Introduction To Functional Food Science

Download Introduction To Functional Food Science full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Introduction To Functional Food Science ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Introduction to Functional Food Science

Author : Danik M. Martirosyan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781512023947
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (239 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Introduction to Functional Food Science by : Danik M. Martirosyan

Download or read book Introduction to Functional Food Science written by Danik M. Martirosyan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food is gradually becoming a force of change in the health world. As chronic disease rates and health costs rise, populations are increasingly looking towards food as an affordable alternative form of treatment. Functional food, a revolutionary category of food that is taking the world by storm, is popular across the world. However, certain setbacks, such as the lack of a consistent definition across nations and low food education among the public, have held functional food back from high market accessibility. The Functional Food Center (FFC) has been studying functional food for nearly 20 years, and in our third textbook edition, we delve into greater detail regarding topics in functional food science. Specifically, we cover topics such as: the definition of functional food, functional food components, health benefits, chronic diseases, global markets, and sensory evaluation. In addition to these main sections, we discuss sub-topics, such as: modern scientific technology, the relationship between functional food science and medicine, and finally, how food claims are regulated across the world. Accessible to medical doctors, researchers, dietitians, public health professionals, students, and the public, this textbook is meant to enlighten any and all interested in alternative sources of health. Some scientists predict that food will be the future of healthcare and wellness. We agree, and think that functional food is the first glimpse into that future.Using the insight and knowledge of over 3,000 scientific references, we have created a guide to modern functional food science. Edited by Danik M. Martirosyan, PhD, President of Functional Food Center (Dallas, TX, USA), this textbook is the result of a collaboration between 54 scientists, 44 universities, and international medical and food organizations. We would like to extend our warmest gratitude to each and every contributor of this book for having shared their articles with us. Our contributors are experts in their fields and are based in a variety of countries, including: Australia, Canada, United Kingdom, Italy, Japan, China, Denmark, Russia, India, Hong Kong, Hungaria, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brazil, Poland, Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Belarus, the USA and more. Our diversity of backgrounds adds richness to this book and to all of our other publications at the FFC.Danik M. Martirosyan, PhD, President, Functional Food Institute, Dallas, TX, USA

Introduction to Functional Food Science

Author : Danik M. Martirosyan, Ph.d.
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781502966735
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (667 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Introduction to Functional Food Science by : Danik M. Martirosyan, Ph.d.

Download or read book Introduction to Functional Food Science written by Danik M. Martirosyan, Ph.d. and published by . This book was released on 2014-10-23 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents not only innovative functional food ideas for the management of chronic illnesses, but also the processes and scientific research which lead to these inventive and modern treatment methods. This issue not only preserves the numerous ideas and contributions made in the field of functional food, but lays the foundation for a field of science that will undoubtedly logarithmically expand in the coming years, and change modern society's relationship with medicine. This book serves as a collection of the most up-to-date ideas and contributions made by researchers in the field of functional foods and prevention and management of chronic diseases. Furthermore, this book demonstrates the current progress and evolution of a science that will undoubtedly change the lives of millions of people worldwide. This cornerstone guide, written by internationally recognized functional, medical, and bioactive food experts, covers the basics on functional foods and functional food sciences. With more than 3,000 scientific references, this book provides scientists, medical doctors, nutritionists, food technologists, and students majoring the biology, nutrigenetic, and food science fields, as well as public health professionals with a comprehensive and up-to-date examination of functional foods. The book provides modern information on functional food components, including antioxidants, dietary fibers, prebiotics, plant sterols, phytochemicals, bioactive peptides, and flavonoids, as well as the health benefits of bioactive foods. For the first time, internationally-recognized specialists in the interdisciplinary science of functional foods are putting together different pieces of research and development of functional foods, as well as epidemiological and post marketing investigations. The book presents the latest developments in nutrigenomics, molecular biology, epidemiology, as well as the marketing and distribution of functional foods. The book is composed of four major chapters: “Introduction;” “Bioactive Food Compounds: Sources and Potential Health Benefits;” “Functional Foods and Chronic Diseases;” and “Functional Foods: Philosophy, Evolution, Interactions, and Market.” Chapter 1 presents an introduction and definition of functional food and describes the categories of healthy and medical foods. It also reviews similarities and differences between these categories. Furthermore, it discusses biomarkers for functional foods and bioactive compounds, which always exist in functional foods. This chapter also describes scientific standards for evaluating functional food claims: regulation, pre-clinical and clinical studies. Chapter 2 is devoted to different functional food components, such as antioxidants, dietary fibers, prebiotics, plant sterols, phytochemicals, bioactive peptides, flavonoids, and relationships between bioactive food components and their health benefits. Chapter 3 provides information about functional foods' abilities to prevent and manage metabolic syndrome, as well as chronic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and others. This book also describes the roles of functional and medical foods in emotional health, oral health, and gerontology. Finally, chapter 4 presents the different approaches of western and eastern cultures to functional foods, sensory evaluation of functional foods, food-drug interactions, and functional food ingredients market. The book is a result of collective work of 54 scientists, 44 universities, medical and food organizations, all coming from different countries.

Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

Author : Rotimi E. Aluko
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461434807
Total Pages : 155 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals by : Rotimi E. Aluko

Download or read book Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals written by Rotimi E. Aluko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-05 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Functional food or medicinal food is any fresh or processed food claimed to have a health-promoting and/or disease-preventing property beyond the basic nutritional function of supplying nutrients, although there is no consensus on an exact definition of the term. This is an emerging field in food science, in which such foods are usually accompanied by health claims for marketing purposes, such as a company's ‘cereal is a significant source of fiber. Studies have shown that an increased amount of fiber in one's diet can decrease the risk of certain types of cancer in individuals.’ Functional foods are sometimes called nutraceuticals, a portmanteau of nutrition and pharmaceutical, and can include food that has been genetically modified. The general category includes processed food made from functional food ingredients, or fortified with health-promoting additives, like "vitamin-enriched" products, and also fresh foods (e.g., vegetables) that have specific claims attached. Fermented foods with live cultures are often also considered to be functional foods with probiotic benefits."

Introducing Food Science

Author : Robert L. Shewfelt
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 142001272X
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Introducing Food Science by : Robert L. Shewfelt

Download or read book Introducing Food Science written by Robert L. Shewfelt and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-05-16 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As daily consumers of foods and beverages, everyone has opinions and interests about their diet choices. However, many questions about food are often non-technical and, therefore, defy technical answers. Introducing Food Science addresses a range of food issues facing today's consumer, proceeding from a general and student-friendly discussion to an

Functional Foods : Sources and Health Benefits

Author : D. Mudgil
Publisher : Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9387869636
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (878 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Functional Foods : Sources and Health Benefits by : D. Mudgil

Download or read book Functional Foods : Sources and Health Benefits written by D. Mudgil and published by Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this book is to provide complete coursed content of functional foods related subjects in ICAR, CSIR and UGC institutions in Food Technology, Dairy Technology, Food & Nutrition, Post Harvest Technology, Agricultural and Food Process Engineering discipline. The book contains fourteen chapters on the topics such as Introduction to Functional Foods, Nutrition for all Ages, Food Fortification, Low Calorie Food, Sports Food, Herbs as Functional Foods, Prebiotics, Probiotics & Synbiotics, Functional Dairy Products, Role of Cereal in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Functional Components from Fruits & Vegetables, Functional Meat Products, Immunomodulatory Response of Fermented Dairy Products, Consumer Response towards Functional Foods. The content of the book will be helpful for B.Tech, M.Tech, M.Sc. & Ph.D. students of above mentioned disciplines. These topics will also be helpful for the students preparing for ICAR-ARS examination as these provide subjective information of the subject.

