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Institutional And Entrepreneurial Leadership In The Brazilian Science And Technology Sector
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Book Synopsis Institutional and Entrepreneurial Leadership in the Brazilian Science and Technology Sector by : Lauritz Holm-Nielsen
Download or read book Institutional and Entrepreneurial Leadership in the Brazilian Science and Technology Sector written by Lauritz Holm-Nielsen and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 325.Reviews the main components of policy reform strategies, drawn from a case study of Brazil, that are designed to increase the efficiency of investments in science and technology. The paper is a summary of the viewpoints expressed by Brazilian science policymakers and their international colleagues at a workshop on science and technology reform in Brazil, held in Washington, D.C., May 1996.
Book Synopsis Macroeconomic Reform in China by : Jiwei Lou
Download or read book Macroeconomic Reform in China written by Jiwei Lou and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China is in the throes of two transitions: from a command economy to a market-based one and from a rural, agricultural society to an urban, industrial one. So far, both transitions have been spectacularly successful. China is the fastest-growing economy in the world, with per capita incomes more than quadrupling since 1978, achieving in two generations what took other countries centuries. Although swift growth and structural change have resolved many problems, they also have created new challenges: employment insecurity, growing inequality, stubborn poverty, mounting environmental pressures, rising costs of food self-sufficiency, and periods of macroeconomic instability stemming from incomplete reforms. Unmet, these challenges could undermine the sustainability of growth, and Chinas promise could fade. China 2020, a seven-volume set, examines China's recent history, where it is today, and the path it should follow during the first two decades of the 21st century. The volume in the set entitled, Clear Water, Blue Skies: Chinas Environment in the New Century explores the relationship between economic growth and the environment. Chapters review the harmful effects of all forms of pollution and discuss ways of securing higher environmental living standards. Particular attention is given to urban areas and the impact of pollution on health conditions.
Book Synopsis Empowering Small Enterprises in Zimbabwe by : Kapil Kapoor
Download or read book Empowering Small Enterprises in Zimbabwe written by Kapil Kapoor and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IFC Lessons of Experience Series No. 5. The project experience accumulated by the International Finance Corporation (IFC) provides a basis for analyzing the way in which the investment framework has changed over time in developing countries and the implications for the success and efficiency of foreign direct investment (FDI) ventures. This report discusses the growth of FDI in the world economy and its role in emerging markets, describes the role of IFC in providing policy advice related to FDI (and the IFC's experience as an investor alongside FDI in developing countries), and draws lessons for how to structure FDI projects and policies to attract such investments. Annexes present and describe global FDI flows, FDI projects involving IFC investment and FIAS advisory assignments, and FDI projects examined in preparing this study. Also available: French (0-8213-4212-6) Stock No. 14212; Spanish (0-8213-4213-4) Stock No. 14213.
Book Synopsis Poverty, Social Services, and Safety Nets in Vietnam by : Nicholas M. Prescott
Download or read book Poverty, Social Services, and Safety Nets in Vietnam written by Nicholas M. Prescott and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 374. China's far-ranging program of macroeconomic reform affects monetary, financial, fiscal, and exchange rate policies as well as institution building. This book contains papers produced from 1992 to 1994 by China's Department of Macroeconomic Regulation Studies (DMRS), under the direction of the System Restructuring Commission. These include reports and essays on Chinese macroeconomic policy and reforms carried out or led by the DMRS, reflecting the key issues and debates of this period. The papers provide a history of the departments work, corrects some misunderstandings, and constitutes a record of experiences that may be useful for future studies on economic reform and policy initiatives.
Book Synopsis The East Asian Miracle and Information Technology by : Nagy Hanna
Download or read book The East Asian Miracle and Information Technology written by Nagy Hanna and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 326.Draws on the successful experiences of five East Asian economies--Japan, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan (China), and Hong Kong--to show how they have exploited the opportunities made possible by the information technology revolution and built sustainable competitive advantages in many high-value-added industries and services. The study examines the role of government in unleashing private-sector response, promoting the information technology industry, diffusing technology, and focusing resources on strategic elements of the national information infrastructure. It also explores the role of the private sector in influencing the development and use of the new technologies.
