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Injection Positron And Electron Beam Generation
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Book Synopsis Injection, Positron and Electron Beam Generation by :
Download or read book Injection, Positron and Electron Beam Generation written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to produce the desired luminosity it is required to generate a large number of positrons, namely N+ = 2 ̦ 5 x 101° positrons per bunch at a repetition rate of 3 + 12 KHz. These specifications are very demanding and well above the present state of the art. e/e− conversion in a high Z target is performed with an overall efficiency, [eta], of at most 7%/GeV, including e capture and acceleration efficiencies. The value refers to a situation where all positrons in an energy bite, [Delta][Epsilon], of about 15 MeV are captured. About 15 MeV is therefore the positron beam absolute energy spread. Higher efficiencies can be obtained at the expense of increasing [Delta][Epsilon], but the resulting beam absolute energy spread would not be accepted by the following stages of the machine. In order to limit the charge in the primary electron bunch so as to avoid too strong an interaction with the accelerating structure, and taking into account the fact that the conversion efficiency is proportional to the energy of the electrons, it is advisable to convert electrons into positrons at the highest possible energy. Another important design parameter that determines the minimum energy to which positrons have to be accelerated before being injected into the machine is the maximum relative energy spread tolerated by the first recirculation arc; it has been assumed throughout that it is at most 4%. Given the absolute energy spread of the positrons at production and folding-in the spread induced by the interaction of the bunch with the accelerating structure, the minimum energy of the positron beam entering the first recirculation arc cmes out to be about 450 MeV. Since before entering the arc the beam passes once through one side of the machine accelerating structure, thereby gaining 350 Me, it has to be accelerated by the injection linac following the converter to at least 100 MeV. A one-sided race track acceleration scheme could be considered. Another fundamental design specification that has to be dealt with at injection level concerns the possibility of producing electron beams with an emittance to match that specified for the beams in collision (namely a normalized emittance [epsilon]{sub n} {=} 2 x 10−6 mrad) in order to save the complication and expense of passing through a damping ring. For positrons this is not possible since they are of course created with a very large emittance and a damping ring is mandatory. Values of the normalized emittance as small as the specified can only be obtained by careful design and require an improvement over what is commonly achieved by a factor {=} 3.
Book Synopsis Design Studies of Positron Collection for the NLC(LCC-0070). by :
Download or read book Design Studies of Positron Collection for the NLC(LCC-0070). written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The positron source for the NLC project utilizes a 6.2 GeV electron beam interacting in a high-Z positron production target. The electromagnetic shower in the target results in large energy deposition which can cause damage to the target. Optimization of the collection system is required to insure long-term operation of the target with needed high positron yield into the 6-dimensional acceptance of the subsequent pre-damping ring. Positron tracking through the accelerating system indicates a dilution of the initial positron phase space density. Results of simulations indicate that a positron yield of 0.76 can be obtained at the injection into pre-damping ring if the beam is limited by the normalized emittances of [var-epsilon][sub x], [var-epsilon][sub y] [le] 0.03 [pi] m rad, bunch length [sigma][sub z] = 6.97 mm and energy spread [Delta]E/E = 2%. The value of positron yield can be increased by 1.15 if longitudinal focusing is utilized in 1.9 GeV booster linac. In the regime of polarized positrons injection, the polarization of 0.65 can be obtained for 6.5% of initial polarized positrons emerged from the target. The number of captured polarized positrons is increased by 9.6% keeping the value of polarization as 0.63 if longitudinal focusing in the booster linac is used.
