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Influence Of Grain Sorghum Planting Dates And Palmer Amaranth Emergence Timings On Competitive Outcomes
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Book Synopsis Influence of Grain Sorghum Planting Dates and Palmer Amaranth Emergence Timings on Competitive Outcomes by : Lindsey K. Gastler
Download or read book Influence of Grain Sorghum Planting Dates and Palmer Amaranth Emergence Timings on Competitive Outcomes written by Lindsey K. Gastler and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is an important crop to Kansas agriculture, and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) is considered the most troublesome weed in grain sorghum. In 2019, field experiments were conducted near Manhattan and Hutchinson, Kansas to determine the influence of grain sorghum planting dates and Palmer amaranth emergence timings on competitive outcomes. Grain sorghum was planted on June 3 and July 1 at Manhattan and May 17 and June 17 at Hutchinson. Natural populations of Palmer amaranth were established at an early and late emergence timing relative to crop planting along with a weed-free treatment. Palmer amaranth was thinned and maintained at a target population of 4 plants m−1 of row. The growth stage and height of grain sorghum and Palmer amaranth were recorded weekly. Biweekly up to grain sorghum flag-leaf stage, two grain sorghum and two Palmer amaranth plants plot−1 were harvested to measure leaf area and biomass. Grain sorghum was harvested to measure yield and seed weight. Late planted grain sorghum accumulated height, leaf area, and biomass more quickly than early planted grain sorghum on a time scale of days after planting (DAP) at both locations. On a scale of growing degree units (GDU), grain sorghum leaf area and biomass accumulation at Manhattan were similar across planting dates, while the late planting accumulated more height. In Hutchinson, grain sorghum leaf area accumulation was similar across plantings, while the late planting accumulated height and biomass more quickly on a GDU scale. Palmer amaranth density in both sites were less than desired and inconsistent, therefore, it was impossible to test the effects of Palmer amaranth emergence timing. In Manhattan, grain yields were similar across treatments, excluding the treatment with the highest Palmer amaranth density (1.5 plants m−1 of row), and seed weight was greater in the early planting than the late. In Hutchinson, grain sorghum yield was 37% less in the early planting than the late planting, due to poor crop establishment in cool soil temperatures after planting, and poor pollination and grain fill during hot and dry conditions. Later planted grain sorghum grew faster than early planted grain sorghum, thus was more competitive against weed competition in early growth stages. This research demonstrated a potential tactic that a producer could implement to enhance early season competitiveness of grain sorghum against Palmer amaranth.
Book Synopsis Influence of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri) on Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor) by : Jerry Wayne Moore
Download or read book Influence of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri) on Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor) written by Jerry Wayne Moore and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Influence of Planting Date and Seed Treatment on Emergence and Preharvest Seed Infection in Sorghum by : Admasu Melake-Berhan
Download or read book Influence of Planting Date and Seed Treatment on Emergence and Preharvest Seed Infection in Sorghum written by Admasu Melake-Berhan and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physiological Basis of Herbicide Interaction and Integrated Management of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri) by : Ivan Bernardo Cuvaca
Download or read book Physiological Basis of Herbicide Interaction and Integrated Management of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri) written by Ivan Bernardo Cuvaca and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palmer amaranth is a major threat to many cropping systems in the USA. As a result of selection, Palmer amaranth has evolved resistance to at least six herbicide modes of action including microtubule-, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase-, acetolactate synthase-, photosystem II-, hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-, and protoporphyrinogen oxidase- inhibitors. Dicamba is effective for Palmer amaranth control; however, extensive use of this herbicide increases the likelihood of evolution of resistance to dicamba. The overall objective of this dissertation was to investigate the physiological basis of interaction of herbicides with different modes of action in Palmer amaranth control and evaluate use of integrated approaches to manage Palmer amaranth in field conditions. The specific objectives were to: 1) evaluate the effect of plant height on dicamba efficacy to control Palmer amaranth; 2) investigate the mechanism of resistance to glyphosate in a Palmer amaranth accession from Kansas, and evaluate efficacy of glyphosate and dicamba tank-mix to control this accession; 3) investigate the physiological basis of glyphosate and dicamba interaction in tank-mix to control Palmer amaranth; 4) determine the efficacy of reduced dicamba use on Palmer amaranth control in irrigated corn production; and 5) investigate grain sorghum and Palmer amaranth growth and reproductive attributes in response to sorghum density and nitrogen rate under irrigated conditions. All experiments were repeated and appropriate statistical tests were used for data analyses. The results indicate: a) increased absorption and translocation of dicamba contribute to increased efficacy to control Palmer amaranth at early growth stage; b) tank mixing glyphosate and dicamba had a synergistic effect on Palmer amaranth control; c) rapid absorption of dicamba and increased translocation of glyphosate resulted in increased Palmer amaranth control when applied in combination; d) there is an opportunity to maintain grain yield while effectively controlling Palmer amaranth in irrigated corn with the integration of increased corn plant population density and reduced dicamba application and e) integrating sorghum plant population and nitrogen did not suppress Palmer amaranth in irrigated sorghum, although sorghum grain yield was maintained. The outcome of this dissertation provides several strategies to improve control of Palmer amaranth.
