Individual Strategy And Social Structure

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Individual Strategy and Social Structure

Author : H. Peyton Young
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691214255
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Individual Strategy and Social Structure by : H. Peyton Young

Download or read book Individual Strategy and Social Structure written by H. Peyton Young and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-16 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neoclassical economics as-sumes that people are highly rational and can reason their way through even the most complex economic problems. In Individual Strategy and Social Structure, Peyton Young argues for a more realistic view in which people have a limited understanding of their environment, are sometimes short-sighted, and occasionally act in perverse ways. He shows how the cumulative experiences of many such individuals coalesce over time into customs, norms, and institutions that govern economic and social life. He develops a theory that predicts how such institutions evolve and characterizes their welfare properties. The ideas are illustrated through a variety of examples, including patterns of residential segregation, rules of the road, claims on property, forms of economic contracts, and norms of equity. The book relies on new results in evolutionary game theory and stochastic dynamical systems theory, many of them originated by the author. It can serve as an introductory text, or be read on its own as a contribution to the study of economic and social institutions.

Social and Cultural Anthropology: The Key Concepts

Author : Nigel Rapport
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317660811
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Social and Cultural Anthropology: The Key Concepts by : Nigel Rapport

Download or read book Social and Cultural Anthropology: The Key Concepts written by Nigel Rapport and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-11 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social and Cultural Anthropology: the Key Concepts is an easy to use A-Z guide to the central concepts that students are likely to encounter in this field. Now fully updated, this third edition includes entries on: Material Culture Environment Human Rights Hybridity Alterity Cosmopolitanism Ethnography Applied Anthropology Gender Cybernetics With full cross-referencing and revised further reading to point students towards the latest writings in Social and Cultural Anthropology, this is a superb reference resource for anyone studying or teaching in this area.

Social Structure and Personality Development

Author : Klaus Hurrelmann
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521354745
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (547 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Structure and Personality Development by : Klaus Hurrelmann

Download or read book Social Structure and Personality Development written by Klaus Hurrelmann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1988-08-26 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Socialisation is here understood as the process of the emergence, formation and development of personality in dependence on and interaction with the human organism on the one hand and the social and material environment on the other hand. In this thoughtful book, Klaus Hurrelmann analyses the concepts of human development underlying the different sociological and psychological theories of personality development that he presents and compares. He then proposes his own concept of socialisation: the individual as a productive processor of internal and external reality. He goes on to discuss the organised societal contexts of socialisation (such as schools) and the family and other informal settings; and to review research on the relation between living conditions, risk factors in stress, psychosocial disorders and strategies for prevention and intervention. A wide readership will welcome this comprehensive view of the relationship between social structure and personality.

Social Structure and Emotion

Author : Jody Clay-Warner
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780080559827
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (598 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Structure and Emotion by : Jody Clay-Warner

Download or read book Social Structure and Emotion written by Jody Clay-Warner and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a reference that contains original and innovative research on the sociology of emotion, this book will not only appeal to sociologists but also to scholars of psychology, psychiatry, anthropology, history, social work, and business/management. With contributions from experts in the field, this text examines the role and influence of emotion in everyday social circumstances. It poses clear questions and presents the contemporary theoretical developments and empirical research linking social structure and emotion. Comparable books are narrowly focused and less comprehensive, the breadth and depth of this new work is unmatched. *Explores the roles played by emotion in social arrangements (i.e., the power of emotions in psychology, finance, economics, etc...) *Poses clear questions and presents the newest theoretical developments and empirical research linking social structure and emotion *Contributions from experts in the field

How Behavior Spreads

Author : Damon Centola
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691202427
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis How Behavior Spreads by : Damon Centola

Download or read book How Behavior Spreads written by Damon Centola and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-24 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new, counterintuitive theory for how social networks influence the spread of behavior New social movements, technologies, and public-health initiatives often struggle to take off, yet many diseases disperse rapidly without issue. Can the lessons learned from the viral diffusion of diseases improve the spread of beneficial behaviors and innovations? How Behavior Spreads presents over a decade of original research examining how changes in societal behavior—in voting, health, technology, and finance—occur and the ways social networks can be used to influence how they propagate. Damon Centola's startling findings show that the same conditions that accelerate the viral expansion of an epidemic unexpectedly inhibit the spread of behaviors. How Behavior Spreads is a must-read for anyone interested in how the theory of social networks can transform our world.

