economic Aspects of Animal Breeding written by Joel Ira Weller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1994-02-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book covers economic evaluation of genetic differences in animals, determination of breeding goals within an economic context and economic evaluation of breeding programs. During the last 50 years there have been great advances made in the breeding of domesticated animal species. Most of this work has been achieved through the efforts of geneticists, and often the economic goals of such advances have not been clearly evaluated. Economic Aspects of Animal Breeding redresses the balance and provides a much needed synthesis of this most important subject. The book is divided into five sections: basic concepts; economic evaluation of genetic differences; advanced topics in selection indices; economic evaluation of breeding programs, including biotechnological aspects; crossbreeding and heterosis.
Book Synopsis Genome-Wide Association Studies and Genomic Prediction by : Cedric Gondro
Download or read book Genome-Wide Association Studies and Genomic Prediction written by Cedric Gondro and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2013-06-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the detailed genomic information that is now becoming available, we have a plethora of data that allows researchers to address questions in a variety of areas. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become a vital approach to identify candidate regions associated with complex diseases in human medicine, production traits in agriculture, and variation in wild populations. Genomic prediction goes a step further, attempting to predict phenotypic variation in these traits from genomic information. Genome-Wide Association Studies and Genomic Prediction pulls together expert contributions to address this important area of study. The volume begins with a section covering the phenotypes of interest as well as design issues for GWAS, then moves on to discuss efficient computational methods to store and handle large datasets, quality control measures, phasing, haplotype inference, and imputation. Later chapters deal with statistical approaches to data analysis where the experimental objective is either to confirm the biology by identifying genomic regions associated to a trait or to use the data to make genomic predictions about a future phenotypic outcome (e.g. predict onset of disease). As part of the Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters provide helpful, real-world implementation advice.
Book Synopsis Linear Models for the Prediction of Animal Breeding Values by : R. A. Mrode
Download or read book Linear Models for the Prediction of Animal Breeding Values written by R. A. Mrode and published by Cab International. This book was released on 2014 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prediction of producing desirable traits in offspring such as increased growth rate or superior meat, milk and wool production is a vital economic tool to the animal scientist. Summarizing the latest developments in genomics relating to animal breeding values and design of breeding programs, this new edition includes models of survival analysis, social interaction and sire and dam models, as well as advancements in the use of SNPs in the computation of genomic breeding values.
Book Synopsis Marine Mammals Ashore by : Joseph R. Geraci
Download or read book Marine Mammals Ashore written by Joseph R. Geraci and published by National Aquarium in Baltimore. This book was released on 2005 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive manual for understanding and carrying out marine mammal rescue activities for stranded seals, manatees, dolphins, whales, or sea otters.
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dairy Chemistry and Biochemistry by : P. F. Fox
Download or read book Dairy Chemistry and Biochemistry written by P. F. Fox and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-19 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the most comprehensive introductory text on the chemistry and biochemistry of milk. It provides a comprehensive description of the principal constituents of milk (water, lipids, proteins, lactose, salts, vitamins, indigenous enzymes) and of the chemical aspects of cheese and fermented milks and of various dairy processing operations. It also covers heat-induced changes in milk, the use of exogenous enzymes in dairy processing, principal physical properties of milk, bioactive compounds in milk and comparison of milk of different species. This book is designed to meet the needs of senior students and dairy scientists in general.
Download or read book Epistasis written by Jason H. Moore and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2014-11-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a valuable and readily reproducible collection of established and emerging techniques on modern genetic analyses. Chapters focus on statistical or data mining analyses, genetic architecture, the burden of multiple testing, genetic variance, measuring epistasis, multifactor dimensionality reduction, and ReliefF. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Epistasis: Methods and Protocols aids scientists in continuing to study elucidate epistasis in the context of modern data availability.
