Crusading and the Ottoman Threat, 1453-1505

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Author :
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191639907
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Crusading and the Ottoman Threat, 1453-1505 by : Norman Housley

Download or read book Crusading and the Ottoman Threat, 1453-1505 written by Norman Housley and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifty years that followed Mehmed II's capture of Constantinople in 1453 witnessed a substantial attempt to revive the crusade as the principal military mechanism for defending Christian Europe against the advance of the Ottoman Turks. Norman Housley's study investigates the origins, character, and significance of this ambitious programme. He locates it against the broad background of crusading history, and assesses the extent to which protagonists and lobbyists for a crusade managed to refashion crusading to meet the Turkish threat, combining traditional practices with new outlooks and techniques. He pays particular attention to diplomatic exchanges and political decision-making, military organization, communication, and devotional behaviour. Housley demonstrates the impressive scale of the effort that was made to create a crusading response to the Turks. Crusaders were recruited in very large numbers between 1454 and 1464, and in 1501-3 substantial sums of money were raised through the vigorous preaching of indulgences in the Holy Roman Empire. But while the crusading cause was recognized as important and urgent, the mobilization of resources was prejudiced by the volatile nature of international politics, and by the weakness of the Renaissance papacy. Even when frontline states such as Hungary and Venice welcomed crusading contributions to their conflicts with the Ottomans, building robust structures of cooperation proved to be beyond the ability of contemporaries. As the Middle Ages drew to a close, the paradox of crusade was that its promotion and finance impacted on the lives of Catholics more than its instruments affected the struggle for domination of the Mediterranean Sea and south-eastern Europe.

Luxury Arts of the Renaissance

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Publisher : Getty Publications
ISBN 13 : 0892367857
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (923 download)

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Book Synopsis Luxury Arts of the Renaissance by : Marina Belozerskaya

Download or read book Luxury Arts of the Renaissance written by Marina Belozerskaya and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2005-10-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today we associate the Renaissance with painting, sculpture, and architecture—the “major” arts. Yet contemporaries often held the “minor” arts—gem-studded goldwork, richly embellished armor, splendid tapestries and embroideries, music, and ephemeral multi-media spectacles—in much higher esteem. Isabella d’Este, Marchesa of Mantua, was typical of the Italian nobility: she bequeathed to her children precious stone vases mounted in gold, engraved gems, ivories, and antique bronzes and marbles; her favorite ladies-in-waiting, by contrast, received mere paintings. Renaissance patrons and observers extolled finely wrought luxury artifacts for their exquisite craftsmanship and the symbolic capital of their components; paintings and sculptures in modest materials, although discussed by some literati, were of lesser consequence. This book endeavors to return to the mainstream material long marginalized as a result of historical and ideological biases of the intervening centuries. The author analyzes how luxury arts went from being lofty markers of ascendancy and discernment in the Renaissance to being dismissed as “decorative” or “minor” arts—extravagant trinkets of the rich unworthy of the status of Art. Then, by re-examining the objects themselves and their uses in their day, she shows how sumptuous creations constructed the world and taste of Renaissance women and men.

New International Dictionary

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 3052 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis New International Dictionary by :

Download or read book New International Dictionary written by and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 3052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

England Under the Tudors

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Author :
Publisher : New York, Franklin
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis England Under the Tudors by : Wilhelm Busch

Download or read book England Under the Tudors written by Wilhelm Busch and published by New York, Franklin. This book was released on 1895 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Julius II

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Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9780631167389
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (673 download)

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Book Synopsis Julius II by : Christine Shaw

Download or read book Julius II written by Christine Shaw and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1993 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Christine Shaw's account includes new material about Julius' career as a cardinal, providing fresh perspectives on his policies as pope. Julius II was one of the most remarkable and colorful men ever to sit on the papal throne. The reports of those who negotiated with him, those who observed him and spied on him, ridiculed him and admired him, are used to depict the vivid, powerful and humorous personality of the papa terrible and the impact he made on his times. His vigor, determination, ambition, passion for action and notorious temper were more suited to the soldier he probably would have preferred to be, than to the ecclesiastical potentate he became under the patronage of his uncle, Pope Sixtus IV. As a cardinal for thirty years before his own election in 1503, Julius II enjoyed a long career at the center of political life in Renaissance Italy. After becoming pope, he revived the temporal authority of the papacy by his military campaigns, some of which he conducted in person. He was also an outstanding patron of the arts and commissioned major works, including the Vatican Stanze and the Sistine Chapel ceiling. Many of his actions, however, compromised the papacy's spiritual authority, attracting the satire of Erasmus and contributing to Martin Luther's crisis of conscience.

A History of Law in Europe

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107180694
Total Pages : 823 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Law in Europe by : Antonio Padoa-Schioppa

Download or read book A History of Law in Europe written by Antonio Padoa-Schioppa and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 823 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first English translation of a comprehensive legal history of Europe from the early middle ages to the twentieth century, encompassing both the common aspects and the original developments of different countries. As well as legal scholars and professionals, it will appeal to those interested in the general history of European civilisation.