Book Synopsis Effect of Planting Date on Growth, Development, and Yield of Grain Sorghum Hybrids by : Bandiougou Diawara
Download or read book Effect of Planting Date on Growth, Development, and Yield of Grain Sorghum Hybrids written by Bandiougou Diawara and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Kansas, productivity of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is affected by weather conditions at planting and during pollination. Planting date management and selection of hybrid maturity group can help to avoid severe environmental stresses during these sensitive stages. The hypothesis of the study was that late May planting improves grain sorghum yield, growth and development compared with late June planting. The objectives of this research were to investigate the influence of planting dates on growth, development, and yield of different grain sorghum hybrids, and to determine the optimal planting date and hybrid combination for maximum biomass and grains production. Three sorghum hybrids (early, medium, and late maturing) were planted in late May and late June without irrigation in Kansas at Manhattan/Ashland Bottom Research Station, and Hutchinson in 2010; and at Manhattan/North Farm and Hutchinson in 2011. Data on leaf area index, dry matter production, harvest index, yield and yield components were collected. Grain yield and yield components were influenced by planting date depending on environmental conditions. At Manhattan (2010), greater grain yield, number of heads per plant, harvest index, and leaf-area were obtained with late-June planting compared with late May planting, while at Hutchinson (2010) greater yield was obtained with late May planting for all hybrids. The yield component most affected at Hutchinson was the number of kernels panicle-1 and plant density. Late-May planting was favorable for late maturing hybrid (P84G62) in all locations. However, the yield of early maturing hybrid (DKS 28-05) and medium maturing hybrid (DKS 37-07) was less affected by delayed planting. The effects of planting dates on growth, development, and yield of grain sorghum hybrids were found to be variable among hybrid maturity groups and locations.
Book Synopsis Postemergence Control of Palmer Amaranth with Mesotrione-based Herbicide Mixtures and the Impact of Lactofen and Planting Date on the Growth, Development, and Yield of Indeterminate Soybean by : Joseph Paul Mangialardi
Download or read book Postemergence Control of Palmer Amaranth with Mesotrione-based Herbicide Mixtures and the Impact of Lactofen and Planting Date on the Growth, Development, and Yield of Indeterminate Soybean written by Joseph Paul Mangialardi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research was conducted in 2013 and 2014 to evaluate the postemergence control of Palmer amaranth [Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Wats.] with mesotrione alone and in mixtures with fomesafen and/or glyphosate and to evaluate the impact of lactofen and planting date on growth, development, and yield of indeterminate soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Studies included a greenhouse evaluation of different rates of mesotrione on the control of 5- and 10-cm Palmer amaranth and field studies evaluating the control of 5- to 10-cm Palmer amaranth with three rates of mesotrione applied alone and in mixtures with fomesafen and/or glyphosate. Lactofen studies include a planting date study evaluating one rate of lactofen applied at V2 soybean stage with planting dates of April 15, May 1, May 15, and June 1 and a lactofen timing study where one rate of lactofen was applied at soybean growth stages ranging from V1 to R5.
Download or read book Weed Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309437385 Total Pages :607 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Genetically Engineered Crops by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Genetically Engineered Crops written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-01-28 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetically engineered (GE) crops were first introduced commercially in the 1990s. After two decades of production, some groups and individuals remain critical of the technology based on their concerns about possible adverse effects on human health, the environment, and ethical considerations. At the same time, others are concerned that the technology is not reaching its potential to improve human health and the environment because of stringent regulations and reduced public funding to develop products offering more benefits to society. While the debate about these and other questions related to the genetic engineering techniques of the first 20 years goes on, emerging genetic-engineering technologies are adding new complexities to the conversation. Genetically Engineered Crops builds on previous related Academies reports published between 1987 and 2010 by undertaking a retrospective examination of the purported positive and adverse effects of GE crops and to anticipate what emerging genetic-engineering technologies hold for the future. This report indicates where there are uncertainties about the economic, agronomic, health, safety, or other impacts of GE crops and food, and makes recommendations to fill gaps in safety assessments, increase regulatory clarity, and improve innovations in and access to GE technology.
Download or read book Herbicides written by Andrew Price and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Herbicides are one of the most widely used groups of pesticides worldwide for controlling weedy species in agricultural and non-crop settings. Due to the extensive use of herbicides and their value in weed management, herbicide research remains crucial for ensuring continued effective use of herbicides. Presently, a wide range of research continues to focus on improved herbicide use and weed biology. The authors of Herbicides, Agronomic Crops and Weed Biology cover multiple topics concerning current valuable herbicide research.
Book Synopsis Glyphosate Resistance in Crops and Weeds by : Vijay K. Nandula
Download or read book Glyphosate Resistance in Crops and Weeds written by Vijay K. Nandula and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-28 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New technologies are becoming available for managing glyphosate resistant (GR) weeds and reducing their spread. GR crop technology has revolutionized crop production in the developed world and the benefits are gradually spilling over to the developing world. In order to sustain an effective, environmentally safe herbicide such as glyphosate and the GR crop technology well in to the future, it is imperative that the issue of GR weeds be comprehensively understood. This book provides such an essential, up-to-date source of information on glyphosate resistance for researchers, extension workers, land managers, government personnel, and other decision makers. Provides comprehensive coverage of the intensely studied topic of glyphosate resistant (GR) in crops Details the development of glyphosate resistance and how to detect and manage the problem in crops Helps standardize global approaches to glyphosate resistance Encompasses interdisciplinary approaches in chemistry, weed science, biochemistry, plant physiology, plant biotechnology, genetics, ecology Includes a chapter on economic analysis of GR impact on crops
Book Synopsis Weed-Crop Competition by : Robert L. Zimdahl
Download or read book Weed-Crop Competition written by Robert L. Zimdahl and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-11-19 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past 20 years, the first edition of this text has been widely cited as authoritative academic reference. The latest edition continues the tradition set by the original book, and covers weed science research that has been published since 1980. This book aims to reduce the instance of research duplication—saving scientists and supporting institutions time and money. Not only does the second edition of Weed Crop Competition review, summarize, and combine current research; it critiques the research as well. This text has the potential to accelerate advancements in weed crop competition, which remains an important factor that affects crop yields. Scientists in foreign countries where access to literature is often limited or nonexistent, will find the information in this text invaluable. Weed scientists, crop scientists, plant ecologists, sustainable agriculturists, and organic agriculturists will be well-pleased with this long overdue and much needed new editionWeed Crop Competition provides a unique reference that reviews, summarises and synthesizes the literature published concerning research on this topic. The first edition has been one of the most frequently cited sources in weed science for the past 20 years. The second edition covers the significant body of literature that has been published since 1980. Originally intended to survey existing research, the intent of the book is to reduce the instance of research duplication, thus saving scientists and their institutions time and money, and expediting advancements in weed crop competition, an important factor affecting crop yields. Scientists in foreign countries where access to the literature is often limited or non-existent, find the information an invaluable resource. This long overdue and much needed new edition rejuvenates the tradition set by the original book.
