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Industry Structure And Horizontal Takeovers
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Book Synopsis Industry Structure and Horizontal Takeovers by : Husayn K. Shahrur
Download or read book Industry Structure and Horizontal Takeovers written by Husayn K. Shahrur and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the wealth effects of horizontal takeovers on rivals of the merging firms, and on firms in the takeover industry's supplier and customer industries. Inconsistent with the collusion and buyer power motives, we find significant positive abnormal returns to rivals, suppliers, and corporate customers for the subsample of takeovers with positive combined wealth effect to target and bidder shareholders. Overall, our findings suggest that the average takeover in our sample is driven by efficiency considerations. However, we find evidence suggesting that horizontal takeovers increase the buyer power of the merging firms if suppliers are concentrated.
Book Synopsis Mergers and Acquisitions by : Duarte Brito
Download or read book Mergers and Acquisitions written by Duarte Brito and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on twenty years of merger analysis literature, this single source offers practical solutions to a wide range of problems faced by specialists working in the field of mergers and acquisitions. The authors take an industrial organization approach in which effects on profits, on consumer surplus and on overall welfare are of greatest relevance. The focus is primarily on horizontal mergers, although vertical and conglomerate mergers are addressed when producers of complementary goods are involved. Among the issues and elements examined, the authors provide answers to the following: How does a merger affect the insider firm's profitabifity? Why may outsiders stock market value increase or decrease following a merger? What are the expected welfare effects of a merger? What sort of arguments can be used for merger defense? How do economists model the firm's merging decision? How can the authorities simulate the price effects of a horizontal merger? Is post-merger entry likely to compensate the effects of a merger? The discussion proceeds from an analysis of the simplest exercise of market power to evermore complex merger environments. In their detailed coverage of policy evaluation of proposed acquisitions, the authors provide a merger simulation toolkit which can be applied to important recent judicial decisions in the field. This book will be of great value not only to academics in microeconomics and industrial organization, but also to lawyers and officials seeking expert practical guidance in the business or administrative responsibilities surrounding mergers and acquisitions.
Book Synopsis Horizontal Mergers by : William Blumenthal
Download or read book Horizontal Mergers written by William Blumenthal and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 1986 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Number 14 in the Antitrust law Section monograph series, this work summarizes the state of the law in every area affecting semihorizontal, conglomerate and vertical mergers, and was prepared as a companion to Monograph 12.
Book Synopsis Mergers in Perspective by : Yale Brozen
Download or read book Mergers in Perspective written by Yale Brozen and published by American Enterprise Institute Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the appropriateness of mergers such as acquisitions of Conoco and Marathon Oil Corporation and of their impact on the American economy. The author argues in favour of a natural government merger policy. He believes that mergers do not result in an excessive concentration of the American economy, that the present restrictive policy is at odds with that of the countries with which the U.S. competes, that mergers may allow American companies to become large enough to compete effectively in international trade and improve the management of poorly managed assets.
Book Synopsis Mergers and Acquisitions by : Jonathan Galloway
Download or read book Mergers and Acquisitions written by Jonathan Galloway and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 918 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mergers and acquisitions occur for many legitimate reasons and should be encouraged as a matter of general policy, yet the resulting increase in the level of market concentration and market strength can lead to concerns that certain ’deals’ may irreparably damage the market structure and create anti-competitive effects. This volume explores the competition concerns arising out of mergers and acquisitions, the reasons for merger control and the fundamental options that face all jurisdictions intent on implementing an effective merger control regime. The volume acts as a guide through the development of merger control law, policy and scholarly thought and includes commentary on each of the key stages of any effective merger control regime. The articles consider the objectives of merger control and the broader political landscape within which mergers take place; the procedural issues in merger control, including jurisdictional matters and due process; the different substantive legal standards incorporated into merger control; the relevant theories of harm and the appropriate treatment of efficiencies; and the use of remedies in merger control. The chosen articles mainly, but not exclusively, focus on the US and EU, and several adopt a cross-disciplinary approach encompassing law, political science and economics.
Book Synopsis The Economic Assessment of Mergers Under European Competition Law by : Daniel Gore
Download or read book The Economic Assessment of Mergers Under European Competition Law written by Daniel Gore and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a clear, concise and practical overview of the key economic techniques and evidence employed in European merger control.