Who's who in Theology

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Author :
Publisher : Crossroad Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Who's who in Theology by : John Bowden

Download or read book Who's who in Theology written by John Bowden and published by Crossroad Publishing. This book was released on 1992 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Pope; Considered in His Relations with the Church, Temporal Sovereignties, Separated Churches, and the Cause of Civilization ... Translated by Æ. McD. Dawson

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pope; Considered in His Relations with the Church, Temporal Sovereignties, Separated Churches, and the Cause of Civilization ... Translated by Æ. McD. Dawson by : Joseph Marie comte de Maistre

Download or read book The Pope; Considered in His Relations with the Church, Temporal Sovereignties, Separated Churches, and the Cause of Civilization ... Translated by Æ. McD. Dawson written by Joseph Marie comte de Maistre and published by . This book was released on 1850 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Selected Writings of Girolamo Savonarola

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Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300129041
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Selected Writings of Girolamo Savonarola by : Girolamo Savonarola

Download or read book Selected Writings of Girolamo Savonarola written by Girolamo Savonarola and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2008-10-01 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Five hundred years after his death at the stake, Girolamo Savonarola remains one of the most fascinating figures of the Italian Renaissance. This wide-ranging collection, with an introduction by historian Alison Brown, includes translations of his sermons and treatises on pastoral ministry, prophecy, politics, and moral reform, as well as the correspondence with Alexander VI that led to Savonarola’s silencing and excommunication. Also included are first-hand accounts of religio-civic festivities instigated by Savonarola and of his last moments. This collection demonstrates the remarkable extent of Savonarola’s contributions to the religious, political, and aesthetic debates of the late fifteenth century.

Spain, a Global History

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788494938115
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Spain, a Global History by : Luis Francisco Martinez Montes

Download or read book Spain, a Global History written by Luis Francisco Martinez Montes and published by . This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the late fifteenth to the nineteenth centuries, the Hispanic Monarchy was one of the largest and most diverse political communities known in history. At its apogee, it stretched from the Castilian plateau to the high peaks of the Andes; from the cosmopolitan cities of Seville, Naples, or Mexico City to Santa Fe and San Francisco; from Brussels to Buenos Aires and from Milan to Manila. During those centuries, Spain left its imprint across vast continents and distant oceans contributing in no minor way to the emergence of our globalised era. This was true not only in an economic sense-the Hispano-American silver peso transported across the Atlantic and the Pacific by the Spanish fleets was arguably the first global currency, thus facilitating the creation of a world economic system-but intellectually and artistically as well. The most extraordinary cultural exchanges took place in practically every corner of the Hispanic world, no matter how distant from the metropolis. At various times a descendant of the Aztec nobility was translating a Baroque play into Nahuatl to the delight of an Amerindian and mixed audience in the market of Tlatelolco; an Andalusian Dominican priest was writing the first Western grammar of the Chinese language in Fuzhou, a Chinese city that enjoyed a trade monopoly with the Spanish Philippines; a Franciscan friar was composing a piece of polyphonic music with lyrics in Quechua to be played in a church decorated with Moorish-style ceilings in a Peruvian valley; or a multi-ethnic team of Amerindian and Spanish naturalists was describing in Latin, Spanish and local vernacular languages thousands of medicinal plants, animals and minerals previously unknown to the West. And, most probably, at the same time that one of those exchanges were happening, the members of the School of Salamanca were laying the foundations of modern international law or formulating some of the first modern theories of price, value and money, Cervantes was writing Don Quixote, Velázquez was painting Las Meninas, or Goya was exposing both the dark and bright sides of the European Enlightenment. Actually, whenever we contemplate the galleries devoted to Velázquez, El Greco, Zurbarán, Murillo or Goya in the Prado Museum in Madrid; when we visit the National Palace in Mexico City, a mission in California, a Jesuit church in Rome or the Intramuros quarter in Manila; or when we hear Spanish being spoken in a myriad of accents in the streets of San Francisco, New Orleans or Manhattan we are experiencing some of the past and present fruits of an always vibrant and still expanding cultural community. As the reader can infer by now, this book is about how Spain and the larger Hispanic world have contributed to world history and in particular to the history of civilisation, not only at the zenith of the Hispanic Monarchy but throughout a much longer span of time.

Historical Essays & Studies

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Essays & Studies by : John Emerich Edward Dalberg Acton Baron Acton

Download or read book Historical Essays & Studies written by John Emerich Edward Dalberg Acton Baron Acton and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Popes, the Catholic Church and the Transatlantic Enslavement of Black Africans 1418-1839

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Author :
Publisher : Georg Olms Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3487155974
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (871 download)

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Book Synopsis The Popes, the Catholic Church and the Transatlantic Enslavement of Black Africans 1418-1839 by : Pius Onyemechi Adiele

