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Inequality Growth And Environmental Quality Trade Offs In A Model With Human Capital Accumulation
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Book Synopsis Inequality, Growth, and Environmental Quality Trade-Offs in a Model with Human Capital Accumulation by : Marta Aloi
Download or read book Inequality, Growth, and Environmental Quality Trade-Offs in a Model with Human Capital Accumulation written by Marta Aloi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper develops a simple endogenous growth model where pollution exposure and vulnerability are unequally spread across the population, and growth and distribution are endogenous. In this set-up, we investigate whether trade-offs between growth, distributional, and environmental concerns may emerge. We show that a tighter environmental policy reduces income inequality and can improve both growth and total welfare. Immediate welfare losses, though, do occur, and are larger for countries that start at low levels of environmental quality (e.g. developing countries). Inégalité, croissance et qualité de l'environnement : arbitrages dans un modèle d'accumulation de capital humain. Nous développons un modèle de croissance endogène où l'exposition et la vulnérabilité à la pollution sont inégalement réparties dans la population, et où la croissance et la distribution des revenus sont déterminées de façon endogène. Dans ce cadre d'analyse, nous cherchons s'il existe des arbitrages entre la croissance, les inégalités et l'environnement, notamment dans les pays en développement. Nous montrons qu'une politique environnementale plus stricte conduit à la fois à une réduction des inégalit és et, à une augmentation de la croissance et du bien-être. Dans un premier temps, cependant, ce changement de politique conduit à une réduction du bien-être qui est relativement plus importante pour les pays dont la qualité environmentale est initiallement faible (e.g., les pays en développement).
Book Synopsis Inequality of Opportunity, Inequality of Income and Economic Growth by : Mr.Shekhar Aiyar
Download or read book Inequality of Opportunity, Inequality of Income and Economic Growth written by Mr.Shekhar Aiyar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We posit that the relationship between income inequality and economic growth is mediated by the level of equality of opportunity, which we identify with intergenerational mobility. In economies characterized by intergenerational rigidities, an increase in income inequality has persistent effects—for example by hindering human capital accumulation— thereby retarding future growth disproportionately. We use several recently developed internationally comparable measures of intergenerational mobility to confirm that the negative impact of income inequality on growth is higher the lower is intergenerational mobility. Our results suggest that omitting intergenerational mobility leads to misspecification, shedding light on why the empirical literature on income inequality and growth has been so inconclusive.
Book Synopsis Inequality and Growth by : Theo S. Eicher
Download or read book Inequality and Growth written by Theo S. Eicher and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2007-01-26 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even minute increases in a country's growth rate can result in dramatic changes in living standards over just one generation. The benefits of growth, however, may not be shared equally. Some may gain less than others, and a fraction of the population may actually be disadvantaged. Recent economic research has found both positive and negative relationships between growth and inequality across nations. The questions raised by these results include: What is the impact on inequality of policies designed to foster growth? Does inequality by itself facilitate or detract from economic growth, and does it amplify or diminish policy effectiveness? This book provides a forum for economists to examine the theoretical, empirical, and policy issues involved in the relationship between growth and inequality. The aim is to develop a framework for determining the role of public policy in enhancing both growth and equality. The diverse range of topics, examined in both developed and developing countries, includes natural resources, taxation, fertility, redistribution, technological change, transition, labor markets, and education. A theme common to all the essays is the importance of education in reducing inequality and increasing growth.
Book Synopsis Links Between Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: A Survey by : Ms. Valerie Cerra
Download or read book Links Between Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: A Survey written by Ms. Valerie Cerra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there a tradeoff between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on growth is likewise ambiguous, as several channels mediate the relationship. But most plausible mechanisms suggest that poverty and inequality reduce growth, at least in the long run. Policies play a role in shaping these relationships and those designed to improve equality of opportunity can simultaneously improve inclusiveness and growth.
