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Intimate Partner Violence As A Risk Factor For Incident Hiv Infection In Women In Rakai Uganda
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Book Synopsis Intimate Partner Violence as a Risk Factor for Incident HIV Infection in Women in Rakai, Uganda by : Fiona G. Kouyoumdjian
Download or read book Intimate Partner Violence as a Risk Factor for Incident HIV Infection in Women in Rakai, Uganda written by Fiona G. Kouyoumdjian and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Preventing Intimate Partner Violence in Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania by : National Research Council
Download or read book Preventing Intimate Partner Violence in Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-24 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globally, between 15-71 percent of women will experience physical and/or sexual abuse from an intimate partner at some point in their lifetime. Too often this preventable form of violence is repetitive in nature, occurring at multiple points across the lifespan. The prevalence of intimate partner violence is on the higher end of this spectrum in East Africa, with in-country demographic and health surveys indicating that approximately half of all women between the ages of 15-49 in Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania having experienced physical or sexual abuse within a partnership. It is now widely accepted that preventing intimate partner violence is possible and can be achieved through a greater understanding of the problem; its risk and protective factors; and effective evidence-informed primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. To that end, on August 11-12, 2014, the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Global Violence Prevention, in a collaborative partnership with the Uganda National Academy of Sciences, convened a workshop focused on informing and creating synergies within a diverse community of researchers, health workers, and decision makers committed to promoting intimate partner violence-prevention efforts that are innovative, evidence-based, and crosscutting. This workshop brought together a variety of stakeholders and community workers from Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania to engage in a meaningful, multidirectional dialogue regarding intimate partner violence in the region. Preventing Intimate Partner Violence in Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.
Book Synopsis Just Die Quietly, Domestic Violence and Women's Vulnerability to HIV in Uganda by : Lisa Karanja
Download or read book Just Die Quietly, Domestic Violence and Women's Vulnerability to HIV in Uganda written by Lisa Karanja and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 2003 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gender Dimensions of HIV Status Disclosure to Sexual Partners by : Suzanne Maman
Download or read book Gender Dimensions of HIV Status Disclosure to Sexual Partners written by Suzanne Maman and published by . This book was released on 2003-05 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review paper synthesizes the current information available on HIV status disclosure in terms of rates barriers and outcomes of HIV status disclosure among HIV-infected individuals. Particular emphasis is placed on women's experiences with disclosure to sexual partners. The report also aims to identify major barriers and describe programmatic and policy strategies that have been adopted to address these barriers and support women through the disclosure process.
Book Synopsis South African National HIV Prevalence, HIV Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey, 2005 by : Olive Shisana
Download or read book South African National HIV Prevalence, HIV Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey, 2005 written by Olive Shisana and published by HSRC Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A follow-up to the Nelson Mandela Foundation's 2002 national household survey of HIV/AIDS prevalence in South Africa, this 2005 report seeks to provide further understanding of the HIV pandemic. Using data that tested for HIV incidence rather than just using mortality statistics, this study looks at which socio-demographic groups are most vulnerab≤ whether new policies have been successful in fighting the disease; what exactly is being done by key players, such as the government, churches, and other civil society organizations; and how the spread of HIV can be reduced in South Africa.
Book Synopsis Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence by : Sandra Stith
Download or read book Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence written by Sandra Stith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stop intimate partner violence before it starts Intimate partner violence touches everyone. With more than 1 million cases reported each year, this pervasive social problem has devastating effects on victims, families, and communities. Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence presents a comprehensive overview of the wide range of efforts and approaches that have been successful in preventing physical, emotional, and verbal abuse. A growing frustration with the limits of therapeutic intervention and with the costs imposed on society by intimate partner violence has created a need for greater emphasis on state-of-the-art prevention programs that really work. Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence addresses the challenges of conducting and evaluating such programs, gaps that exist in programming and research, and future trends in those areas. A panel of domestic violence experts, researchers, and healthcare professionals examines how to change the ways individuals and the current health care system think about, and respond to, intimate partner violence; how to change the ways young people deal with anger in intimate relationships; and the ways society can support families to reduce the occurrence of violence in intimate relationships. Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence examines: identifying risk factors the cost-benefit of universal and targeted programs the effectiveness of parenting, stress management, and substance abuse programs community capacity theory community development social networks media and public awareness campaigns healthcare screening programs and much more Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence documents the effectiveness of prevention interventions, encouraging prevention specialists to use evidence-based interventions to enhance the effectiveness of their own work. This powerful book is an invaluable professional resource for social workers, family life educators, researchers, and practitioners.
Book Synopsis Intimate Partner Violence by : Connie Mitchell M.D.
Download or read book Intimate Partner Violence written by Connie Mitchell M.D. and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intimate partner violence is a challenging problem that health professionals encounter on a daily basis. This volume thoroughly compiles the current knowledge and health science and provides a strong foundation for students, educators, clinicians, and researchers on prevention, assessment, and intervention.