Book Synopsis Physiological Ecology of North American Plant Communities by : Brain F. Chabot
Download or read book Physiological Ecology of North American Plant Communities written by Brain F. Chabot and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although, as W.D. Billings notes in his chapter in this book. the development of physiological ecology can be traced back to the very beginnings of the study of ecology it is clear that the modern development of this field in North America is due in the large part to the efforts of Billings alone. The foundation that Billings laid in the late 1950s came from his own studies on deserts and subsequently arctic and alpine plants, and also from his enormous success in instilling enthusiasm for the field in the numerous students attracted to the plant ecology program at Duke University. Billings' own studies provided the model for subsequent work in this field. Physiological techniques. normally confined to the laboratory. were brought into the field to examine processes under natural environmental conditions. These field studies were accompanied by experiments under controlled conditions where the relative impact of various factors could be assessed and further where genetic as opposed to environmental influences could be separated. This blending of field and laboratory approaches promoted the design of experiments which were of direct relevance to understanding the distribution and abundance of plants in nature. Physiological mechanisms were studied and assessed in the context of the functioning of plants under natural conditions rather than as an end in itself.
Book Synopsis Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) by : Andy Clark
Download or read book Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) written by Andy Clark and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.
Book Synopsis Manage Weeds on Your Farm by : Charles L. Mohler
Download or read book Manage Weeds on Your Farm written by Charles L. Mohler and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manage Weeds on Your Farm: A Guide to Ecological Strategies provides you with in-depth information about dozens of agricultural weeds found throughout the country and the best ways of managing them. In Part One, the book begins with a general discussion of weeds: their biology, behavior and the characteristics that influence how to best control their populations. It then describes the strengths and limitations of the most common cultural management practices, physical practices and cultivation tools. Part Two is a reference section that describes the identification, ecology and management of 63 of the most common and difficult-to-control weed species found in the United States.
Book Synopsis Herbicide-Resistant Crops by : Stephen O. Duke
Download or read book Herbicide-Resistant Crops written by Stephen O. Duke and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by a recognized leader in the field, Herbicide-Resistant Crops is the first book to cover all of the issues related to the controversial topic of herbicide-resistant crops. It provides extensive discussions of the modern biotechnological methods that have been used to develop such crops, and reviews the implications - both positive and negative - of developing crops that are resistant to herbicides. The creation and anticipated applications of specific herbicide-resistant crops are also discussed. In addition, the book covers the potential impact of herbicide-resistant crops on weed management practices and the environment, and presents issues related to the regulation and economics of these crops. The editor has brought together a diverse group of professionals, representing the several distinct areas impacted by the new technology of herbicide-resistant crops. The wide range of viewpoints presented in this book creates a balanced and complete survey, providing a notable contribution to the literature.
Download or read book Allelopathy written by Manuel J. Reigosa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-28 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many good books in the market dealing with the subject of allelopathy. When we designed the outline of this new book, we thought that it should include as many different points of view as possible, although in an integrated general scheme. Allelopathy can be viewed from different of perspectives, ranging from the molecular to the ecosystem level, and including molecular biology, plant biochemistry, plant physiology, plant ecophysiology and ecology, with information coming also from the organic chemistry, soil sciences, microbiology and many other scientific disciplines. This book was designed to include a complete perspective of allelopathic process. The book is divided into seven major sections. The first chapter explores the international development of allelopathy as a science and next section deals with methodological aspects and it explores potential limitations of actual research. Third section is devoted to physiological aspects of allelopathy. Different specialists wrote about photosynthesis, cell cycle, detoxification processes, abiotic and biotic stress, plant secondary metabolites and respiration related to allelopathy. Chapters 13 through 16 are collectively devoted to various aspects of plant ecophysiology on a variety of levels: microorganisms, soil system and weed germination. Fundamental ecology approaches using both experimental observations and theoretical analysis of allelopathy are described in chapters 16 and 17. Those chapters deal with the possible evolutionary forces that have shaped particular strategies. In the section named “allelopathy in different environments”, authors primarily center on marine, aquatic, forest and agro ecosystems. Last section includes chapters addressing application of the knowledge of allelopathy.
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
