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Insect Predation Of Seeds And Plant Population Dynamics
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Book Synopsis Insect Predation of Seeds and Plant Population Dynamics by : Jianxin Zhang
Download or read book Insect Predation of Seeds and Plant Population Dynamics written by Jianxin Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review provides a framework for understanding the mechanisms of insect seed predation, the diversity of insects that prey on seeds, and the ecological and evolutionary consequences of insect seed predation. Insect seed predation can play significant roles in reducing plant population growth, modifying intraspecific and interspecific competition, shifting spatial and temporal distribution, affecting species evolution, and plant community structure, both in natural and agricultural ecosystems.
Download or read book Seed Ecology written by M.W. Fenner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the regeneration of plants from seed under field conditions. It attempts to give a reasonably balanced overview of the many aspects of this broad topic. The first chapter introduces some general ideas about reproduction in plants. Subsequent chapters deal with the early stages in the life of a plant, from ovule to established seedling, in a more or less chronological order. The final chapter shows how the data on regeneration requirements of different species can be used to explain a number of important characteristics of whole plant communities. The study of the ecological aspects of reproduction by seed touches on a range of issues of current interest in biology. A discussion of seed size and number involves a consideration of the concepts of resource allocation, life cycles and strategies. The in teractions between plants and animals seen in pollination, seed dispersal and predation provide excellent material for the study of coevolution. Investigations on regeneration from seed have greatly our understanding of the causes and maintenance of species added to diversity. The reader will find that virtually all the experiments and field observations described in this book are conceptually very simple. Many of them merely required numerous careful measurements.
Book Synopsis Population Dynamics of Insect Predators in Relation to Tillage and Subsoiling Prior to Planting Soybeans by : Joseph E. Funderburk
Download or read book Population Dynamics of Insect Predators in Relation to Tillage and Subsoiling Prior to Planting Soybeans written by Joseph E. Funderburk and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Post-dispersal Predation of Common Lambsquarters and Common Waterhemp Seeds in Three Tillage Regimes by : Rocio Van der Laat
Download or read book Post-dispersal Predation of Common Lambsquarters and Common Waterhemp Seeds in Three Tillage Regimes written by Rocio Van der Laat and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post-dispersal predation of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album (Tourn.) L.) and common waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer.) seeds were evaluated in conventional, reduced and no-tillage regimes in Boone, IA. Glyphosate resistant corn and soybean were planted in 2003 and 2004, respectively. The level of seed predation was quantified using different insect exclusion treatments. We also identified some of the potential seed predators in the field and their preference and consumption of weed seeds in laboratory experiments. We observed no consistent differences in common lambsquarters and common waterhemp seed predation among tillage regimes. The main predators of common lambsquarters and common waterhemp seeds were invertebrate organisms. The most abundant invertebrates captured in pitfall traps were field crickets (Gryllus pennsylvanicus De Geer [Gryllidae, Orthoptera]) and a ground beetle (Harpalus pensylvanicus Burmeister [Coleoptera, Carabidae]). Under field conditions, there was a significant correlation between common lambsquarters and common waterhemp seeds predated and the activity-density of field crickets and ground beetles. Weed seed predation by insects can play an important role in plant population dynamics. Annual weed populations depend primarily on the soil seedbank. Therefore, the reduction of the weed seedbank, as a consequence of insect predation, might play an important role in reducing weed populations in the field. Understanding the impact that the activity-density of weed seed predators has on the weed seedbank can help determine the best management practices for lowering weed populations.
Download or read book Seed Fate written by J. E. Lambert and published by CABI. This book was released on 2005 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents current knowledge of seed fate in both natural and human-disturbed landscapes, from various regions of the world. Habitats considered range from mountain and arid deserts in the temperate zone, to savanna and lowland rainforests in tropical regions of the world. Particular attention is paid to plant diversity conservation when seed removal is affected by factors such as hunting, habitat fragmentation or intensive logging. Contributors include leading scientists involved in research on seed ecology and on animal-plant relationships from the perspective of both primary and secondary seed dispersal, and predation.