Book Synopsis Association Between Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Infection Among Married Indian Women in Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India by : Dhanalakshmi Thirumalai
Download or read book Association Between Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Infection Among Married Indian Women in Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India written by Dhanalakshmi Thirumalai and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevalence of HIV infection among Indian women is on the rise accounting for nearly 40% of all HIV infections in the country. This calls for further investigation since the majority of Indian women live in a monogamous marital relationship with no risk factors of their own. Intimate partner violence against women increases their risk of acquiring HIV, diminishes their ability to protect from HIV, and thwarts their access to care. Hence, we investigated the association between HIV and IPV among currently married Indian women. We conducted a case control study in Theni district of Tamil Nadu state in South India with 256 HIV+ve women and 507 HIV-ve women. We used two type of interviews, face to face interviews (FTFI) and Audio Computer Assisted Self Interviews (ACASI) to collect both sensitive as well as non-sensitive information from each participant. Our results showed that it is common for women to experience violence in the hands of intimate partners. HIV positive women were more likely to report lifetime sexual abuse (FTFI: AOR - 2.54, 95% CI: 1.11-5.82; ACASI: AOR - 3.31, 95% CI: 1.91-5.75) than HIV negative women. We found a positive association between HIV infection and the combined experience of physical and sexual abuse compared to no abuse (FTFI: RRR - 2.44, 95% CI 1.06-5.62; ACASI: RRR - 3.03, 95% CI: 1.76-5.21). Husband's alcohol use, husband's controlling behaviors, previous non-partner violence and IPV among parents were associated with women's experience of intimate partner abuse. Women who were HIV positive (ACASI: AOR - 2.02, 95% CI 1.08-3.74) and victims of previous IPV (FTFI: AOR - 9.88, 95% CI 5.37-18.18; ACASI: AOR - 7.26, 95% CI 3.70-14.21) were very likely to engage in violence against their husbands. HIV positive women with a previous history of partner abuse were also very likely to experience adverse reactions from their husbands following HIV disclosure (FTFI: AOR - 3.51, 95% CI: 1.66-7.42; ACASI: AOR - 2.74, 95% CI: 1.31-5.70). We found more number of women irrespective of their HIV status reporting positively for sensitive behaviors in ACASI than FTFI indicating that ACASI can be an efficient tool for collecting sensitive information.
Book Synopsis Childhood Trauma and HIV by : Laura E. Whitmire
Download or read book Childhood Trauma and HIV written by Laura E. Whitmire and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Book Synopsis WHO Multi-country Study on Women{146}s Health and Domestic Violence Against Women by :
Download or read book WHO Multi-country Study on Women{146}s Health and Domestic Violence Against Women written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Multi-Country Study, which began in 1997, aims to: Obtain reliable estimates of the prevalence of violence against women in different countries throughout the world, in a consistent, standardized manner which will allow for inter-country comparisons; Document the association between domestic violence against women and a range of health outcomes; Identify risk and protective factors for domestic violence against women, and compare them between settings; Explore and compare the coping strategies used by women experiencing domestic violence; Use the findings nationally and internationally to advocate for an increased response to domestic and sexual violence against women.
Book Synopsis Living with Globalization: The Intersection of Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Infection in Uganda by : Margaret Susan Winchester
Download or read book Living with Globalization: The Intersection of Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Infection in Uganda written by Margaret Susan Winchester and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV treatment intersect as synergistic vulnerabilities for women. This study examines how women in two regions of Uganda live with and respond to both issues in the context of globalization, including the perspectives of policy makers, service providers, and HIV positive women. Women in Uganda have few formal means of dealing with IPV, and even where services are available, they may choose not to seek help or disrupt their relationships. Most women who seek help do so informally, through family or local and religious leaders. Providers also have limited ability to assist women because of a lack of resources and the limited legal sanctions available. Legal sanctions for responding to women's needs are in transition, but currently limited in their effectiveness. All of the women in this study are already living with HIV and enrolled in treatment. Those who face or have experienced violence are faced with another set of challenges. IPV frequently occurs in conjunction with economic difficulties, alcohol use, and polygamous marital practices within a home. Women only have legal rights for maintenance in formal marriages, but many are in informal or polygamous partnerships. Women in this study are part of an emerging era of HIV, in which HIV can be lived with as a chronic disease. Globalization impacts their daily experiences through the availability of life-saving treatment. In this context women's concerns are frequently outside the purview of health. They have a previously unknown luxury of being able to "not worry" on a daily basis about maintaining their health. Economic concerns are of the utmost importance and when women are deprived of resources from their partners in acts of economic violence they are more likely to seek assistance than when experiencing physical or sexual violence. This work contributes to the anthropological literature on globalization and health, HIV, and IPV. Women's experiences of both HIV and intimate partner violence in the Ugandan context are mitigated by global processes, local politics, service provision, cultural ideologies and interpersonal relationships.
