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Investigating Patterns Of Mitochondrial Dna Inheritance Using New Zealand Chinook Salmon Oncorphynchus Tshawytscha As A Model Organism
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Book Synopsis Investigating Patterns of Mitochondrial DNA Inheritance Using New Zealand Chinook Salmon (Oncorphynchus Tshawytscha) as a Model Organism by : Jonci Nikolai Wolff
Download or read book Investigating Patterns of Mitochondrial DNA Inheritance Using New Zealand Chinook Salmon (Oncorphynchus Tshawytscha) as a Model Organism written by Jonci Nikolai Wolff and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Investigation of MtDNA Heteroplasmy in New Zealand Chinook Salmon (oncorhynchus Tshawytscha) and Its Effects on Mitochondrial-based Population Studies by : Caroline W. Antolik
Download or read book An Investigation of MtDNA Heteroplasmy in New Zealand Chinook Salmon (oncorhynchus Tshawytscha) and Its Effects on Mitochondrial-based Population Studies written by Caroline W. Antolik and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Variation in Mitochondrial DNA and Allozymes Discriminates Early and Late Forms of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha) in the Kenai and Kasilof Rivers, Alaska by : Noah Swayambhu Adams
Download or read book Variation in Mitochondrial DNA and Allozymes Discriminates Early and Late Forms of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha) in the Kenai and Kasilof Rivers, Alaska written by Noah Swayambhu Adams and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic differences between early and late forms of Alaskan chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were identified using two genetic approaches: mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis and protein electrophoresis. The study populations consisted of early- and late-run chinook salmon in each of the Kenai and Kasilof rivers in Alaska, and a single population from the Minam River, Oregon, that provided a relative scale for the differences among the Alaskan populations. Two segments of mtDNA were amplified separately using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then digested with 14 to 16 restriction enzymes. Results showed that the two early runs were genetically similar to each other but different from either of the late runs. The late runs were different from each other based on the frequency of the common haplotypes. The Minam River stock shared two haplotypes with the Alaskan stocks and displayed one unique haplotype. The frequency difference in the shared haplotypes together with the presence of a unique haplotype allowed us to separate the Oregon population from those in Alaska. In the protein analysis, each of the five populations was examined at 30 allozyme loci to determine variation within and between the runs. Based on 14 polymorphic loci, Minam River chinook salmon were genetically distinct from the Alaskan populations. Within the Alaskan populations, the two early runs were most similar to each other but different from the two late runs; the two late runs were also genetically most similar to each other. Based on all loci, protein electrophoresis proved to be a useful technique to separate stocks of chinook salmon. On a locus by locus basis, however, mtDNA was more powerful. Both mtDNA and allozyme analysis suggest that chinook salmon may segregate into genetically different early and late forms within a drainage.
Book Synopsis Genetic History of Chinook and Sockeye Salmon Analyzed Using Ancient and Contemporary Mitochondrial DNA by : Bobbi May Johnson
Download or read book Genetic History of Chinook and Sockeye Salmon Analyzed Using Ancient and Contemporary Mitochondrial DNA written by Bobbi May Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) serve an important social and economic role in western North America. Despite historical abundance, native salmonids are now at risk of extinction throughout much of their native range. The accurate characterization of historic range, population size, and gene flow is essential for the development of successful conservation strategies. Therefore, conservation disciplines may look to the past to inform the future. One framework for such investigations is phylogeography, which examines geographical and genealogical connections in an effort to understand the evolutionary history of organisms. Another avenue is the study of genetic data from temporally diverse samples, which facilitates the direct observation of a genetic history.