Book Synopsis Electron-beam Generation, Transport, and Transverse Oscillation Experiments Using the REX Injector by :
Download or read book Electron-beam Generation, Transport, and Transverse Oscillation Experiments Using the REX Injector written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The REX machine at LANL is being used as a prototype to generate a 4-MV, 4.5-kA, 55-ns flat-top electron beam as a source for injection into a linear induction accelerator of the 16-MeV Dual-Axis Radiographic Hydrotest facility. The pulsed-power sources drives a planar velvet cathode producing a beam that is accelerated through a foilless anode aperture and transported by an air core magnetic lens for injection into the first of 48 linear induction cells. Extensive measurements of the time-resolved (
Book Synopsis Design Studies of Positron Collection for the NLC(LCC-0070). by : Y. Batygin
Download or read book Design Studies of Positron Collection for the NLC(LCC-0070). written by Y. Batygin and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The positron source for the NLC project utilizes a 6.2 GeV electron beam interacting in a high-Z positron production target. The electromagnetic shower in the target results in large energy deposition which can cause damage to the target. Optimization of the collection system is required to insure long-term operation of the target with needed high positron yield into the 6-dimensional acceptance of the subsequent pre-damping ring. Positron tracking through the accelerating system indicates a dilution of the initial positron phase space density. Results of simulations indicate that a positron yield of 0.76 can be obtained at the injection into pre-damping ring if the beam is limited by the normalized emittances of {var_epsilon}{sub x}, {var_epsilon}{sub y} {le} 0.03 {pi} m rad, bunch length {sigma}{sub z} = 6.97 mm and energy spread {Delta}E/E = 2%. The value of positron yield can be increased by 1.15 if longitudinal focusing is utilized in 1.9 GeV booster linac. In the regime of polarized positrons injection, the polarization of 0.65 can be obtained for 6.5% of initial polarized positrons emerged from the target. The number of captured polarized positrons is increased by 9.6% keeping the value of polarization as 0.63 if longitudinal focusing in the booster linac is used.
Book Synopsis The Injection System of the INFN-SuperB Factory Project by :
Download or read book The Injection System of the INFN-SuperB Factory Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultra high luminosity B-factory (SuperB) project of INFN requires a high performance and reliable injection system, providing electrons at 4 GeV and positrons at 7 GeV, to fulfil the very tight requirements of the collider. Due to the short beam lifetime, continuous injection of electron and positron bunches in both LER and HER rings is necessary to maintain an high average luminosity. Polarized electrons are required for experiments and must be delivered by the injection system, due to the beam lifetime shorter than the ring polarization build-up: they will be produced by means of a SLAC-SLC polarized gun. The emittance and the energy spread of the e−/e beams are reduced in a 1 GeV Damping Ring (DR) before injection in the main rings. Two schemes for positron production are under study, one with e−/e+ conversion at low energy (
Book Synopsis The POSEIDON Electron Beam Generator by : J. D. Sethian
Download or read book The POSEIDON Electron Beam Generator written by J. D. Sethian and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The POSEIDON electron beam generator was designed to perform a series of experiments to produce a closed field line plasma confinement system with two rotating relativistic electron beams. Previous experimental studies have shown that a single rotating beam (generated by the TRITON electron beam generator) can produce a plasma in a reversed field configuration inside an initially field free metal tube. The magnetic fields were maintained with induced plasma currents rather than the beam electrons themselves. However, because the beam was injected from one end of the system, a net axial current persisted which precluded axial containment. To eliminate this current, it was proposed to inject a second rotating beam from the opposite end of the system.
Book Synopsis Injection and Propagation of a Nonrelativistic Electron Beam and Spacecraft Charging by :
Download or read book Injection and Propagation of a Nonrelativistic Electron Beam and Spacecraft Charging written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two-dimensional numerical simulations have been carried out in order to study the injection and propagation of a nonrelativistic electron beam from a spacecraft into a fully ionized plasma in a magnetic field. Contrary to the earlier results in one-dimension, a high density electron beam whose density is comparable to the ambient density can propagate into a plasma. A strong radial electric field resulting from the net charges in the beam causes the beam electrons to spread radially reducing the beam density. When the injection current exceeds the return current, significant charging of the spacecraft is observed along with the reflection of the injected electrons back to the spacecraft. Recent data on the electron beam injection from the Spacelab 1 (SEPAC) are discussed.
Book Synopsis 1987 Workshop on Intense Positron Beams by : E. H. Ottewitte
Download or read book 1987 Workshop on Intense Positron Beams written by E. H. Ottewitte and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 1988 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Injection and Propagation of a Nonrelativistic Electron Beam and Spacecraft Charging by : J. Berchem
Download or read book Injection and Propagation of a Nonrelativistic Electron Beam and Spacecraft Charging written by J. Berchem and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electron Gun for Gyrotrons by : Udaybir Singh
Download or read book Electron Gun for Gyrotrons written by Udaybir Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-09-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 General introduction 1.2 Introduction to Gyrotron 1.1.1 Applications 1.3 Introduction to Magnetron Injection Gun (MIG) CHAPTER 2 MOTION OF ELECTRON BEAM IN GYROTRON 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Electron beam Generation 2.2.1 Thermionic Cathodes 2.2.2 Functioning of Thermionic Cathodes 2.2.3 Thermionic Cathode material 2.2.4 Operating mechanism 2.3 Electron beam Propagation 2.4 Electron beam Compression 2.5 Electron beam Interaction 2.6 Electron beam Collection CHAPTER 3 ELECTRICAL DESIGN OF MIG 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Preliminary design 3.3 Design constraints 3.4 Electrical Design 3.4.1 Geometry creation 3.4.2 Design goals 3.4.3 Electron beam analysis 3.4.4 Output Parameters tuning 3.4.5 Parametric study 3.5 Design of MIGs with different geometrical configurations
Book Synopsis Positron Beams and Their Applications by : Paul G. Coleman
Download or read book Positron Beams and Their Applications written by Paul G. Coleman and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a coherent and comprehensive overview of the generation and application of mono-energetic positron beams. It has been written by acknowledged experts, at a level accessible to graduate students working, or planning to work, with positron beams, and to scientists in other areas who want to know something about the field.The book begins with a brief historical introduction and an overview of how positron beams are generated and transported. A description of the fate of slow positrons in gaseous and condensed matter, with reference to many of the fundamental measurements made possible by the advent of positron beams, is followed by a discussion on applications in the study of solid surfaces, defect profiling in subsurface regions, interfaces and thin films, and the probing of bulk properties in novel ways. The book ends with a look at the future, considering the prospects for intense positron beams and their potential for further research.
Book Synopsis Injection and Propagation of a Nonrelativistic Electron Beam and Spacecraft Charging by : H. Okuda
Download or read book Injection and Propagation of a Nonrelativistic Electron Beam and Spacecraft Charging written by H. Okuda and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Controlled Electron Injection Into Plasma Accelerators and SpaceCharge Estimates by : Gwenael J. Fubiani
Download or read book Controlled Electron Injection Into Plasma Accelerators and SpaceCharge Estimates written by Gwenael J. Fubiani and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma based accelerators are capable of producing electron sources which are ultra-compact (a few microns) and high energies (up to hundreds of MeVs) in much shorter distances than conventional accelerators. This is due to the large longitudinal electric field that can be excited without the limitation of breakdown as in RF structures. The characteristic scale length of the accelerating field is the plasma wavelength and for typical densities ranging from 1018 - 1019 cm-3, the accelerating fields and scale length can hence be on the order of 10-100GV/m and 10-40 mu m, respectively. The production of quasimonoenergetic beams was recently obtained in a regime relying on self-trapping of background plasma electrons, using a single laser pulse for wakefield generation. In this dissertation, we study the controlled injection via the beating of two lasers (the pump laser pulse creating the plasma wave and a second beam being propagated in opposite direction) which induce a localized injection of background plasma electrons. The aim of this dissertation is to describe in detail the physics of optical injection using two lasers, the characteristics of the electron beams produced (the micrometer scale plasma wavelength can result in femtosecond and even attosecond bunches) as well as a concise estimate of the effects of space charge on the dynamics of an ultra-dense electron bunch with a large energy spread.
Book Synopsis Experiments with Electron Beam Injection in Ionosphere Plasma and Rare Gas by :
Download or read book Experiments with Electron Beam Injection in Ionosphere Plasma and Rare Gas written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book EPAC 92 written by H. Henke and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1992 with total page 910 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics by : National Research Council
Download or read book Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-11 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent scientific and technical advances have made it possible to create matter in the laboratory under conditions relevant to astrophysical systems such as supernovae and black holes. These advances will also benefit inertial confinement fusion research and the nation's nuclear weapon's program. The report describes the major research facilities on which such high energy density conditions can be achieved and lists a number of key scientific questions about high energy density physics that can be addressed by this research. Several recommendations are presented that would facilitate the development of a comprehensive strategy for realizing these research opportunities.
Book Synopsis Simulation of a Positron Source for CEBAF. by :
Download or read book Simulation of a Positron Source for CEBAF. written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A positron source for the 6 GeV (or the proposed 12 GeV upgrade) recirculating linacs at Jefferson Lab is presented. The proposed 100nA CW positron source has several unique characteristics; high incident beam power (100kW), 10 MeV incident electron beam energy, CW incident beam and CW production. Positron production with 10 MeV electrons has several advantages; the energy is below neutron threshold so the production target will not become activated during use and the absolute energy spread is bounded by the low incident energy. These advantages are offset by the large angular distribution of the outgoing positrons. Results of simulations of the positron production, capture, acceleration and injection into the recirculating linac are presented. Energy flow and thermal management of the production target present a challenge and are included in the simulations.