Book Synopsis Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey 2011 by :
Download or read book Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey 2011 written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Poverty in a Rising Africa by : Kathleen Beegle
Download or read book Poverty in a Rising Africa written by Kathleen Beegle and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perceptions of Africa have changed dramatically. Viewed as a continent of wars, famines and entrenched poverty in the late 1990s, there is now a focus on “Africa rising†? and an “African 21st century.†? Two decades of unprecedented economic growth in Africa should have brought substantial improvements in well-being. Whether or not they did, remains unclear given the poor quality of the data, the nature of the growth process (especially the role of natural resources), conflicts that affect part of the region, and high population growth. Poverty in a Rising Africa documents the data challenges and systematically reviews the evidence on poverty from monetary and nonmonetary perspectives, as well as a focus on dimensions of inequality. Chapter 1 maps out the availability and quality of the data needed to track monetary poverty, reflects on the governance and political processes that underpin the current situation with respect to data production, and describes some approaches to addressing the data gaps. Chapter 2 evaluates the robustness of the estimates of poverty in Africa. It concludes that poverty reduction in Africa may be slightly greater than traditional estimates suggest, although even the most optimistic estimates of poverty reduction imply that more people lived in poverty in 2012 than in 1990. A broad-stroke profile of poverty and trends in poverty in the region is presented. Chapter 3 broadens the view of poverty by considering nonmonetary dimensions of well-being, such as education, health, and freedom, using Sen's (1985) capabilities and functioning approach. While progress has been made in a number of these areas, levels remain stubbornly low. Chapter 4 reviews the evidence on inequality in Africa. It looks not only at patterns of monetary inequality in Africa but also other dimensions, including inequality of opportunity, intergenerational mobility in occupation and education, and extreme wealth in Africa.
Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Intimate Partner Violence, Unprotected Sex, and Detectable Plasma Viral Load in HIV-positive Female Sex Workers in Kenya by : Kate S. Wilson
Download or read book The Relationship Between Intimate Partner Violence, Unprotected Sex, and Detectable Plasma Viral Load in HIV-positive Female Sex Workers in Kenya written by Kate S. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The studies in this dissertation examine the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV), unprotected sex, and behaviors related to transmission risk in HIV-positive female sex workers, (FSWs) in Kenya. This work includes: 1) prevalence and correlates of IPV in the past year, 2) a prospective study of recent IPV as a risk factor for unprotected sex, and 3) a prospective study of recent IPV as a risk factor for detectable plasma viral load. Findings from our parallel qualitative study of IPV are also included. Intimate partner violence, including physical, emotional, and sexual violence by an emotional partner, is associated with many negative health outcomes, including HIV. The relationship between IPV and adverse health outcomes in FSWs in Africa is less clear. In HIV-positive FSWs, exposure to IPV may impede the success of new HIV prevention and treatment strategies designed to improve health and reduce secondary HIV transmission risk. We found that 80% of women had "emotional" partners and that 14.6% reported IPV in the past year (95% confidence interval (CI) 10.9-18.2%). Women's alcohol use problems and partner controlling behaviors were significant correlates of recent IPV. There was a significant positive association between recent IPV and unprotected sex by self-report (adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.91, 95% CI: 1.32-2.78) and semen biomarker (aRR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.17-2.04). Unexpectedly, recent IPV was associated with significantly lower risk of detectable viral load (aRR 0.21, 95% CI: 0.05-0.86). Our qualitative research suggests that this association was likely due to unmeasured factors including women's resilience, relationship characteristics, and social support. These combined results signal the complexity of the relationship between IPV and HIV treatment outcomes in this population. Results from this dissertation have the potential to inform new comprehensive HIV treatment and prevention strategies for FSWs that support their health and rights. Empowerment-based behavioral interventions to reduce IPV, high-risk alcohol use, and unprotected sex should be evaluated as HIV prevention strategies. Further research is necessary to identify new intervention targets to improve treatment outcomes and well-being in this key population.
Book Synopsis Prevalence and Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence in HIV-seropositive Women in Serodiscordant Relationships by : Anne Kaggiah
Download or read book Prevalence and Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence in HIV-seropositive Women in Serodiscordant Relationships written by Anne Kaggiah and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intimate partner violence (IPV), is behavior within an intimate relationship that causes physical, sexual, or emotional harm. It is the most common form of gender based violence (GBV) and is a major public health problem, with a global and African prevalence of 30% and 37%, respectively. This was a cross-sectional analysis that enrolled HIV-seropositive women in serodiscordant relationships who were at least 18 years of age and provided a written informed consent to participate in the study. Participants were asked 13 questions adapted from the World Health Organization survey on violence against women about physical, sexual, or emotional violence in the past year, by the current partner. Correlates of IPV were assessed using standardized instruments. To estimate the association between correlates and past year IPV, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used. Overall, 47/159 (29.6%, 95% CI 22.9-37.2%) reported experiencing IPV in the past year. In the multivariate analysis, pregnancy (aOR 9.78, 1.98-48.26), male partner controlling behavior (aOR 3.18, 1.44-7.03), past physical violence by someone other than the current partner (aOR 3.78, 1.32-10.78) and alcohol use (minimal aOR 3.78, 1.45- 9.87, moderate/high aOR 1.12, 0.20-6.14), were associated with higher likelihood of reporting IPV in the past year. Programs caring for HIV-positive women in serodiscordant relationships should consider screening these women for IPV. Additionally, the study identified a potential period of risk (pregnancy), an identifiable risk factor (previous violence), and potentially modifiable behaviors of women and their partners (alcohol use and partner controlling behavior) that were associated with a greater likelihood of IPV in the past year.
Book Synopsis Intimate Partner Violence Among HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative Pregnant Women Receiving Partner Services in Kisumu, Kenya by : Linda N. Oseso
Download or read book Intimate Partner Violence Among HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative Pregnant Women Receiving Partner Services in Kisumu, Kenya written by Linda N. Oseso and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of violence amongst women. IPV experienced during pregnancy can expose women and their babies to fatal and non-fatal adverse outcomes. This study assessed socio-demographic factors associated with current or past intimate partner violence to better identify women who are at risk or those currently experiencing IPV. Methods: We evaluated the prevalence, incidence and correlates of lifetime IPV and IPV in the past 6 months and past month in pregnant women seeking antenatal care at the Kisumu County Hospital in Kisumu, Kenya. This study is a nested analysis within the Home-based Partner Education and Testing (HOPE) Study, which was a randomized trial with the aim of increasing the uptake of interventions to improve maternal and child health and reduce vertical and heterosexual HIV transmission. We conducted both a nested cross-sectional and cohort analysis, using data from standardized questionnaires to assess participant self-reported IPV by their current partner at baseline and at 6-months postpartum where women were asked about IPV that had happened after the baseline visit. A woman was classified as having experienced IPV if she reported that her husband/partner had physically hurt her or forced her to participate in sexual activities that made her feel uncomfortable. Associations between baseline IPV, incident IPV and the correlates were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistics regressions. Results: Overall, among 1101 women screened, 929 (84%) reported never having experienced IPV; 73 (7%) reported having experienced IPV at least once in their lifetime, but not in the past 6 months (Lifetime IPV); 45 (4%) reported IPV in the past 6 months, but not in the past month (6 month IPV); and 54 (5%) reported IPV in the past month (1 month IPV). Women who reported IPV in the past month were found to have a higher gravidity, reported more lifetime sexual partners, were more likely to be in a polygamous marriage, and were less likely to have completed secondary school or higher, had higher incomes, and were more likely to report having been threatened or frightened by their current partner. When assessing incident IPV we found that women who reported IPV in the past 6 months at baseline were at 4-fold higher risk of experiencing IPV in the 6-month post-partum period (OR=4.39; 95% CI: 1.61, 11.99). This association remained after adjustment for lifetime sexual partners, marital status, educational level, and being threatened or frightened by current partner (OR= 3.89; 95% CI:1.34-11.28; p = 0.01). A prior primary paper of the HOPE study found that home-based partner testing was not associated with IPV. Conclusions: Women who self-reported experiencing IPV within the past 6 months at their antenatal visit were at a 4-fold greater risk of incident IPV in the late antepartum and postpartum periods. Screening for recent IPV may be an effective means of identifying women at risk of IPV in the near future following an antenatal visit. It may be possible to target efforts to prevent IPV on these women. Further studies focused on assessing the incidence of IPV among pregnant women need to be conducted making sure to collect sociodemographic factors about the partner as these are very important in assessing the correlates of intimate partner violence.
Author :National Research Council (U.S.). Panel on Data and Research Priorities for Arresting AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa Publisher :National Academies ISBN 13 : Total Pages :36 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (375 download)
Book Synopsis Preventing and Mitigating AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa by : National Research Council (U.S.). Panel on Data and Research Priorities for Arresting AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa
Download or read book Preventing and Mitigating AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa written by National Research Council (U.S.). Panel on Data and Research Priorities for Arresting AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AIDS epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa continues to affect all facets of life throughout the subcontinent. Deaths related to AIDS have driven down the life expectancy rate of residents in Zambia, Kenya, and Uganda with far-reaching implications. This book details the current state of the AIDS epidemic in Africa and what is known about the behaviors that contribute to the transmission of the HIV infection. It lays out what research is needed and what is necessary to design more effective prevention programs.