Book Synopsis Losses from Horizontal Merger by : Stephen W. Salant
Download or read book Losses from Horizontal Merger written by Stephen W. Salant and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Business by : Lawrence J. Gitman
Download or read book Introduction to Business written by Lawrence J. Gitman and published by . This book was released on 2024-09-16 with total page 1455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Business covers the scope and sequence of most introductory business courses. The book provides detailed explanations in the context of core themes such as customer satisfaction, ethics, entrepreneurship, global business, and managing change. Introduction to Business includes hundreds of current business examples from a range of industries and geographic locations, which feature a variety of individuals. The outcome is a balanced approach to the theory and application of business concepts, with attention to the knowledge and skills necessary for student success in this course and beyond. This is an adaptation of Introduction to Business by OpenStax. You can access the textbook as pdf for free at openstax.org. Minor editorial changes were made to ensure a better ebook reading experience. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Book Synopsis How the Chicago School Overshot the Mark by : Robert Pitofsky
Download or read book How the Chicago School Overshot the Mark written by Robert Pitofsky and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-10-14 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the Chicago School Overshot the Mark is about the rise and recent fall of American antitrust. It is a collection of 15 essays, almost all expressing a deep concern that conservative economic analysis is leading judges and enforcement officials toward an approach that will ultimately harm consumer welfare. For the past 40 years or so, U.S. antitrust has been dominated intellectually by an unusually conservative style of economic analysis. Its advocates, often referred to as "The Chicago School," argue that the free market (better than any unelected band of regulators) can do a better job of achieving efficiency and encouraging innovation than intrusive regulation. The cutting edge of Chicago School doctrine originated in academia and was popularized in books by brilliant and innovative law professors like Robert Bork and Richard Posner. Oddly, a response to that kind of conservative doctrine may be put together through collections of scores of articles but until now cannot be found in any one book. This collection of essays is designed in part to remedy that situation. The chapters in this book were written by academics, former law enforcers, private sector defense lawyers, Republicans and Democrats, representatives of the left, right and center. Virtually all agree that antitrust enforcement today is better as a result of conservative analysis, but virtually all also agree that there have been examples of extreme interpretations and misinterpretations of conservative economic theory that have led American antitrust in the wrong direction. The problem is not with conservative economic analysis but with those portions of that analysis that have "overshot the mark" producing an enforcement approach that is exceptionally generous to the private sector. If the scores of practices that traditionally have been regarded as anticompetitive are ignored, or not subjected to vigorous enforcement, prices will be higher, quality of products lower, and innovation diminished. In the end consumers will pay.
Book Synopsis Horizontal Mergers, Market Structure, and Burdens of Proof by : Herbert Hovenkamp
Download or read book Horizontal Mergers, Market Structure, and Burdens of Proof written by Herbert Hovenkamp and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the Supreme Court's landmark 1963 decision in Philadelphia National Bank, antitrust challengers have mounted prima facie cases against horizontal mergers that rested on the level and increase in market concentration caused by the merger, with proponents of the merger then permitted to rebut by providing evidence that the merger will not have the feared anticompetitive effects. Although the way that concentration is measured and the triggering levels have changed over the last half century, the basic approach has remained intact. This longstanding structural presumption, which is well supported by economic theory and evidence, has been critical to effective merger enforcement. We suggest some ways to strengthen it further.One critical assumption in this burden shifting framework is that the goal of merger policy is to protect consumers against high prices or reduced output, product variety, product quality, or innovation (“consumer welfare”). If the goal is something else, such as deterring industrial concentration to control corporate political power, or protecting small firms from larger competitors, then the structural presumption must be viewed differently. The bulk of this essay examines and defends the role of structural presumptions in the present legal world where protection of consumer welfare is the point of merger enforcement. We also briefly consider a legislative proposal that could be seen as departing from this norm, offering some guidance concerning how this proposal could be improved so as to strengthen merger enforcement, in part by making it easier for the government to establish its prima facie case.
Book Synopsis Mergers, Merger Control, and Remedies by : John Kwoka
Download or read book Mergers, Merger Control, and Remedies written by John Kwoka and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive analysis of merger outcomes based on all empirical studies, with an assessment of the effectiveness of antitrust policy toward mergers. In recent decades, antitrust investigations and cases targeting mergers—including those involving Google, Ticketmaster, and much of the domestic airline industry—have reshaped industries and changed business practices profoundly. And yet there has been a relative dearth of detailed evaluations of the effects of mergers and the effectiveness of merger policy. In this book, John Kwoka, a noted authority on industrial organization, examines all reliable empirical studies of the effect of specific mergers and develops entirely new information about the policies and remedies of antitrust agencies regarding these mergers. Combined with data on outcomes, this policy information enables analysis of, and creates new insights into, mergers, merger policies, and the effectiveness of remedies in preventing anticompetitive outcomes. After an overview of mergers, merger policy, and a common approach to merger analysis, Kwoka offers a detailed analysis of the studied mergers, relevant policies, and chosen remedies. Kwoka finds, first and foremost, that most of the studied mergers resulted in competitive harm, usually in the form of higher product prices but also with respect to various non-price outcomes. Other important findings include the fact that joint ventures and code sharing arrangements do not result in such harm and that policies intended to remedy mergers—especially conduct remedies—are not generally effective in restraining price increases. The book's uniquely comprehensive analysis advances our understanding of merger decisions and policies, suggests policy improvements for competition agencies and remedies, and points the way to future research.