Download or read book The Popes, the Catholic Church and the Transatlantic Enslavement of Black Africans 1418-1839 written by Pius Onyemechi Adiele and published by Georg Olms Verlag. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mehr als 400 Jahre lang erlitten schwarzafrikanische Männer, Frauen und Kinder während des transatlantischen Sklavenhandels schlimmste Formen der Versklavung und Erniedrigung durch Katholiken und das westliche Christentum. Damals wie heute glaubte niemand an die tiefe Verwicklung der Kirche und des Papsttums in den schwarzafrikanischen Holocaust. Trotz jüngster Behauptungen des päpstlichen Officiums in Rom, wonach die Päpste jegliche Form von Sklaverei verurteilten, so auch im Falle der Versklavung von Schwarzafrikanern, verweisen neuere Studien innerhalb dieses Forschungsfeldes auf das Gegenteil. Die Kirche und die Päpste nahmen vielmehr zentrale Rollen in diesem schlimmsten Verbrechen gegen die Schwarzafrikaner seit Beginn der schriftlichen Dokumentation ein. Mithilfe zahlreicher päpstlicher Bullen aus den Geheimarchiven des Vatikans und einer Vielzahl an königlichen Dokumenten aus dem portugiesischen Nationalarchiv in Lissabon, strebt der vorliegende Band eine kritische und analytische Untersuchung dieses Aspekts des transatlantischen Sklavenhandels an, der über so viele Jahre von den westlichen Historikern und Gelehrten verschleiert wurde. For over 400 years, Black African men, women and children suffered the worst type of enslavement and humiliation from the hands of Catholics and other Western Christians during the transatlantic slave trade. Before now, no one could ever believe that the Popes of the Church were deeply involved in this Holocaust against Black African people. Despite the claims made by the hallowed papal office in Rome in recent years that the Popes condemned the enslavement of peoples wherever it existed including that of Black Africans, recent researches in these fields of study have proved the contrary to be true. The Church and her Popes were rather among the major “role players” in this worst crime against Black Africans in recorded history. With the help of a considerable number of papal Bulls from the Vatican Secret Archives and a great amount of Royal documents from the Portuguese National Archives in Lisbon, the present book is aiming to undertake a critical and analytical inquiry of this aspect of the transatlantic slavery that has been kept in the dark for so many years by the Western historians and scholars. The results of this studious but fruitful academic inquiry are laid bare in this notable work of the 21st century. Pius Onyemechi Adiele is a Catholic priest of Ahiara Diocese Mbaise and an alumnus of Seat of Wisdom Seminary Owerri and Bigard Memorial Seminary Enugu in Nigeria. He obtained his licentiate in Theology from the famous University of Münster and his doctoral degree in Church History from the renowned University of Tübingen in Germany. At present, he is a research fellow in the areas of African Church History and Enslavement of peoples as well as the pastor in charge of the merged parishes of Lauchheim, Westhausen, Lippach, Röttingen and Hülen in Germany.

Colonialism in Global Perspective

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108425267
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Colonialism in Global Perspective by : Kris Manjapra

Download or read book Colonialism in Global Perspective written by Kris Manjapra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-07 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A provocative, breath-taking, and concise relational history of colonialism over the past 500 years, from the dawn of the New World to the twenty-first century.

Erasmus and the “Other”

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030249298
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Erasmus and the “Other” by : Nathan Ron

Download or read book Erasmus and the “Other” written by Nathan Ron and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-03 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates how Erasmus viewed non-Christians and different races, including Muslims, Jews, the indigenous people of the Americas, and Africans. Nathan Ron argues that Erasmus was devoted to Christian Eurocentrism and not as tolerant as he is often portrayed. Erasmus’ thought is situated vis-à-vis the thought of contemporaries such as the cosmographer and humanist Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini who became Pope Pius II; the philosopher, scholar, and Cardinal, Nicholas of Cusa; and the Dominican missionary and famous defender of the Native Americans, Bartolomé Las Casas. Additionally, the relatively moderate attitude toward Islam which was demonstrated by Michael Servetus, Sebastian Franck, and Sebastian Castellio is analyzed in comparison with Erasmus’ harsh attitude toward Islam/Turks.

Muslims of Medieval Latin Christendom, c.1050–1614

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521889391
Total Pages : 649 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Muslims of Medieval Latin Christendom, c.1050–1614 by : Brian A. Catlos

Download or read book Muslims of Medieval Latin Christendom, c.1050–1614 written by Brian A. Catlos and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-20 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An innovative study which explores how the presence of Muslim communities transformed Europe and stimulated Christian society to define itself.

Factional Struggles

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Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004345345
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Factional Struggles by : Mathieu Caesar

Download or read book Factional Struggles written by Mathieu Caesar and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-07-10 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is available in Open Access thanks to the support of Université de Genève. Factional Struggles explores the dynamics of conflicts among ruling elites within cities, dynastic courts, rural areas and regional noble lineages during the early modern period. Building on case studies from France, Italy, the Empire and the Swiss Confederation, the essays collected by Mathieu Caesar in this volume highlight how factions were formed and how they shaped political society from the late Middle Ages. The authors have especially focused on how political and religious ideologies contributed to the formation of partisanship, the role of propaganda, and the significance and strategies of factional leaders. The volume shows how factions, despite the generally negative view of them held by theologians and jurists, were in practice accepted and used as political tools.

The Latins in the Levant

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 770 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Latins in the Levant by : William Miller

Download or read book The Latins in the Levant written by William Miller and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: