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Intervertebral Disc Regeneration
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Book Synopsis Cells and Biomaterials for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration by : Sibylle Grad
Download or read book Cells and Biomaterials for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration written by Sibylle Grad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disorders related to the intervertebral disc (IVD) are common causes of morbidity and of severe life quality deterioration. IVD degeneration, although in many cases asymptomatic, is often the origin of painful neck and back diseases. In Western societies IVD related pain and disability account for enormous health care costs as a result of work absenteeism and thus lost production, disability benefits, medical and insurance expenses. Although only a small percentage of patients with disc disorders finally will undergo surgery, spinal surgery has been one of the fastest growing disciplines in the musculoskeletal field in recent years. Nevertheless, current treatment options are still a matter of controversial discussion. In particular, they hardly can restore normal spine biomechanics and prevent degeneration of adjacent tissues. While degeneration affects all areas of the IVD, the most constant and noticeable changes occur in the gel-like central part, the nucleus pulposus (NP). Recent emphasis has therefore been put in biological ways to regenerate the NP; however, there are a number of obstacles to overcome, considering the exceptional biological and biomechanical environment of this tissue. Different biological approaches such as molecular, gene, and cell based therapies have been investigated and have shown promising results in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Nonetheless, considerable hurdles still exist in their application for IVD regeneration in human patients. The choice of the cells and the choice of the cell carrier suitable for implantation pose major challenges for research and development activities. This lecture recapitulates the basics of IVD structure, function, and degeneration mechanisms. The first part reviews the recent progress in the field of disc and stem cell based regenerative approaches. In the second part, most appropriate biomaterials that have been evaluated as cell or molecule carrier to cope with degenerative disc disease are outlined. The potential and limitations of cell- and biomaterial-based treatment strategies and perspectives for future clinical applications are discussed. Table of Contents: Cell Therapy for Nucleus Pulposus Regeneration / Recent Advances in Biomaterial Based Tissue Engineering for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration
Book Synopsis Cells and Biomaterials for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration by : Sibylle Grad
Download or read book Cells and Biomaterials for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration written by Sibylle Grad and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disorders related to the intervertebral disc (IVD) are common causes of morbidity and of severe life quality deterioration. IVD degeneration, although in many cases asymptomatic, is often the origin of painful neck and back diseases. In Western societies IVD related pain and disability account for enormous health care costs as a result of work absenteeism and thus lost production, disability benefits, medical and insurance expenses. Although only a small percentage of patients with disc disorders finally will undergo surgery, spinal surgery has been one of the fastest growing disciplines in the musculoskeletal field in recent years. Nevertheless, current treatment options are still a matter of controversial discussion. In particular, they hardly can restore normal spine biomechanics and prevent degeneration of adjacent tissues. While degeneration affects all areas of the IVD, the most constant and noticeable changes occur in the gel-like central part, the nucleus pulposus (NP). Recent emphasis has therefore been put in biological ways to regenerate the NP; however, there are a number of obstacles to overcome, considering the exceptional biological and biomechanical environment of this tissue. Different biological approaches such as molecular, gene, and cell based therapies have been investigated and have shown promising results in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Nonetheless, considerable hurdles still exist in their application for IVD regeneration in human patients. The choice of the cells and the choice of the cell carrier suitable for implantation pose major challenges for research and development activities. This lecture recapitulates the basics of IVD structure, function, and degeneration mechanisms. The first part reviews the recent progress in the field of disc and stem cell based regenerative approaches. In the second part, most appropriate biomaterials that have been evaluated as cell or molecule carrier to cope with degenerative disc disease are outlined. The potential and limitations of cell- and biomaterial-based treatment strategies and perspectives for future clinical applications are discussed. Table of Contents: Cell Therapy for Nucleus Pulposus Regeneration / Recent Advances in Biomaterial Based Tissue Engineering for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration
Book Synopsis Intervertebral Disc Regeneration by : Benjamin Gantenbein
Download or read book Intervertebral Disc Regeneration written by Benjamin Gantenbein and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a brief snapshot of recent research on the subject of intervertebral disc degeneration and how this specific organ could be regenerated. It provides stimuli to the reader in representing research from different angles in this cross-disciplinary field of spine surgeons, mechanical engineers and biologists. In particular, it is instructive as to how disc herniations could be successfully induced in vitro and, also, to how novel cell-based therapies using rare autochthonous stem cells could potentially be used in the future.
Book Synopsis Biological Approaches to Spinal Disc Repair and Regeneration for Clinicians by : Roger Haertl
Download or read book Biological Approaches to Spinal Disc Repair and Regeneration for Clinicians written by Roger Haertl and published by Thieme. This book was released on 2017-06-30 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Top Experts Share Clinical Insights on Biological Interventions for Spine-Related Disease Although there have been significant advancements in minimally invasive spinal surgery techniques in the last few decades, optimal outcomes for chronic low back pain remain elusive. A number of promising clinical trials have been conducted using tissue engineering and biological interventions for disc degeneration. Written by renowned innovators, this is the first book that covers implementation of these groundbreaking approaches for disc disease. The text begins with key fundamentals including anatomy and physiology, pathophysiology, imaging and biomechanics to delineate healthy versus diseased spine. Subsequent sections discuss treatment strategies, research findings, and future developments. Throughout each chapter, renowned spine surgeons and scientists share clinical pearls gleaned from hands-on experience. Key Highlights The current state of the art in biological and tissue engineering procedures for spinal disorders Treatment methodologies including nucleus replacement and repair, annulus fibrosus repair, total disc transplantation, and mechanical total disc replacement Innovative treatment strategies for disc regeneration, such as genes and proteins Growth factors including platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which has shown promise for the stimulation and acceleration of bone and soft tissue healing Cell-based therapy for spinal disc regeneration and repair including the use of stem cells and chondrocytes In-depth discussion of research including animal versus human model, in-vitro, and a summary of biologic clinical trials This is a must-have resource for trainee and practicing orthopaedic surgeons and neurosurgeons who treat patients for spine-related conditions. It is essential reading for all clinicians who have an interest in cutting-edge tissue engineering and biological treatment interventions.
Book Synopsis The Intervertebral Disc by : Irving M. Shapiro
Download or read book The Intervertebral Disc written by Irving M. Shapiro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-02 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intervertebral disc is a complex structure that separates opposing vertebrae, permits a wide range of motion, and accommodates high biomechanical forces. Disc degeneration leads to a loss of function and is often associated with excruciating pain. Written by leading scientists and clinicians, the first part of the book provides a review of the basic biology of the disc in health and disease. The second part considers strategies to mitigate the effects of disc degeneration and discusses the possibility of engineering replacement tissues. The final section is devoted to approaches to model normal development and elucidate the pathogenesis of degenerative disc disease using animal, organ and cell culture techniques. The book bridges the gap between the basic and clinical sciences; the target audience includes basic scientists, orthopaedists and neurologists, while at the same time appealing to the needs of graduate students, medical students, interns and fellows.
Book Synopsis Intervertebral Disc Regeneration Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells by : Fan Yang
Download or read book Intervertebral Disc Regeneration Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells written by Fan Yang and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Intervertebral Disc Regeneration Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells: a Mouse Model Study" by 楊帆, Fan, Yang, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled "Intervertebral disc regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells ─A mouse model study" Submitted by Fan Yang For the degree of Doctor of philosophy At the University of Hong Kong in August, 2007 Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a common disease which affects millions of people. The causes of DDD include genetics, injury and smoking; however the underlying pathogenesis of this disease is still not very clear. Lack of the suitable animal models which can truly simulate human DDD is part of the difficulties to study the mechanism of disc degeneration. The biological therapies of DDD include protein therapy, gene therapy and cellular therapy. Compared with other traditional therapeutics, stem cell therapy is a potential regenerative method which could replace the dysfunctional disc cells and restore the function of the intervertebral discs. Some previous studies using large animals have shown that the autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) could be beneficial to the degenerated disc. But the mechanism of this regeneration is still largely unknown. The scanty of molecular tools and markers hindered the research in this area. Therefore, the objective of this project is to investigate whether BMSC could be beneficial to the murine degenerative intervertebral discs. If the regenerative effect was obtained, the molecular mechanism of regeneration will be dissected using available molecular tools. In order to attain this purpose we firstly established a simple mouse tail model of DDD using a puncturing method. The caudal murine discs were punctured with 31G needle under the microscopic guidance. Disc height analysis and histology confirmed the induced degeneration was successful and progressive degenerative process was observed from 1 to 12 weeks after the puncture. The expression of Col2a1, aggrecan and Sox 9 of the whole disc decreased continuously; Col1a1 increased from 1 to 6 weeks and decreased at 12 weeks. All these data supported that this murine model had some similarities with human DDD and could be used for the evaluation of the effect of BMSC. In the next step we injected allogenic BMSC isolated from green fluorescent protein (GFP) mouse into the degenerated murine discs. The histology and the x-ray analysis showed that the injury induced degenerative process was delayed from 4 to 24 weeks after the injection of the BMSC. The expression of Col2a1, aggrecan and Sox9 increased in the regenerated disc. Type II collagen increased continuously in the regenerated nucleus pulposus. The number of GFP positive cells which express Col2a1 increased during this regeneration process, suggesting that the chondrocytic differentiation of BMSC was involved in this regeneration process. The increased expression of Col2a1 by differentiated stem cells contributes to the regeneration of the intervertebral disc. In conclusion, a simple mouse model of DDD was established to evaluate the therapeutic effect of BMSC. It was promising to observe that the progressive degeneration was delayed by the injected stem cells. The in vivo chondrocytic differentiation of the BMSC contributes to this structural restoration of the intervertebral discs. The results of this project provided further evidence that in vivo differentiation of the stem cells is an important aspect of the regenerative mechanisms. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3955697 Subjects: Interve
Book Synopsis The Disc and Degenerative Disc Disease by : Luigi Manfrè
Download or read book The Disc and Degenerative Disc Disease written by Luigi Manfrè and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-05 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This easy-to-consult guide examines the most advanced techniques in the radiological evaluation of the disc and degenerative disc disease, using conventional, functional, dynamic and advanced imaging. It provides clear information on a range of CT, X-ray, and MRI guided techniques, presents all disc treatments in connection with symptomatic disc herniations, evaluates conservative, chemical (ESI, steroid, Ozone, ethanol gel injections) and physical treatments (coblation, laser, decompressors, endoscopy), and assesses the possibility of repairing and/or regenerating the disc in the context of reversible disc degeneration. Like other books in the Springer series New Procedures in Spinal Interventional Neuroradiology, this practice-oriented volume will fill a significant gap in the literature and meet the need expressed by many specialists (interventional neuroradiologists and radiologists, neurosurgeons, and orthopedists) for a topical and handy guide that specifically illustrates the currently available materials and methods.
Book Synopsis Intervertebral Disc Regeneration by Use of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells by : Grace Ho
Download or read book Intervertebral Disc Regeneration by Use of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells written by Grace Ho and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Intervertebral Disc Regeneration by Use of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells" by Grace, Ho, 何秀慧, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of the thesis entitled INTERVERTEBRAL DISC REGENERATION BY USE OF AUTOLOGOUS MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS submitted by Ho Grace for the degree of Master of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong in February 2005 Intervertebral disc degeneration is prevalent and is often associated with low back pain and reduced productivity. The etiology of this multi-factorial, age-related disease is not well defined. Disc degeneration is characterized by a reduction in cell density and a decreased in both the proteoglycan and water content. The consequent loss of shock- absorbing capacity results in its structural failure and back pain. The current treatments aim at alleviating the pain symptoms without targeting at the underlying problem. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are derived from the bone marrow and are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell types of different lineages. Because of their unique characteristics, MSCs may be able to repopulate an aging disc population and halt disc degeneration when placed in a local niche that induce the differentiation of MSCs into disc-like cells and secrete disc-like extracellular matrix components. In a pilot study, I demonstrated the persistence of MSCs throughout the three disc compartments (the nucleus pulposus, the annulus fibrosus and the endplate) 12 weeks post-implantation. The MSCs intermingled with endogenous host cells, displaying similar cell morphology and surrounding extracellular matrix composition. To determine the effectiveness of MSCs in treating disc degeneration, a slowly progressive and reproducible animal model of disc degeneration was developed by puncturing the annulus fibrosus percutaneously. By semi-quantitative histological analysis, it was observed that MSCs were able to halt or retard degeneration of the more severely degenerated discs. The data further suggests that the regenerative potential of the MSCs is dependent on the severity of disc degeneration. Radiological analysis suggests that intervertebral disc height, an important consequence of disc degeneration, can be maintained simply by the insertion of a gelatin scaffold, whereas MSCs alone appears to be unable to secrete sufficient matrix to restore this height. Although the collagen-rich scaffold, by itself, was unable to reconstitute the extracellular matrix composition of the disc. Taken together, our experiments suggest that for the best regenerative potential, both cells and scaffold are likely required. An ideal scaffold should allow the restoration of the delicate balance of proteoglycan and collagen content, apart from providing mechanical properties and cell anchorage. Besides demonstrating that the direct MSCs therapy is highly feasible, these observations have profound impact on their application to treat intervertebral disc degeneration in human patients. The timing of stem cell therapy becomes very critical. The degree of the disc degeneration and the type of scaffolds that warrants the best results from the stem cell-based therapy would have to be further investigated. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3154161 Subjects: Stem cells Intervertebral disk - Diseases - Treatment
Book Synopsis Mesenchymal Stem Cells by : Phuc Van Pham
Download or read book Mesenchymal Stem Cells written by Phuc Van Pham and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Isolation, Characterization, and Applications thoroughly presents the isolation, characterization, and some applications of mesenchymal stem cells in the clinic. The book has two parts: "Isolation and Characterization" and "Clinical Perspectives and Applications." In Part I, the subsequent chapters introduce some techniques in isolation, characterization, and purification of mesenchymal stem cells in different tissues. In Part II, some applications of mesenchymal stem cells in the popular diseases, which include cartilage regeneration, spinal cord injury, and osteoarthritis, are discussed. This book provides a succinct yet comprehensive overview of mesenchymal stem cells for advanced students, graduate students, and researchers.
Book Synopsis Intervertebral Disc Cell Therapy for Regeneration by : Gwen Crevensten
Download or read book Intervertebral Disc Cell Therapy for Regeneration written by Gwen Crevensten and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Intervertebral Disc Regeneration by Use of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells by : Grace Ho
Download or read book Intervertebral Disc Regeneration by Use of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells written by Grace Ho and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Finding What Works in Health Care by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Finding What Works in Health Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-07-20 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Healthcare decision makers in search of reliable information that compares health interventions increasingly turn to systematic reviews for the best summary of the evidence. Systematic reviews identify, select, assess, and synthesize the findings of similar but separate studies, and can help clarify what is known and not known about the potential benefits and harms of drugs, devices, and other healthcare services. Systematic reviews can be helpful for clinicians who want to integrate research findings into their daily practices, for patients to make well-informed choices about their own care, for professional medical societies and other organizations that develop clinical practice guidelines. Too often systematic reviews are of uncertain or poor quality. There are no universally accepted standards for developing systematic reviews leading to variability in how conflicts of interest and biases are handled, how evidence is appraised, and the overall scientific rigor of the process. In Finding What Works in Health Care the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends 21 standards for developing high-quality systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research. The standards address the entire systematic review process from the initial steps of formulating the topic and building the review team to producing a detailed final report that synthesizes what the evidence shows and where knowledge gaps remain. Finding What Works in Health Care also proposes a framework for improving the quality of the science underpinning systematic reviews. This book will serve as a vital resource for both sponsors and producers of systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research.
Book Synopsis Intervertebral Disc Regeneration II by : Benjamin Gantenbein
Download or read book Intervertebral Disc Regeneration II written by Benjamin Gantenbein and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2023-07-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second volume on the subject of intervertebral disc (IVD) regeneration ranges from in vitro IVD cell culture studies on cytokines, such as TGFβ3, GDF5, GDF6, ANG1, and ANG2, to diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) to novel advances in the diagnosis of painful discs in reports using natural language processing (NLP). This diverse issue consists of seven articles that provide a comprehensive overview of recently applied research insights. Three original articles focus on the effects of cytokines in primary cell culture. Then, two original articles report on transcriptomics data, i.e., single-cell RNA-sequencing data of in vivo rat animal models of IVD degeneration, and human prime PCR data comparing trauma versus DISH-IVDs. One original article addresses the correct diagnosis of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) in scoliotic patients, and another original article addresses the usage of NLP to improve the diagnosis of painful IVDs. The Special Issue is concluded with a review on the importance of the relatively recent "hot topic" of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for regenerative purposes in IVDs.
Book Synopsis Adipose Stem Cells and Intervertebral Disc Regeneration: Role of the Microenvironment by : ZuFu Lu
Download or read book Adipose Stem Cells and Intervertebral Disc Regeneration: Role of the Microenvironment written by ZuFu Lu and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Current Techniques in Canine and Feline Neurosurgery by : Andy Shores
Download or read book Current Techniques in Canine and Feline Neurosurgery written by Andy Shores and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-08-31 with total page 887 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Techniques in Canine and Feline Neurosurgery offers state-of-the-art, detailed guidance on performing neurosurgical techniques in dogs and cats, from indications and surgical anatomy to procedures and post-operative care. Presents an up-to-date, detailed reference on veterinary neurosurgery techniques, covering skills ranging from basic to advanced Provides guidance on why, when, and how to perform neurosurgical procedures Includes information on diagnostic evaluation, surgical planning, and instrumentation as well as step-by-step descriptions of specific procedures Copublished with the American College of Veterinary Surgeons Foundation and American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine Offers video clips on a companion website
Book Synopsis Tissue Engineering For Degenerative Intervertebral Discs by : Jun Zou
Download or read book Tissue Engineering For Degenerative Intervertebral Discs written by Jun Zou and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-03-08 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low back pain is a common disorder in the clinical treatment of the Department of Orthopedics. Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration is a main reason for the chronic pain and the process is difficult to reverse. Traditional treatment methods include conservative treatment and surgical treatment. Although the clinical symptoms caused by intervertebral disc degeneration can be alleviated to a certain extent, these treatment methods do not solve the fundamental issues and they also produce corresponding complications. The rise of tissue engineering technology and its applications in different fields have brought new ideas for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. This book discusses the fundamentals as well as more recent developments in stem cell therapy and tissue engineering technology and offers an alternative for treating degeneration of intervertebral discs.
Book Synopsis Short Link N Can Induce Regeneration of the Early Degenerative Intervertebral Disc by : Nizar Algarni
Download or read book Short Link N Can Induce Regeneration of the Early Degenerative Intervertebral Disc written by Nizar Algarni and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Introduction: Link N (DHLSDNYTLDHDRAIH), is a naturally occurring peptide that can stimulate matrix production in vitro, in vivo and in intact ex vivo human intervertebral discs (IVDs). We have recently discovered that annulus fibrosus cells (AF) cells have the ability to proteolytically process Link N resulting in a fragment spanning amino acid residues 1-8 (US Patent # 61870394) - short Link N (sLink N). Our in vitro data indicates that the biologically active sequence is preserved within this fragment and, thus, sLink N could represent a potential stable growth factor able to stimulate disc repair. Separately, we developed a long-term organ culture model with vertebral bone. The aim of the present study was to determine the potential of sLink N on tissue repair in the degenerate discs with vertebrae. Materials and Methods: Caudal IVDs from the tails of 20-24 months old steers were isolated with adjacent vertebral bone. IVDs with trypsin-induced degeneration were treated with sLink N. Trypsin-treated discs were also injected with PBS to serve as a degeneration control. The extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and proteoglycans were extracted from the inner nucleus pulposus of the discs and sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were analyzed by the dimethyl methylene blue (DMMB) dye-binding assay. The expression of aggrecan and type II collagen was analyzed by western blot. After a 4 week culture period, samples were taken across the disc using a 4 mm biopsy punch. Cell viability was analyzed using a live/dead fluorescence assay (Live/Dead®, Invitrogen) and visualized by confocal microscopy. Histological analysis was used to evaluate proteoglycan distribution within the repaired tissue. Results: The GAG content significantly increased compared to the degeneration control when degenerate discs were treated with sLink N. Histological analysis revealed that the newly synthesized proteoglycan was able to diffuse throughout the ECM and restore tissue content even in areas remote from the cells. The quantity of extractable type II collagen and aggrecan was also increased when the degenerate discs were treated sLink N. Conclusion: sLink N can restore GAG content in degenerate discs and increase the expression of type II collagen and aggrecan. The results support the concept that biological repair of disc degeneration is feasible, and that the administration of sLink N has therapeutic potential in early stages of the disease. Finally, we have used a novel long term whole organ culture system with adjacent vertebrae for studying the degeneration and regeneration of the IVD." --