Introduction to Food Science and Technology

Author : G.F. Stewart
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323138594
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Introduction to Food Science and Technology by : G.F. Stewart

Download or read book Introduction to Food Science and Technology written by G.F. Stewart and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of this popular textbook has benefited from several years of exposure to both teachers and students. Based on their own experiences as well as those of others, the authors have reorganized, added, and updated this work to meet the needs of the current curriculum. As with the first edition the goal is to introduce the beginning student to the field of food science and technology. Thus, the book discusses briefly the complex of basic sciences fundamental to food processing and preservation as well as the application of these sciences to the technology of providing the consumer with food products that are at once appealing to the eye, pleasing to the palate, and nutritious to the human organism. Introduction to Food Science and Technology is set in the world in which it operates; it contains discussions of historical development, the current world food situation, the safety regulations and laws that circumscribe the field, and the careers that it offers.

Nutraceutical and Functional Food Components

Author : Charis M. Galanakis
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323850537
Total Pages : 633 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Nutraceutical and Functional Food Components by : Charis M. Galanakis

Download or read book Nutraceutical and Functional Food Components written by Charis M. Galanakis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-10-24 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutraceutical and Functional Food Components: Effects of Innovative Processing Techniques, Second Edition highlights the impact of recent food industry advances on the nutritional value, functional properties, applications, bioavailability, and bioaccessibility of food components. This second edition also assesses shelf-life, sensory characteristics, and the profile of food products. Covering the most important groups of food components, including lipids, proteins, peptides and amino acids, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, polyphenols, carotenoids, vitamins, aromatic compounds, minerals, glucosinolates, enzymes, this book addresses processing methods for each. Food scientists, technologists, researchers, nutritionists, engineers and chemists, agricultural scientists, other professionals working in the food industry, as well as students studying related fields, will benefit from this updated reference. Focuses on nutritional value, functional properties, applications, bioavailability and bioaccessibility of food components Covers food components by describing the effects of thermal and non-thermal technologies Addresses shelf-life, sensory characteristics and health claims

Developing New Functional Food and Nutraceutical Products

Author : Debasis Bagchi
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128027797
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Developing New Functional Food and Nutraceutical Products by : Debasis Bagchi

Download or read book Developing New Functional Food and Nutraceutical Products written by Debasis Bagchi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing New Functional Food and Nutraceutical Products provides critical information from conceptualization of new products to marketing, aiming to present a solid understanding of the entire process through detailed coverage of key concepts, namely innovation, regulation, manufacturing, quality control, and marketing. Chapters provide insights into market and competitive analysis, product design and development, intellectual property, ingredient sourcing, cost control, and sales and marketing strategies. Examines key considerations in product development Provides a streamlined approach for product development Addresses manufacturing and quality control challenges Includes key lessons for a successful product launch and effective marketing

Advances in Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

Author : Sreerag Gopi
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 100056567X
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Advances in Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods by : Sreerag Gopi

Download or read book Advances in Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods written by Sreerag Gopi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-05-18 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the rapidly growing field of functional foods in the prevention and management of chronic and infectious diseases. Chapters explore the varied sources, biochemical properties, metabolics, health benefits, and safety of bioactive ingredients of nutraceutical and functional food products. Special emphasis is given to linking the molecular and chemical structures of biologically active components in foods to their nutritional and pharmacological effects on human health and wellness. In addition to discussing scientific and clinical rationales for different sources of functional foods, the book also explains in detail scientific methodologies used to investigate the functionality, effectiveness, and safety of bioactive ingredients in food. The chapter authors discuss advanced nanocarriers for nutraceuticals based on structured lipids and nonlipids, nanoparticulate approaches for improved nutrient bioavailability, adulteration and safety issues, nanodelivery systems, microencapsulation, and more. The book discusses some particular health benefits from nutrition nutraceuticals, including probiotic dairy and non-dairy products and bioactive proteins and peptides as functional foods. The volume also gives an overview of emerging trends, growth patterns, and new opportunities in the field of nutraceuticals and functional foods.

Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

Author : Chukwuebuka Egbuna
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030423190
Total Pages : 644 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals by : Chukwuebuka Egbuna

Download or read book Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals written by Chukwuebuka Egbuna and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-24 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functional foods and nutraceuticals are food products that naturally offer or have been modified to offer additional health benefits beyond basic nutrition. As such products have surged in popularity in recent years, it is crucial that researchers and manufacturers understand the concepts underpinning functional foods and the opportunity they represent to improve human health, reduce healthcare costs, and support economic development worldwide. Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals: Bioactive Components, Formulations and Innovations presents a guide to functional foods from experienced professionals in key institutions around the world. The text provides background information on the health benefits, bioavailability, and safety measurements of functional foods and nutraceuticals. Subsequent chapters detail the bioactive components in functional foods responsible for these health benefits, as well as the different formulations of these products and recent innovations spurred by consumer demands. Authors emphasize product development for increased marketability, taking into account safety issues associated with functional food adulteration and solutions to be found in GMP adherence. Various food preservation methods aimed at enhancing the quality and shelf life of functional food are also highlighted. Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals: Bioactive Components, Formulations and Innovations is the first of its kind, designed to be useful to students, teachers, nutritionists, food scientists, food technologists and public health regulators alike.

Secondary Metabolite and Functional Food Components

Author : Shashank Kumar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536131864
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (318 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Secondary Metabolite and Functional Food Components by : Shashank Kumar

Download or read book Secondary Metabolite and Functional Food Components written by Shashank Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nutrition: A Very Short Introduction

Author : David Bender
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191504157
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Nutrition: A Very Short Introduction by : David Bender

Download or read book Nutrition: A Very Short Introduction written by David Bender and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-06-26 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition is a topic of wide interest and importance. In spite of growing understanding of the underlying biochemistry, and health campaigns such as 'five-a-day', increasing obesity and reported food allergies and eating disorders, as well as the widely advertised 'supposed' benefits of food supplements mean that a clear explanation of the basic principles of a healthy diet are vital. In this Very Short Introduction, David Bender explains the basic elements of food, the balance between energy intake and exercise, the problems of over- and under-nutrition, and raises the question of safety of nutritional supplements. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Innovation in Healthy and Functional Foods

Author : Dilip Ghosh
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439862699
Total Pages : 616 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Innovation in Healthy and Functional Foods by : Dilip Ghosh

Download or read book Innovation in Healthy and Functional Foods written by Dilip Ghosh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of food science and technology has shifted from previous goals of improving food safety and enhancing food taste toward providing healthy and functional foods. Today's consumers desire foods that go beyond basic nutrition-foods capable of promoting better health, or even playing a disease-prevention role. To meet this need for innovation,

Functional Foods

Author : Vasiliki Lagouri
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1838811494
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (388 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Functional Foods by : Vasiliki Lagouri

Download or read book Functional Foods written by Vasiliki Lagouri and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food" said Hippocrates, the father of medicine approximately 2500 years ago. Is food also medicine? Are products that intend to cure diseases medicinal products and not food? Do we know the combination of foods or food components with functional properties that can help promote the well-being or reduce the risk of chronic diseases? In general terms, all foods are functional because they provide the nutrients necessary for a healthy diet. So what are the components that functional foods have beyond their nutrition value? What is the definition of functional foods? What scientific research is needed to validate health claims for functional foods? This book will provide answers to all of these questions. It is important for scientists to have the opportunities to study the relationship between a food type or a food active component and the improved state of health or reduction of diseases. The communication of health benefits to consumers is of critical importance so that they have the knowledge to make informed choices about the foods they eat and enjoy.

Introduction to the Chemistry of Food

Author : Michael Zeece
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128117265
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Introduction to the Chemistry of Food by : Michael Zeece

Download or read book Introduction to the Chemistry of Food written by Michael Zeece and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to the Chemistry of Food describes the molecular composition of food and the chemistry of its components. It provides students with an understanding of chemical and biochemical reactions that impact food quality and contribute to wellness. This innovative approach enables students in food science, nutrition and culinology to better understand the role of chemistry in food. Specifically, the text provides background in food composition, demonstrates how chemistry impacts quality, and highlights its role in creating novel foods. Each chapter contains a review section with suggested learning activities. Text and supplemental materials can be used in traditional face-to-face, distance, or blended learning formats. Describes the major and minor components of food Explains the functional properties contributed by proteins, carbohydrates and lipids in food Explores the chemical and enzymatic reactions affecting food attributes (color, flavor and nutritional quality) Describes the gut microbiome and influence of food components on its microbial population Reviews major food systems and novel sources of food protein

Essentials of Food Science

Author : Vickie A. Vaclavik
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146149138X
Total Pages : 495 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Essentials of Food Science by : Vickie A. Vaclavik

Download or read book Essentials of Food Science written by Vickie A. Vaclavik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-05 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth edition of this classic text continues to use a multidisciplinary approach to expose the non-major food science student to the physical and chemical composition of foods. Additionally, food preparation and processing, food safety, food chemistry, and food technology applications are discussed in this single source of information. The book begins with an Introduction to Food Components, Quality and Water. Next, it addresses Carbohydrates in Food, Starches, Pectins and Gums. Grains: Cereals, Flour, Rice and Pasta, and Vegetables and Fruits follow. Proteins in Food, Meat, Poultry, Fish, and Dry Beans; Eggs and Egg Products, Milk and Milk Products as well as Fats and Oil Products, Food Emulsions and Foams are covered. Next, Sugar, Sweeteners, and Confections and a chapter on Baked Products Batters and Dough is presented. A new section entitled Aspects of Food Processing covers information on Food Preservation, Food Additives, and Food Packaging. Food Safety and Government Regulation of the Food Supply and Labeling are also discussed in this text. As appropriate, each chapter discusses the nutritive value and safety issues of the highlighted commodity. The USDA My Plate is utilized throughout the chapters. A Conclusion, Glossary and further References as well as Bibliography are included in each chapter. Appendices at the end of the book include a variety of current topics such as Biotechnology, Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals, Phytochemicals, Medical Foods, USDA Choosemyplate.gov, Food Label Health Claims, Research Chefs Association certification, Human Nutrigenomics and New Product Development.

Functional Foods and Viral Diseases

Author : Danik M Martirosyan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (752 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Functional Foods and Viral Diseases by : Danik M Martirosyan

Download or read book Functional Foods and Viral Diseases written by Danik M Martirosyan and published by . This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists, public health experts, food producers and consumers have united to generate functional food research that allows the public to gain important knowledge on functional foods that will strengthen the immune system for combatting viral diseases, new research findings relating to the virus and public health strategies to prevent the spread of the viruses. This cornerstone guide, written by internationally recognized functional, medical, and bioactive food experts, covers the basics of functional food science. With more than 2,000 scientific references, this book provides scientists, medical doctors, nutritionists, food technologists, and students majoring in biology, nutrigenetic, food science fields, and public health professionals with a comprehensive and up-to-date examination of functional foods.This book provides modern information on functional food components, including antioxidants, dietary fibers, prebiotics, plant sterols, bioactive peptides, flavonoids, and many other phytochemicals. This text presents some of the latest developments in nutrigenomics, molecular biology, epidemiology, as well as the production, marketing, and distribution of functional foods. In this fourth edition of our textbook, our editorial board has included additional information and resources in order to enhance the learning experience of our readers. These additions include detailed editing of articles, new figures, tables, and pictures, end of chapter summaries for each chapter, test questions with answer keys at the end of each chapter, and an updated glossary with new key words. We believe that this edition will help our readers to better understand the new material and concepts of functional food science. In order to get the most out of this edition, it is recommended to read each chapter completely and to also review the summary paragraphs that conclude each chapter. These summaries lay out the main take-aways from the chapter and help to put the chapter as a whole into perspective. Also, the reader should complete the end of chapter test questions to make sure that the information is being retained and understood. Both of these components will assist the reader in studying and comprehending the material. There are many new words that have been updated in our glossary at the end of the textbook. These words can be found using the page numbers associated with them in order to find the chapter that contains them. These words have each been conveniently highlighted in the chapters so they may be easily located. It is to the readers' benefit to review these words in the glossary so that they may better understand the material in the chapters. The book is collective work of 41 scientists across the globe.