Modeling Complexity in Economic and Social Systems

Author : Frank Schweitzer
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814488356
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Complexity in Economic and Social Systems by : Frank Schweitzer

Download or read book Modeling Complexity in Economic and Social Systems written by Frank Schweitzer and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002-12-09 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economics and the social sciences are, in fact, the “hard” sciences, as Herbert Simon argued, because the complexity of the problems dealt with cannot simply be reduced to analytically solvable models or decomposed into separate subprocesses. Nevertheless, in recent years, the emerging interdisciplinary “sciences of complexity” have provided new methods and tools for tackling these problems, ranging from complex data analysis to sophisticated computer simulations. In particular, advanced methods developed in the natural sciences have recently also been applied to social and economic problems. The twenty-one chapters of this book reflect this modern development from various modeling perspectives (such as agent-based models, evolutionary game theory, reinforcement learning and neural network techniques, time series analysis, non-equilibrium macroscopic dynamics) and for a broad range of socio-economic applications (market dynamics, technological evolution, spatial dynamics and economic growth, decision processes, and agent societies). They jointly demonstrate a shift of perspective in economics and the social sciences that is allowing a new outlook in this field to emerge. Contents:Market Dynamics:Trading Behavior and Excess Volatility in Toy Markets (M Marsili & D Challet)Percolation Models of Financial Market Dynamics (D Stauffer)Electrodynamical Model of Quasi-Efficient Financial Markets (K N Ilinski & A S Stepanenko)Multi-Agent Market Modeling of Foreign Exchange Rates (G Zimmermann et al.)Forecasting Price Increments Using an Artificial Neural Network (F Castiglione)Spectral Regularization, Data Complexity and Agent Behavior (A Ilyinsky)Technological Evolution:Dynamics of Economic and Technological Search Processes in Complex Adaptive Landscapes (W Ebeling et al.)New Results in a Self-Organized Model of Technological Evolution (A Arenas et al.)Firms' Decision-Making Process in an Evolutionary Model of Industrial Dynamics (W Kwasnicki)Spatial Dynamics and Economic Growth:Modelling Migration and Economic Agglomeration with Active Brownian Particles (F Schweitzer)The Evolution of Industrial Clusters — Simulating Spatial Dynamics (T Brenner & N Weigelt)The Growth Dynamics of German Business Firms (J Voit)A Dynamic Theory of a Firm: An Application of ‘Economic Forces’ (M Estola)Decision Processes:Adaptive Platform Dynamics in Multi-Party Spatial Voting (B M R Stadler)Subtle Nonlinearity in Popular Album Charts (R A Bentley & H D G Maschner)Dynamical Aspects in the Adoption of Agri-Environmental Measures (G Weisbuch & G Boudjema)Collective Choice and Mutual Knowledge Structures (D Richards et al.)Agent Societies:Evolutionary Study of Interethnic Co-Operation (V Kvasnicka & J Pospichal)Coalition Factor in the Evolution of Non-Kin Altruism (J-L Dessalles)Optimal Payoff Functions for Members of Collectives (D H Wolpert & K Tumer)A Day at the Beach: Human Agents Self-Organizing on the Sand Pile (H Ishii et al.) Readership: Researchers in the field of complex system science, economists, sociologists, physicists with an interdisciplinary focus, graduates, and professionals. Keywords:

Structural Holes

Author : Ronald S. Burt
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674029097
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Holes by : Ronald S. Burt

Download or read book Structural Holes written by Ronald S. Burt and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ronald Burt describes the social structural theory of competition that has developed through the last two decades. The contrast between perfect competition and monopoly is replaced with a network model of competition. The basic element in this account is the structural hole: a gap between two individuals with complementary resources or information. When the two are connected through a third individual as entrepreneur, the gap is filled, creating important advantages for the entrepreneur. Competitive advantage is a matter of access to structural holes in relation to market transactions.

Mathematical Modeling of Collective Behavior in Socio-Economic and Life Sciences

Author : Giovanni Naldi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0817649468
Total Pages : 437 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematical Modeling of Collective Behavior in Socio-Economic and Life Sciences by : Giovanni Naldi

Download or read book Mathematical Modeling of Collective Behavior in Socio-Economic and Life Sciences written by Giovanni Naldi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-12 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using examples from finance and modern warfare to the flocking of birds and the swarming of bacteria, the collected research in this volume demonstrates the common methodological approaches and tools for modeling and simulating collective behavior. The topics presented point toward new and challenging frontiers of applied mathematics, making the volume a useful reference text for applied mathematicians, physicists, biologists, and economists involved in the modeling of socio-economic systems.