Book Synopsis Mergers and Acquisitions by : Milford B. Green
Download or read book Mergers and Acquisitions written by Milford B. Green and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1990 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Conglomerate Mergers and Market Competition by : John C. Narver
Download or read book Conglomerate Mergers and Market Competition written by John C. Narver and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2022-04-29 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Business mergers are nowadays much in fashion and in the news, but relatively litte is known about their effects on different aspects of business enterprise, especially their effects on market competition. Narver her distinguishes among three main types of corporate merger: the horizontal, involving firms that produce generally similar items; the vertical, involving a successive (e.g. supplier-customer) relationship between firms and the conglomerate, involving any merger that is neither horizontal nor vertical. Economist have yet to agree on a general definition of the essential aspects of conglomerate mergers or on an adequate description of their effects on competition. the present book derives a precise meaning of conglomerate mergers by analyzing the legislative concern in the 1950 Amendment to Section 7 of the Clayton Act. The book then carefully considers the several factors in conglomerate merges that lead to their ability to affect competition. Most importantly, this analysis suggests under what conditions conglomerate mergers increase competition in a market and under what conditions they lessen it. With notable vigor and patience the author has pieced together various aspects of statistics on conglomerate merge activity, managerial behavior in a diversified firm, and market structure, and has produced the most useful analysis available on the competitive effects of conglomerate mergers. Not everyone will agre with its findings, but here can be no question that legislators, antitrust lawyers, economists, and business people will find them useful. Narver's book is timely because of wide concern with the current wave of mergers, appropriate public policy, and efficient private decision-making. Serval important conglomerate merger cases are now before the courts, and the public policy issues involved are still in the process of clarification. The analysis presented in this book should be important in the discussions of the next several years. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1967.
Book Synopsis The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited by : Josh Lerner
Download or read book The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited written by Josh Lerner and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2012-04-15 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers contributions to questions relating to the economics of innovation and technological change. Central to the development of new technologies are institutional environments and among the topics discussed are the roles played by universities and the ways in which the allocation of funds affects innovation.
Book Synopsis Mergers, Markets and Public Policy by : Giuliano Mussati
Download or read book Mergers, Markets and Public Policy written by Giuliano Mussati and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GIULIANO MUSSATI Why do mergers occur, which are their effects on social welfare and which is the best economic policy toward them? These three questions have been puzzling industrial economists since the end of the last century when the first great merger wave has come about in the US. They have returned at the centre of the stage of the theoretical and empirical economic research during the last decade when merger and acquisition activity became one of the most evident firms' activities in all industrialised countries, being fostered by some general and country specific facts. These facts have been identified in the appearance of new financial instruments facilitating fund raising by firms, in the benevolent behaviour of the authorities in charge of competition policy during the Reagan administration in the US, while inter nal market completion has become a strong incentive for European firms to reach a true continental dimension in the UE through external growth. However a robust and univocal answer to these questions has not yet been found in spite of its importance not only from the theoretical point of view, but also from the normative one. In fact the correct identification of firms' motivations in pursuing merger and acquisition operations and of their consequences on social welfare would help the choice by administra tive authorities of different possible options in competition and industrial policies.
Book Synopsis Takeover Activity, Valuation Estimates and Merger Gains by : B. Espen Eckbo
Download or read book Takeover Activity, Valuation Estimates and Merger Gains written by B. Espen Eckbo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-06-02 with total page 863 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A selection of republished corporate finance articles and book chapters that can serve as an advanced corporate finance supplementary text for courses that use no textbooks. Combining convenience and an affordable price with retypeset pages and a high-quality index, the 600 pages of volume one, Takeover Activity, Valuation Estimates and Merger Gains, focus on classical issues such as the existence and source of merger waves, empirical estimates of takeover announcement returns and the division of takeover gains between bidders and targets, and tests for potential sources of takeover gains (primarily involving estimation of industry wealth effects of takeovers), introducing students to modern scientific evidence about corporate takeovers. Including an index and new introduction, this volume will simplify and facilitate students’ interaction with new concepts and applications. Provides a status report about modern scientific evidence on corporate takeovers Exposes students to new methods and empirical evidence while reading high quality primary material Offers a concise and cost-efficient package of journal and book articles for advanced corporate finance students
Book Synopsis The Impact of Horizontal Mergers on Market Structure by : Ralph Siebert
Download or read book The Impact of Horizontal Mergers on Market Structure written by Ralph Siebert and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. and EU Merger Guidelines strongly emphasize the relevance of the “ease of entry” argument in merger evaluations. Up to now, very little is known empirically about how mergers affect entry and exit, and the resulting number of firms in the markets. We empirically test this aspect of mergers using a comprehensive database that contains detailed firm-level information on mergers, production, and innovation in the dynamic random access memory semiconductor market from 1985 to 2004. Our reduced-form regression results show that mergers dominated by efficiency effects have a negative impact on the number of firms in the product market. Mergers dominated by market power effects result in a higher number of firms than efficiency dominated mergers. Interestingly, we also find that mergers foreclose potential entry in other product markets and reduce the number of firms in related product markets. Finally, our results confirm that post-merger changes in the equilibrium number of firms directly impact market prices.