Book Synopsis For the Benefit of All: Fiscal Policies and Equity-Efficiency Trade-offs in the Age of Automation by : Mr. Andrew Berg
Download or read book For the Benefit of All: Fiscal Policies and Equity-Efficiency Trade-offs in the Age of Automation written by Mr. Andrew Berg and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many studies predict massive job losses and real wage decline as a result of the ongoing widespread automation of production, a trend that may be further aggravated by the COVID-19 crisis. Yet automation is also expected to raise productivity and output. How can we share the gains from automation more widely, for the benefit of all? And what are the attendant equity-efficiency trade-offs? We analyze this issue by considering the effects of fiscal policies that seek to redistribute the gains from automation and address income inequality. We use a dynamic general equilibrium model with monopolistic competition, including a novel specification linking corporate power to automation. While fiscal policy cannot eliminate the classic equity-efficiency trade-offs, it can help improve them, reducing inequality at small or no loss of output. This is particularly so when policy takes advantage of novel, less distortive transmission channels of fiscal policy created by the empirically observed link between corporate market power and automation.
Book Synopsis Handbook on Energy and Economic Growth by : Mohamed Arouri
Download or read book Handbook on Energy and Economic Growth written by Mohamed Arouri and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2024-07-05 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive Handbook examines the links between energy, the economy, and the environment. Esteemed international experts explore the ways in which energy contributes to economic growth, particularly in the context of geopolitical uncertainties.
Book Synopsis Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) by : Burcu Özcan
Download or read book Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) written by Burcu Özcan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-05-13 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC): A Manual provides a comprehensive summary of the EKC, summarizing work on this economic tool that can analyze environmental pollution problems. By enabling users to reconcile environmental and economic development policies, Environmental Kuznets Curve studies lend themselves to the investigation of the energy-growth and finance-energy nexus. The book obviates a dependence on outmoded tools, such as carrying capacity, externalities, ecosystem valuation and cost benefit analysis, while also encouraging flexible approaches to a variety of challenges. - Provides a comprehensive summary of EKC studies, including advances in econometrics, literature reviews and historical perspectives - Outlines solutions to common problems in applying EKC techniques by reviewing major case studies - Explores frequently-utilized proxies for environmental quality
Book Synopsis Inequality and Economic Development by : Oded Galor
Download or read book Inequality and Economic Development written by Oded Galor and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyses the importance of inequality and development. This book explores human capital formation, gender inequality, landownership, ethical division and political transitions.
Book Synopsis Inequality in China – Trends, Drivers and Policy Remedies by : Ms.Sonali Jain-Chandra
Download or read book Inequality in China – Trends, Drivers and Policy Remedies written by Ms.Sonali Jain-Chandra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China has experienced rapid economic growth over the past two decades and is on the brink of eradicating poverty. However, income inequality increased sharply from the early 1980s and rendered China among the most unequal countries in the world. This trend has started to reverse as China has experienced a modest decline in inequality since 2008. This paper identifies various drivers behind these trends – including structural changes such as urbanization and aging and, more recently, policy initiatives to combat it. It finds that policies will need to play an important role in curbing inequality in the future, as projected structural trends will put further strain on equity considerations. In particular, fiscal policy reforms have the potential to enhance inclusiveness and equity, both on the tax and expenditure side.
Book Synopsis Growth, Employment, Inequality, and the Environment by : A. Figueroa
Download or read book Growth, Employment, Inequality, and the Environment written by A. Figueroa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-20 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth, Employment, Inequality, and the Environment deals with the fundamental economic problems of our time: employment, inequality, the environment, and quality of life. These exciting new volumes are the first of their kind in which these problems are analyzed using a unified theory framework.
Book Synopsis Inequality Matters by : James Lardner
Download or read book Inequality Matters written by James Lardner and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cautionary volume of essays by leading scholars and activists examines the pervasive consequences of economic inequality in America, drawing on current research to explore such issues as the causes and dimensions of inequality, the persistence of racial disparities, the erosion of democracy and community, and inequality as a moral and religious problem. 12,000 first printing.