Book Synopsis An Investigation Into the Genetic Basis of Migration Timing in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha) by : Kathleen Gallen O'Malley
Download or read book An Investigation Into the Genetic Basis of Migration Timing in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha) written by Kathleen Gallen O'Malley and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The genetic basis of adaptation is complex as many fitness-related traits are quantitative and likely influenced by multiple genes with variable effects across different selective environments. One important adaptation for anadromous Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) is the time at which individuals return to natal breeding sites within a reproductive season. Here, I tested for adaptive genetic differentiation among temporally divergent migratory runs using candidate loci. First, I isolated and characterized two copies of the circadian rhythm gene, Clock, from Chinook salmon (OtsClock1a and OtsClock1b). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these copies likely arose subsequent to the salmonid genome-wide duplication event. Each copy contains a polyglutamine repeat motif (PolyQ), an essential binding domain of this transcription factor. However, a 1200bp non-coding segment, showing >90% sequence identity to the Salmo salar Transferrin gene, is located downstream of the OtsClock1a PolyQ, yet absent from OtsClock1b providing evidence for nonhomologous recombination. Another candidate, Ots515NWFSC, shows sequence identity to three salmonid genes central to reproductive development: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, CYP19b-I, and Ghrelin. I employed OtsClock1b and Ots515NWFSC to test for differentiation in two unique systems: Feather River, California; and Waitaki and Poulter Rivers, New Zealand. Based on length variation in these candidate genes, Feather River fall and spring run Chinook salmon are genetically differentiated. In contrast, these seasonal runs are genetically indistinguishable based on neutral microsatellite loci. Correspondingly, temporally divergent Chinook salmon runs in the Waitaki and Poulter Rivers show greater differentiation based on variation in OtsClock1b and Ots515NWFSC than microsatellite loci. Tests for selective neutrality indicate that OtsClock1b and Ots515NWFSC are likely under selection in both systems. In addition, I found evidence for a latitudinal cline in two OtsClock1b PolyQ alleles among 42 Chinook salmon runs which is likely maintained by selection and thus may reflect an adaptation to photoperiodic parameters. Lastly, a hierarchical gene diversity analysis of OtsClock1b PolyQ variation revealed that run timing explained 43.7% of the overall genetic variance which contrast sharply with the 8.1% calculated for microsatellite loci. Evidence presented here suggests that OtsClock1b and Ots515NWFSC may influence migration timing of Chinook salmon.
Book Synopsis Progress in Development of a DNA Baseline for Genetic Identification of Chinook Salmon Stocks of the Copper River Basin, Alaska by : Lisa Wishard Seeb
Download or read book Progress in Development of a DNA Baseline for Genetic Identification of Chinook Salmon Stocks of the Copper River Basin, Alaska written by Lisa Wishard Seeb and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report serves as a first-year summary of progress of a contract study intended to document the timing and origins of chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, stocks in the Copper River and adjacent ocean fisheries using DNA markers. The project is intended to investigate the genetic structure of chinook salmon from the Copper River drainage using both microsatellite and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Identification of genetic stocks of chinook salmon within the Copper River drainage and knowledge of their run timing and migration patterns will provide valuable information to optimize management and provide for sustainable fisheries. The first objective of this contract study is to develop a DNA database to delineate major geographic and temporal stocks of chinook salmon within the Copper River. This objective requires collection of tissue samples as well as the laboratory DNA analyses of those tissues. A second objective is to investigate run timing and entry patterns within the Copper River through the analysis of radio-tagged and fishwheel samples from Baird Canyon. A third objective is to characterize the timing of Copper River stocks in the ocean fisheries and estimate the contribution to this fishery by stocks of non-Copper River origin. Finally, these data will be standardized and contributed to a coastwide DNA database so that Copper River chinook salmon can be tracked throughout their marine migration. This report reviews the first year of the study which concentrated on objective 1.
Book Synopsis Mitochondrial Inheritance in Ustilago Violacea by : Gerhard A. A. Wilch
Download or read book Mitochondrial Inheritance in Ustilago Violacea written by Gerhard A. A. Wilch and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anther smut fungus U stilago violacea has been developed as an important model organIsm for genetic, morphological and physiological studies. Valuable information on the nuclear genetics on U stilago violacea has been obtained in the last 20-25 years. However, in this organism almost nothing is known about mitochondria which make up an important aspect of the fungal genetic system. One fundamental aspect, mitochondrial inheritance, was addressed by this investigation. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of U. violacea was purified and restriction fragments cloned. MtDNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were identified among different isolates and were used as genetic markers for studying mitochondrial inheritance in crosses between polymorphic isolates. Matings of the yeast-like haploid cells of opposite mating types resulted in dikaryons containing mitochondria from both parents. The dikaryons were induced to form hyphae and then allowed to revert to haploid growth, resulting 1ll a colony that is bisectored for the two nuclear types. Both nuclear-type progeny of each cross were examined for parental mitochondrial type: Either mitochondrial type was observed 1ll the progeny. Thus, mitochondrial inheritance is biparental in this organism. The recovery of both mitochondrial types in the progeny was non-random. In progeny with the nuclear genotype of the al mating type parent mitochondria from both parents were inherited equally well. However, 1ll progeny with the a2 mating type, mitochondria were inherited almost exclusively (94%) from the a2 parent.
Book Synopsis Dragonflies and Damselflies by : Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
Download or read book Dragonflies and Damselflies written by Alex Córdoba-Aguilar and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-08-28 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dragonflies and Damselflies documents the latest advances in odonate biology and relates these to a broader ecological and evolutionary research agenda. Despite being one of the smallest insect orders, dragonflies offer a number of advantages for both laboratory and field studies. In fact, they have been crucial to the advancement of our understanding of insect ecology and evolution. This book provides a critical summary of the major advances in these fields. Contributions from many of the leading researchers in dragonfly biology offer new perspectives and paradigms as well as additional, unpublished, data. The editor has carefully assembled a mix of theoretical and applied chapters (including those addressing conservation and monitoring) and achieves a balance of emerging and established research topics, providing suggestions for future study in each case. This accessible text is not about dragonflies per se but an essential source of knowledge that describes how different sets of evolutionary and ecological principles/ideas have been tested on a particular taxon. It will therefore be suitable for graduate students and researchers in entomology, evolutionary biology, population and behavioural ecology, and conservation biology. It will of course be of particular interest and use to those working on insects and an indispensable reference text for odonate biologists.
Book Synopsis Using Genetic Tools to Inform Management and Study Local Adaptation in Pacific Salmon by : Wesley Alan Larson
Download or read book Using Genetic Tools to Inform Management and Study Local Adaptation in Pacific Salmon written by Wesley Alan Larson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic analysis represents a powerful tool for informing management and studying adaptation in wild populations. For example, genetic tools can be used to delineate conservation units, assign individuals of unknown ancestry back to their populations of origin, and identify genes that are important for local adaptation. The overall goal of my thesis was to apply genetic tools to improve population-specific management and identify the genetic basis of local adaptation in Pacific salmon. Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) return to their natal spawning habitats with high fidelity, promoting the formation of distinct populations that are highly adapted to their local environment. Pacific salmon are also an extremely important economic, cultural, and subsistence resource. These characteristics make Pacific salmon ideal candidates for population-specific management and facilitate the study of local adaptation. My dissertation consists of six chapters divided into two major themes. The first three chapters focus on applied research questions aimed at developing and utilizing genetic tools to improve management of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), and the last three chapters focus on understanding the genetic basis of local adaptation in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). In chapter one, we used an existing genetic baseline to elucidate the migration patterns of Chinook salmon in the marine environment. Chapters two and three explored the use of genomics in a management context, applying data from thousands of genetic markers to develop novel resources that will aid in the conservation of Chinook salmon from western Alaska. For chapter four, we investigated patterns of selection at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in populations of sockeye salmon from the Wood River basin in southwestern Alaska. In chapter five, we constructed a genetic linkage map and conducted QTL analysis in five families of sockeye salmon. Finally, in chapter six we merged the linkage map with population data to study the genomic basis of adaptive divergence among three ecotypes of sockeye salmon from the Wood River basin. Taken together, these studies highlight the utility of genetic tools, especially genomics, for improving management and studying local adaptation in Pacific salmon.
Book Synopsis Aquaculture Genome Technologies by : Zhanjiang (John) Liu
Download or read book Aquaculture Genome Technologies written by Zhanjiang (John) Liu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-02-28 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomics is a rapidly growing scientific field with applications ranging from improved disease resistance to increased rate of growth. Aquaculture Genome Technologies comprehensively covers the field of genomics and its applications to the aquaculture industry. This volume looks to bridge the gap between a basic understanding of genomic technology to its practical use in the aquaculture industry.
Book Synopsis Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index by :
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Marine Genetics by : Antonio M. Solé-Cava
Download or read book Marine Genetics written by Antonio M. Solé-Cava and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our current knowledge of marine organisms and the factors affecting their ecology, distribution and evolution has been revolutionised by the use, in the last 20 years, of molecular population genetics tools. This book is the result of a meeting of world-leading experts, in Rio de Janeiro, where the state of the art of this field was reviewed. Topics covered include the molecular analysis of bio-invasions, the recent developments in marine biotechnology, the factors affecting levels of genetic variation and population structure in marine organisms and their application to conservation biology, fisheries and aquaculture. This is the first book dedicated to the genetic study of marine organisms. It will be very useful to biology students, scientists and anyone working or simply interested in areas such as marine biology, zoology, ecology, and population and molecular genetics.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251316082 Total Pages :291 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis The State of the World’s Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book The State of the World’s Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-07-24 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conservation, sustainable use and development of aquatic genetic resources (AqGR) is critical to the future supply of fish. The State of the World’s Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture is the first ever global assessment of these resources, with the scope of this first Report being limited to cultured AqGR and their wild relatives, within national jurisdiction. The Report draws on 92 reports from FAO member countries and five specially commissioned thematic background studies. The reporting countries are responsible for 96 percent of global aquaculture production. The Report sets the context with a review of the state of world’s aquaculture and fisheries and includes overviews of the uses and exchanges of AqGR, the drivers and trends impacting AqGR and the extent of ex situ and in situ conservation efforts. The Report also investigates the roles of stakeholders in AqGR and the levels of activity in research, education, training and extension, and reviews national policies and the levels of regional and international cooperation on AqGR. Finally, needs and challenges are assessed in the context of the findings from the data collected from the countries. The Report represents a snapshot of the present status of AqGR and forms a valuable technical reference document, particularly where it presents standardized key terminology and concepts.
Book Synopsis Molecular Approaches in Natural Resource Conservation and Management by : J. Andrew DeWoody
Download or read book Molecular Approaches in Natural Resource Conservation and Management written by J. Andrew DeWoody and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-14 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in molecular genetics and genomics have been embraced by many in natural resource conservation. Today, several major conservation and management journals are now using 'genetics' editors to deal solely with the influx of manuscripts that employ molecular data. The editors have attempted to synthesize some of the major uses of molecular markers in natural resource management in a book targeted not only at scientists but also at individuals actively making conservation and management decisions. To that end, the text features contributors who are major figures in molecular ecology and evolution - many having published books of their own. The aim is to direct and distil the thoughts of these outstanding scientists by compiling compelling case histories in molecular ecology as they apply to natural resource management.
Download or read book Pacific Salmon Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ecological and Genetic Implications of Aquaculture Activities by : Theresa M. Bert
Download or read book Ecological and Genetic Implications of Aquaculture Activities written by Theresa M. Bert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-30 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, numerous prominent aquaculture researchers contribute 27 chapters that provide overviews of aquaculture effects on the environment. They comprise a comprehensive synthesis of many ecological and genetic problems implicated in the practice of aquaculture and of many proven, attempted, or postulated solutions to those problems. This is an outstanding source of reference for all types of aquaculture activities.
Book Synopsis The Diversity of Fishes by : Gene Helfman
Download or read book The Diversity of Fishes written by Gene Helfman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-03 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of The Diversity of Fishes represents a major revision of the world’s most widely adopted ichthyology textbook. Expanded and updated, the second edition is illustrated throughout with striking color photographs depicting the spectacular evolutionary adaptations of the most ecologically and taxonomically diverse vertebrate group. The text incorporates the latest advances in the biology of fishes, covering taxonomy, anatomy, physiology, biogeography, ecology, and behavior. A new chapter on genetics and molecular ecology of fishes has been added, and conservation is emphasized throughout. Hundreds of new and redrawn illustrations augment readable text, and every chapter has been revised to reflect the discoveries and greater understanding achieved during the past decade. Written by a team of internationally-recognized authorities, the first edition of The Diversity of Fishes was received with enthusiasm and praise, and incorporated into ichthyology and fish biology classes around the globe, at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The second edition is a substantial update of an already classic reference and text. Companion resources site This book is accompanied by a resources site: www.wiley.com/go/helfman The site is being constantly updated by the author team and provides: · Related videos selected by the authors · Updates to the book since publication · Instructor resources · A chance to send in feedback