Book Synopsis The Influence of Predation and Evolution on a Plant-herbivore Interaction by : Donald Marvin Nafus
Download or read book The Influence of Predation and Evolution on a Plant-herbivore Interaction written by Donald Marvin Nafus and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interactive Effects of Pathogens, Plant Defenses and Predators on Herbivore Performance and Population Dynamics by : Monica Frank Kersch Becker
Download or read book Interactive Effects of Pathogens, Plant Defenses and Predators on Herbivore Performance and Population Dynamics written by Monica Frank Kersch Becker and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Variation in plant defenses and predation has the potential to cause profound changes in herbivore performance and population dynamics. Evaluating the complex interactive effects of plant defenses and predators that lead to the exponential or density-dependent growth of herbivorous insects is critical for understanding their population dynamics. For my doctoral research I (i) investigated the effects of pathogen-induced plant defenses on herbivores, (ii) measured the effects of constitutive and induced plant defenses on the strength of herbivore density-dependent growth and (iii) evaluated the influence of plant resistance on predator-prey interactions. Chapter 1 evaluates how different strains of Potato virus Y differentially affect plant defensive pathways, showing that strains that strongly induce the salicylic acid pathway increase susceptibility to chewing herbivores, while not affecting the performance of its vector, a phloem feeding aphid. Chapter 2 demonstrates that plants with low constitutive levels of defense cause strong density-dependent population growth in aphids, whereas populations on plants with high levels of constitutive defense show density-independent growth. Building on chapter 2, chapters 3 and 4 focus on the critical role of plant defenses in predator-prey interactions. Chapter 3 shows that plant resistance affects not only the consumptive, but also the nonconsumptive effects of predators on prey. I demonstrate that aphid prey could not exhibit predator-induced behavioral responses on plants with high levels of resistance. Chapter 4 explores the underlying mechanisms by which variation in plant defenses affect insect population: directly, through changes in herbivore population growth, or indirectly, by modifying predator impacts on prey populations. Chapter 4 shows that predators only cause prey density-dependent population growth when the herbivorous prey are feeding on low-resistance plants, which are still able to induce high levels of herbivore-associated cues. Collectively, these results highlight the strong effect that plant defenses have on herbivore population dynamics. This work has important implications; it suggests that induced plant responses to prey should be accounted for in biological control assessments, as these responses determine the efficiency of predators on target prey.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Plant Population Ecology by : Jonathan W. Silvertown
Download or read book Introduction to Plant Population Ecology written by Jonathan W. Silvertown and published by Longman Scientific and Technical. This book was released on 1987 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised edition deals with the latest developments in the technical areas of plant competition and the theory of coexistence.
Book Synopsis Insect Ecology by : Timothy D. Schowalter
Download or read book Insect Ecology written by Timothy D. Schowalter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-02-27 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Timothy Schowalter has succeeded in creating a unique, updated treatment of insect ecology. This revised and expanded text looks at how insects adapt to environmental conditions while maintaining the ability to substantially alter their environment. It covers a range of topics- from individual insects that respond to local changes in the environment and affect resource distribution, to entire insect communities that have the capacity to modify ecosystem conditions.Insect Ecology, Second Edition, synthesizes the latest research in the field and has been produced in full color throughout. It is ideal for students in both entomology and ecology-focused programs. NEW TO THIS EDITION:* New topics such as elemental defense by plants, chaotic models, molecular methods to measure disperson, food web relationships, and more* Expanded sections on plant defenses, insect learning, evolutionary tradeoffs, conservation biology and more* Includes more than 350 new references* More than 40 new full-color figures
Book Synopsis Population Ecology by : Michael Begon
Download or read book Population Ecology written by Michael Begon and published by Sinauer Associates, Incorporated. This book was released on 1986 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text, which has been adopted as an Open University course textbook, examines the ecological processes that determine the size and structure of a population, and demonstrates that there are many fundamental principles that apply to populations of both animals and plants.
Book Synopsis Seeds, 3rd Edition by : Robert S Gallagher
Download or read book Seeds, 3rd Edition written by Robert S Gallagher and published by CABI. This book was released on 2013-12-06 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 3rd edition of Seeds: The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities highlights the many advances in the field of seed ecology and its relationship to plant community dynamics that have taken place in recent years. The new edition also features chapters on seed development and morphology, seed chemical ecology, implications of climate change on regeneration by seed, and the functional role of seed banks in agricultural and natural ecosystems. The book is aimed at advanced level students and researchers in the fields of seed science, seed ecology and plant ecology.
Book Synopsis Population-level Compensation Foils Effects of Massive Seed Loss Caused by Biocontrol Agents by : Julie Garren
Download or read book Population-level Compensation Foils Effects of Massive Seed Loss Caused by Biocontrol Agents written by Julie Garren and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Sustainable Weed Management by : Harinder P. Singh
Download or read book Handbook of Sustainable Weed Management written by Harinder P. Singh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-03-14 with total page 956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovative Strategies for Managing Weeds in an Environmentally Protective Manner Successfully meeting the challenge of providing weed control without relying on dangerous chemicals that endanger the ecosystem or human lives, this compendium focuses on management strategies that reduce herbicidal usage, restore ecological balance, and increase food production. It also provides new insights and approaches for weed scientists, agronomists, agriculturists, horticulturists, farmers, and extentionists, as well as teachers and students. In the Handbook of Sustainable Weed Management, experts from Asia, Europe, North America, and Australia organize in one resource information related to weeds and their management from different ecosystems around the world that has been until now been scattered throughout the literature.. The text captures the multifaceted impacts of and approaches to managing weeds from field, farm, landscape, regional, and global perspectives. Generously illustrated with tables and figures, this book not only describes the various techniques for weed management but shows you what methods work best in a given region, or in response to a specific, invasive weed or invaded crop. Covering the full scope of modern weed science the handbook examines different aspects of weed management, including— • Cultural practices • Cover crops • Crop rotation designs • Potential of herbicide resistant crops • Bioherbicides • Allelopathy • Microorganisms • Integrated weed management In spite of advancement in technologies and procedures, weeds continue to pose a major ecological and economical threat to agriculture. Handbook of Sustainable Weed Management takes a broad view of weeds as a part of an agricultural system composed of interacting production, environmental, biological, economic, and social components all working together to find balance. This comprehensive book is a vital addition to the debate over how global weed management is changing in the 21st century. Also available in soft cover
Book Synopsis Rates and Prevalences of Predispersal Seed Predation on Plant Communities Across a Latitudinal Gradient by : Brady William Boyer
Download or read book Rates and Prevalences of Predispersal Seed Predation on Plant Communities Across a Latitudinal Gradient written by Brady William Boyer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predispersal seed predation occurs whenever the seeds of a plant are consumed or otherwise killed before the fruit containing them is dispersed from the parent plant. Throughout the literature, there are many studies that focus on the interactions between one or a few predator species with one or two plant prey species. However, there are currently no studies that attempt to investigate the effects of predispersal seed predation on a community scale or across a latitudinal gradient. I hypothesized that certain predation patterns would lead to a stabilizing effect (diversity maintaining effect) on the plant diversity of a community. Four study sites were used for this research: Rector, Pennsylvania; Aguadilla, Puerto Rico; Oxapampa, Peru; and Bariloche, Argentina. At each of these sites I investigated whether the rates of predispersal seed predation differed between plant species of varying relative abundance, whether plants within larger patches of conspecifics experienced higher rates of predispersal seed predation, and if this form of predation increases in incidence or prevalence as one approaches the equator. My results show that predispersal seed predation rates increase as absolute latitude decreases, even with multiple plant genera being sampled across different latitudes, and was the only studied variable to be statistically significant. Host-specificity between insect predators and plant species is the norm and makes generalizing across communities difficult. Additional research must be done to further elucidate the potentially subtle ways that insect predispersal seed predators have on plant communities. Especially in the tropics, predispersal seed predation pressure on plant fecundity adds further importance to the negative density-dependent and diversity-stabilizing effects that birds and other dispersers have on plant communities.
Book Synopsis Ecological Entomology by : Carl B. Huffaker
Download or read book Ecological Entomology written by Carl B. Huffaker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1998-12-07 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring completely updated chapters, additional authors, and an increased emphasis on alternatives to traditional pesticides, the second edition of Ecological Entomology is the field's leading reference on the role of insects in ecosystems. The authors cover insect growth and development, what they eat, how they reproduce, and how they move in various environments. The book also examines how insects interact with the plant community and how to control insect populations naturally.
Book Synopsis Population Ecology by : Michael Begon
Download or read book Population Ecology written by Michael Begon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-15 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Worldwide, Population Ecology is the leading textbook on this titled subject. Written primarily for students, it describes the present state of population ecology in terms that can be readily understood by undergraduates with little or no background in the subject. Carefully chosen experimental examples illustrate each topic, and studies of plants and animals are combined to show how fundamental principles can be derived that apply to both species. Use of complex mathematics ia avoided throughout the book, and what math is necessary is dealt with by examination of real experimental data rather than dull theory. The latest edition of this leading textbook. Adopted as an Open University set text.