Book Synopsis Trade and the Environment by : Brian R. Copeland
Download or read book Trade and the Environment written by Brian R. Copeland and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-03 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowhere has the divide between advocates and critics of globalization been more striking than in debates over free trade and the environment. And yet the literature on the subject is high on rhetoric and low on results. This book is the first to systematically investigate the subject using both economic theory and empirical analysis. Brian Copeland and Scott Taylor establish a powerful theoretical framework for examining the impact of international trade on local pollution levels, and use it to offer a uniquely integrated treatment of the links between economic growth, liberalized trade, and the environment. The results will surprise many. The authors set out the two leading theories linking international trade to environmental outcomes, develop the empirical implications, and examine their validity using data on measured sulfur dioxide concentrations from over 100 cities worldwide during the period from 1971 to 1986. The empirical results are provocative. For an average country in the sample, free trade is good for the environment. There is little evidence that developing countries will specialize in pollution-intensive products with further trade. In fact, the results suggest just the opposite: free trade will shift pollution-intensive goods production from poor countries with lax regulation to rich countries with tight regulation, thereby lowering world pollution. The results also suggest that pollution declines amid economic growth fueled by economy-wide technological progress but rises when growth is fueled by capital accumulation alone. Lucidly argued and authoritatively written, this book will provide students and researchers of international trade and environmental economics a more reliable way of thinking about this contentious issue, and the methodological tools with which to do so.
Book Synopsis The Middle Class Consensus and Economic Development by : William Easterly
Download or read book The Middle Class Consensus and Economic Development written by William Easterly and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A higher share of income for the middle class and lower ethnic polarization are empirically associated with higher income, higher growth, more education, better health, better infrastructure, better economic policies, less political instability, less civil war (putting ethnic minorities at risk), more social "modernization," and more democracy.
Book Synopsis Reducing Inequalities by : Rémi Genevey
Download or read book Reducing Inequalities written by Rémi Genevey and published by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI). This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reduction of inequalities within and between countries stands as a policy goal, and deserves to take centre stage in the design of the Sustainable Development Goals agreed during the Rio+20 Summit in 2012.The 2013 edition of A Planet for Life represents a unique international initiative grounded on conceptual and strategic thinking, and – most importantly – empirical experiments, conducted on five continents and touching on multiple realities. This unprecedented collection of works proposes a solid empirical approach, rather than an ideological one, to inform future debate.The case studies collected in this volume demonstrate the complexity of the new systems required to accommodate each country's specific economic, political and cultural realities. These systems combine technical, financial, legal, fiscal and organizational elements with a great deal of applied expertise, and are articulated within a clear, well-understood, growth- and job-generating development strategy.Inequality reduction does not occur by decree; neither does it automatically arise through economic growth, nor through policies that equalize incomes downward via ill conceived fiscal policies. Inequality reduction involves a collaborative effort that must motivate all concerned parties, one that constitutes a genuine political and social innovation, and one that often runs counter to prevailing political and economic forces.
Book Synopsis British Economic Growth, 1856-1973 by : Robert Charles Oliver Matthews
Download or read book British Economic Growth, 1856-1973 written by Robert Charles Oliver Matthews and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A historical account of the course and causes of British economic growth from the mid-19th century until 1973, with special emphasis on the unparalleled growth after the Second World War.
Book Synopsis Inequality in Incomes and Access to Education by : Daniele Checchi
Download or read book Inequality in Incomes and Access to Education written by Daniele Checchi and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Income Distribution in Macroeconomic Models by : Giuseppe Bertola
Download or read book Income Distribution in Macroeconomic Models written by Giuseppe Bertola and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-28 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at the distribution of income and wealth and the effects that this has on the macroeconomy, and vice versa. Is a more equal distribution of income beneficial or harmful for macroeconomic growth, and how does the distribution of wealth evolve in a market economy? Taking stock of results and methods developed in the context of the 1990s revival of growth theory, the authors focus on capital accumulation and long-run growth. They show how rigorous, optimization-based technical tools can be applied, beyond the representative-agent framework of analysis, to account for realistic market imperfections and for political-economic interactions. The treatment is thorough, yet accessible to students and nonspecialist economists, and it offers specialist readers a wide-ranging and innovative treatment of an increasingly important research field. The book follows a single analytical thread through a series of different growth models, allowing readers to appreciate their structure and crucial assumptions. This is particularly useful at a time when the literature on income distribution and growth has developed quickly and in several different directions, becoming difficult to overview.