Belonging

Author : Kawuki Mukasa
Publisher : Kamu Kamu Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780968813331
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Belonging by : Kawuki Mukasa

Download or read book Belonging written by Kawuki Mukasa and published by Kamu Kamu Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sociology of the European Union

Author : Adrian Favell
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0230343902
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Sociology of the European Union by : Adrian Favell

Download or read book Sociology of the European Union written by Adrian Favell and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-16 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sociology of the European Union examines how core sociological theories, concepts and methods can be applied to the study of the EU. Carefully integrating theory and empirical research, the book: - Explores key concepts in European studies, such as Europeanization, integration and transnationalism - Assesses the social foundations of Europe, from class and citizenship to mobility and culture - Includes contributions by internationally renowned names in political, economic and cultural sociology - Contains a postface from George Ross, one of the leading figures in contemporary European Studies This thought-provoking book opens up new questions and debates whilst introducing readers to essential ideas and cutting-edge research. It is invaluable reading for students of Sociology, European Studies, Politics and International Relations.

Computational Organization Theory

Author : Kathleen M. Carley
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317781163
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Organization Theory by : Kathleen M. Carley

Download or read book Computational Organization Theory written by Kathleen M. Carley and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents an advance in our understanding of how to represent and reason about organizational phenomena. Although organizational theorists have long grappled with the complexities of adaptive agents, ecological systems, and non-linear relations among the basic elements of organizational design, they have not, until recently, had the tools to grapple with these complex relationships. Recent advances in logic, symbolic programming, network analysis, and computer technology have made possible a series of tools that can be used to understand the complexities of organizational behavior. New computational techniques make it possible to develop and test more realistic models of organizational behavior. This volume offers examples of this new breed of models, and provides insight into how these advances and techniques can be used to extend our theoretical understanding of organizations. Authored by leading researchers in the area of computational organization theory, the various chapters demonstrate the value of computational analysis for organizational theory and advance our understanding of the relationship between organizational design and performance. This book contains both theoretical and methodological contributions that enable organizational theorists to use computational and mathematical techniques to systematically address the complex relationships that underlie organizational life. It also presents new -- or sometimes, renewed -- approaches on how to conduct organizational research from multiple formal perspectives including: simulation, numerical analysis, symbolic logic, mathematical modeling, and graph theory.

The Foundations of Behavioral Economic Analysis

Author : Sanjit S. Dhami
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198715528
Total Pages : 1799 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Foundations of Behavioral Economic Analysis by : Sanjit S. Dhami

Download or read book The Foundations of Behavioral Economic Analysis written by Sanjit S. Dhami and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 1799 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It considers the evidence against the exponential discounted utility model and describes several behavioral models such as hyperbolic discounting, attribute based models and the reference time theory. Part IV describes the evidence on classical game theory and considers several models of behavioral game theory, including level-k and cognitive hierarchy models, quantal response equilibrium, and psychological game theory. Part V considers behavioral models of learning that include evolutionary game theory, classical models of learning, experience weighted attraction model, learning direction theory, and stochastic social dynamics. Part VI studies the role of emotions; among other topics it considers projection bias, temptation preferences, happiness economics, and interaction between emotions and cognition. Part VII considers bounded rationality. The three main topics considered are judgment heuristics and biases, mental accounting, and behavioral finance.

Networks and Groups

Author : Bhaskar Dutta
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540247904
Total Pages : 495 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Networks and Groups by : Bhaskar Dutta

Download or read book Networks and Groups written by Bhaskar Dutta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Murat Sertel asked us whether we would be interested in organizing a special issue of the Review of Economic Design on the formation of networks and groups, we were happy to accept because of the growing research on this important topic. We were also pleasantly surprised at the response to our request for submissions to the special issue, receiving a much larger number of sub missions than we had anticipated. In the end we were able to put together two special issues of insightful papers on this topic. Given the growing interest in this topic, we also decided (with encouragement from Murat) to combine the special issues in the form of a book for wider dissemination. However, once we had decided to edit the book, it was natural to move beyond the special issue to include at least some of the papers that have been influential in the literature on the formation of networks. These papers were published in other journals, and we are very grateful to the authors as well as the journals for permission to include these papers in the book.

Strategic Information Systems: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications

Author : Hunter, M. Gordon
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1605666785
Total Pages : 2750 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (56 download)

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Book Synopsis Strategic Information Systems: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications by : Hunter, M. Gordon

Download or read book Strategic Information Systems: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications written by Hunter, M. Gordon and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2009-08-31 with total page 2750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This 4-volume set provides a compendium of comprehensive advanced research articles written by an international collaboration of experts involved with the strategic use of information systems"--Provided by publisher.

Logic and Theory of Algorithms

Author : Arnold Beckmann
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540694072
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Logic and Theory of Algorithms by : Arnold Beckmann

Download or read book Logic and Theory of Algorithms written by Arnold Beckmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-06-11 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CiE 2008: Logic and Theory of Algorithms Athens, Greece, June 15–20, 2008 Computability in Europe (CiE) is an informal network of European scientists working on computability theory, including its foundations, technical devel- ment, and applications. Among the aims of the network is to advance our t- oretical understanding of what can and cannot be computed, by any means of computation. Its scienti?c vision is broad: computations may be performed with discrete or continuous data by all kinds of algorithms, programs, and - chines. Computations may be made by experimenting with any sort of physical system obeying the laws of a physical theory such as Newtonian mechanics, quantum theory, or relativity. Computations may be very general, depending on the foundations of set theory; or very speci?c, using the combinatorics of ?nite structures. CiE also works on subjects intimately related to computation, especially theories of data and information, and methods for formal reasoning about computations. The sources of new ideas and methods include practical developments in areas such as neural networks, quantum computation, natural computation, molecular computation, computational learning. Applications are everywhere,especially, in algebra,analysisand geometry, or data types and p- gramming. Within CiE there is general recognition of the underlying relevance of computability to physics and a broad range of other sciences, providing as it does a basic analysis of the causal structure of dynamical systems. Thisvolume,Logic andTheory of Algorithms,istheproceedingsofthefourth in a series of conferences of CiE that was held at the University of Athens, June 15–20, 2008.

Dictionary of Concepts in Cultural Anthropology

Author : Robert H. Winthrop
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313066116
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Dictionary of Concepts in Cultural Anthropology by : Robert H. Winthrop

Download or read book Dictionary of Concepts in Cultural Anthropology written by Robert H. Winthrop and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 1991-11-18 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of cultural anthropology describes and interprets the thought and behavior of contemporary and near-contemporary societies. Inherently pluralistic, it offers a framework in which the distinctive perspectives of each cultural world can be appreciated. Robert Winthrop's dictionary describes the major concepts that have shaped the discipline, both historically and theoretically. It sets modern anthropology in its proper context within the broader intellectual tradition. Eighty entries review the key concepts--culture, race, nature, symbolism, adaptation, the primitive, etc.--that have established the fundamental problems and issues, guided research, and served as the focus for debate in key areas of the discipline. The entries which range from 2,000 to 6,000 words in length, are both thorough in treatment and contemporary in relevance. Some entries are primarily of historical significance while others describe recent developments. Each entry contains an annotated bibliography and a guide to additional reading on the subject. While this is not primarily a technical lexicon, many terms have been glossed and explained. Designed to be useful to students of anthropology, this dictionary will assist those in other disciplines to find their way through the anthropological labyrinth.

Simulating Complex Systems by Cellular Automata

Author : Alfons G. Hoekstra
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642122027
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Simulating Complex Systems by Cellular Automata by : Alfons G. Hoekstra

Download or read book Simulating Complex Systems by Cellular Automata written by Alfons G. Hoekstra and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-13 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deeply rooted in fundamental research in Mathematics and Computer Science, Cellular Automata (CA) are recognized as an intuitive modeling paradigm for Complex Systems. Already very basic CA, with extremely simple micro dynamics such as the Game of Life, show an almost endless display of complex emergent behavior. Conversely, CA can also be designed to produce a desired emergent behavior, using either theoretical methodologies or evolutionary techniques. Meanwhile, beyond the original realm of applications - Physics, Computer Science, and Mathematics – CA have also become work horses in very different disciplines such as epidemiology, immunology, sociology, and finance. In this context of fast and impressive progress, spurred further by the enormous attraction these topics have on students, this book emerges as a welcome overview of the field for its practitioners, as well as a good starting point for detailed study on the graduate and post-graduate level. The book contains three parts, two major parts on theory and applications, and a smaller part on software. The theory part contains fundamental chapters on how to design and/or apply CA for many different areas. In the applications part a number of representative examples of really using CA in a broad range of disciplines is provided - this part will give the reader a good idea of the real strength of this kind of modeling as well as the incentive to apply CA in their own field of study. Finally, we included a smaller section on software, to highlight the important work that has been done to create high quality problem solving environments that allow to quickly and relatively easily implement a CA model and run simulations, both on the desktop and if needed, on High Performance Computing infrastructures.