Book Synopsis World Bank HIV/AIDS Interventions by : Julia Dayton
Download or read book World Bank HIV/AIDS Interventions written by Julia Dayton and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AIDS epidemic is one of the greatest development challenges of the 20th century. Since 1986, the World Bank has supported member countries' efforts to fight the epidemic in many ways including committing over US$550 million to HIV/AIDS prevention and mitigation efforts. This paper, the first comprehensive study of all World Bank HIV/AIDS-related activities, assesses the appropriateness of Bank interventions from the perspective of public economies and reviews the economic evaluation and implementation of projects.
Book Synopsis China's Urban Transport Development Strategy by : Stephen Stares
Download or read book China's Urban Transport Development Strategy written by Stephen Stares and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 352. Presents the proceedings of the China Urban Transport Symposium, held in Beijing, November 9-11, 1995, jointly sponsored by China's Ministry of Construction and Ministry of Finance, the People's Bank of China, the World Bank, and the Asian Development Bank. The symposium addressed a wide range of topics, including motor vehicle pollution, urban transport management and planning, bicycles in cities, mass rapid transit, public transit reform, and the role of the private sector.
Book Synopsis The Regulation of Non-bank Financial Institutions by : Anjali Kumar
Download or read book The Regulation of Non-bank Financial Institutions written by Anjali Kumar and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 362. There has been tremendous growth worldwide in the mobilization of financial resources outside traditional banking systems. Channeled mainly through capital markets, such rapid financial diversification is posing new challenges for regulators in many emerging markets. This document describes the various aspects and implications of this growth, reviews the regulatory framework adopted in some mature market economies, including the United States and the European Union, and discusses regulatory issues in emerging markets.
Book Synopsis China's Non-bank Financial Institutions by : Anjali Kumar
Download or read book China's Non-bank Financial Institutions written by Anjali Kumar and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spanish excerpts from World Bank Technical Paper No. 280 (English), Stock no. 13206.
Book Synopsis Preventing Banking Sector Distress and Crises in Latin America by : Suman K. Bery
Download or read book Preventing Banking Sector Distress and Crises in Latin America written by Suman K. Bery and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 361. Education has emerged as an essential component of the transition to a market economy in Central and Eastern Europe. Although the countries of the region inherited broadly accessible education systems, the legacies of central planning have constrained the systems from fully adjusting to market economies. This study examines empirical trends in access to and financing of education in nine Central and East European countries by drawing on the findings of a World Bank project that examined the social risks facing people and the policy responses taken by governments since 1989. Chapters address access and participation, the labor market, financing, and staff in the education sector.
Book Synopsis Managing Transboundary Stocks of Small Pelagic Fish by : Max Agüero
Download or read book Managing Transboundary Stocks of Small Pelagic Fish written by Max Agüero and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This booklet examines the efforts of Bangladesh, Malawi, and Pakistan to increase the number of girls in school. These three countries have severe problems of access to education, ranking in the bottom third of developing countries on UNESCO's Basic Education Index. The document addresses several issues, including how governments grapple with the deep-seated cultural, institutional, and political factors that underlie the gender disparity in access to school, how parents and communities feel about these attempts, and what impact the reform efforts have on the people involved in managing and running the school system. It also follows the lives of some of the girls who have benefited from the reforms.
Download or read book China written by Shiwei Shao and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a report by a World Bank task force, this book provides a candid assessment of the Bank's operations in Sub-Saharan Africa. The book examines how the Bank can strengthen its operational response to poverty and improve food security, recommends improvements and innovative approaches to poverty reduction, and discusses ways of strengthening and making further use of regional initiatives. Although the report identifies improvements in the work on poverty reduction that have taken place since 1995, it finds that much remains to be done: * On average, 45 to 50 percent of Sub-Saharan Africans live below the poverty line, a much higher proportion than any other region of the world except South Asia. * The commitment of governments to poverty reduction is usually weak; only about 12 African governments have such a commitment. * Economic growth rates are generally far too low to reduce poverty significantly; growth rates of 6.5 percent per year are required for countries in this region to reduce poverty at an acceptable rate. * The World Bank's lending has emphasized growth, focusing almost 58 percent of its assistance to the region on creating the mechanisms for growth through policy change and large-scale investments. * The World Bank's focus on poverty reduction in programming and lending must intensify in all its operational work. * All development partners should establish stronger collaboration in planning their assistance programs.
Book Synopsis Fostering Sustainable Development by : Nwanze Okidegbe
Download or read book Fostering Sustainable Development written by Nwanze Okidegbe and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peace and reconstruction efforts in 1996 dramatically altered the landscape of Bosnia and Herzegovina and brought many tangible benefits to its people. These efforts have already led to improvements in the areas of health, education, unemployment, and infrastructure repair. Sustaining and broadening the positive developments of the past year will be the key task for the country and the international community in 1997-98. This country study examines the near-term reform issues that are essential to generating employment and providing a firm institutional and policy foundation for reconstruction and sustained economic growth. The main areas of emphasis will be on policy and budget reforms--involving institutions for macroeconomic management and bank and enterprise privatization--and reforms affecting labor markets and the social safety net.
Book Synopsis Case Studies in War-to-peace Transition by : Nat J. Colletta
Download or read book Case Studies in War-to-peace Transition written by Nat J. Colletta and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 331. With the assistance of Emilio Mondo, Taimi Sitari, and Tadesse A. Woldu. Provides a detailed analysis of the intricate nature of the political, economic, and sociocultural issues that arise during the transition from war to peace in Ethiopia, Namibia, and Uganda. These countries offer a unique range of conditions and program models, as well as a variety of successes and failures from which to learn. A recently released overview, The Transition from War to Peace in Sub-Saharan Africa (Stock no. 13581; ISBN 0-8213-3581-2), is based on these country studies and a synthesis of reports of demobilization and reintegration programs in several other countries.
Book Synopsis Intensified Systems of Farming in the Tropics and Subtropics by : J. A. N. Wallis
Download or read book Intensified Systems of Farming in the Tropics and Subtropics written by J. A. N. Wallis and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmentally Sustainable Development Studies and Monographs Series No. 19. Five years have passed since the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, better known as the Rio Earth Summit. Almost all the countries of the world attended the conference and committed themselves to the policies and programs laid out in Agenda 21, the action plan of the summit. The World Bank and other international agencies have sought to be active partners in implementing the agenda. This report is part of the Bank's current efforts to review the progress made over the past five years and to make plans for improved effectiveness for the future. The paper is divided into two parts. Part I looks at the broad picture, assessing some of the large challenges for the future and outlining thematic principles. Part II provides concise reviews of the majority of the chapters of Agenda 21 and relates them to the standpoint of Bank activities.
Book Synopsis Innovations in Health Care Financing by : George Schieber
Download or read book Innovations in Health Care Financing written by George Schieber and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spanish edition. World Bank Technical Paper No. 345S. This report examines specific policies for achieving sustainable development of the mining industry in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. The report highlights the importance of the mining sector to national economies of the region and discusses World Bank assistance in formulating policy. Also available in English: (ISBN 0-8213-3816-1) Stock no. 13816.
Download or read book Agricultural Reform in Russia written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 327. Indicates areas of high priority for additional analytical work in Russia's agriculture sector after four years of reform. The study concludes that structural change in Russian agriculture is far from complete and that analysts should continue to clarify and document the factors affecting performance of the sector and shaping its evolution.
