Income Inequality And Education Revisited

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Income Inequality and Education Revisited

Author : Mr.David Coady
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484302133
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Income Inequality and Education Revisited by : Mr.David Coady

Download or read book Income Inequality and Education Revisited written by Mr.David Coady and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-05-26 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents new results on the relationship between education expansion and income inequality. While human capital theory suggests that income inequality increases with inequality of education outcomes, the expected relationship between income inequality and the level of education is ambiguous. Consistent with these theoretical priors, when dynamic panel estimation techniques are used to address issues of persistence and endogeneity we find a large, positive, statistically significant and stable relationship between education inequality and income inequality, especially in emerging and developing economies and among older age cohorts. The relationship between income inequality and education levels is positive but small and not always statistically significant, but we find a statistically significant negative relationship with schooling levels of younger cohorts. Statistical tests indicate that our dynamic estimators are consistent and that our identifying instruments are valid. Policy simulations suggest that education expansion will continue to be inequality reducing but that this role will diminish as countries develop.

Income Inequality and Education Revisited

Author : Mr.David Coady
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1475595743
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (755 download)

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Book Synopsis Income Inequality and Education Revisited by : Mr.David Coady

Download or read book Income Inequality and Education Revisited written by Mr.David Coady and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-05-26 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents new results on the relationship between income inequality and education expansion—that is, increasing average years of schooling and reducing inequality of schooling. When dynamic panel estimation techniques are used to address issues of persistence and endogeneity, we find a large, positive, statistically significant and stable relationship between inequality of schooling and income inequality, especially in emerging and developing economies and among older age cohorts. The relationship between income inequality and average years of schooling is positive, consistent with constant or increasing returns to additional years of schooling. While this positive relationship is small and not always statistically significant, we find a statistically significant negative relationship with years of schooling of younger cohorts. Statistical tests indicate that our dynamic estimators are consistent and that our identifying instruments are valid. Policy simulations suggest that education expansion will continue to be inequality reducing. This role will diminish as countries develop, but it could be enhanced through a stronger focus on reducing inequality in the quality of education.

Economic Inequality and Higher Education

Author : Stacy Dickert-Conlin
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610441567
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Inequality and Higher Education by : Stacy Dickert-Conlin

Download or read book Economic Inequality and Higher Education written by Stacy Dickert-Conlin and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2007-06-21 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast disparities in college attendance and graduation rates between students from different class backgrounds is a growing social concern. Economic Inequality and Higher Education investigates the connection between income inequality and unequal access to higher education, and proposes solutions that the state and federal governments and schools themselves can undertake to make college accessible to students from all backgrounds. Economic Inequality and Higher Education convenes experts from the fields of education, economics, and public policy to assess the barriers that prevent low-income students from completing college. For many students from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds, the challenge isn't getting into college, but getting out with a degree. Helping this group will require improving the quality of education in the community colleges and lower-tier public universities they are most likely to attend. Documenting the extensive disjuncture between the content of state-mandated high school testing and college placement exams, Michael Kirst calls for greater alignment between K-12 and college education. Amanda Pallais and Sarah Turner examine barriers to access at elite universities for low-income students—including tuition costs, lack of information, and poor high school records—as well as recent initiatives to increase socioeconomic diversity at private and public universities. Top private universities have increased the level and transparency of financial aid, while elite public universities have focused on outreach, mentoring, and counseling, and both sets of reforms show signs of success. Ron Ehrenberg notes that financial aid policies in both public and private universities have recently shifted towards merit-based aid, away from the need-based aid that is most helpful to low-income students. Ehrenberg calls on government policy makers to create incentives for colleges to increase their representation of low-income students. Higher education is often vaunted as the primary engine of upward mobility. Instead, as inequality in America rises, colleges may be reproducing income disparities from one generation to the next. Economic Inequality and Higher Education illuminates this worrisome trend and suggests reforms that educational institutions and the government must implement to make the dream of a college degree a reality for all motivated students.

Competition Law and Economic Inequality

Author : Jan Broulík
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1509959254
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Competition Law and Economic Inequality by : Jan Broulík

Download or read book Competition Law and Economic Inequality written by Jan Broulík and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2022-12-15 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gap between the rich and poor is widening across the globe. This book explores whether this major societal challenge of our time can be addressed by the means of competition law. The primary goal of today's competition law is to ensure that market power does not lead to an inefficient production of goods and services. Nevertheless, even such efficiency-oriented curbing of market power may arguably contribute to the reduction of differences in how much people own and earn. Furthermore, many competition law regimes do take into account distributive considerations too. The chapters investigate the relationship between competition law and economic (in)equality from philosophical, historical, and economic perspectives. Their inquiries concern the conceptual foundations of competition law and doctrinal frameworks of individual jurisdictions, as well as specific problems and markets. As such, the book provides a novel and comprehensive overview of whether and how competition law can contribute to more equality in both developed and developing countries. The book is a must-read for researchers, public officials, judges, and practitioners within the competition law community. It will also appeal to anyone more broadly interested in issues of inequality and economic policy.

Taking a Common Concern Approach to Economic Inequality

Author : Alexander D. Beyleveld
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 900451175X
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Taking a Common Concern Approach to Economic Inequality by : Alexander D. Beyleveld

Download or read book Taking a Common Concern Approach to Economic Inequality written by Alexander D. Beyleveld and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-03-16 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The open access publication of this book has been published with the support of the Swiss National Science Foundation. Are countries capable of reducing economic inequality under conditions of contemporary globalisation without cooperating and coordinating with other countries? While states are far from powerless to effect distributional change within their own sovereign space, Taking a Common Concern Approach to Economic Inequality makes the case that cooperation and coordination is indeed necessary, especially in relation to corporate taxation. It accordingly contemplates the utility of a transnational taxation system that is embedded in cooperative sovereignty through the recognition of rising economic inequality and its deleterious effects – including how increasingly unequal distributions within countries make transnational cooperation and coordination efforts less likely – as a common concern of humankind.

Inequality

Author : Christopher Jencks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780060903343
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Inequality by : Christopher Jencks

Download or read book Inequality written by Christopher Jencks and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reforming Education and Challenging Inequalities in Southern Contexts

Author : Pauline Rose
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000363074
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Reforming Education and Challenging Inequalities in Southern Contexts by : Pauline Rose

Download or read book Reforming Education and Challenging Inequalities in Southern Contexts written by Pauline Rose and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-24 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers in-depth analyses of how education interacts with social inequality in Southern contexts. Drawing on a range of disciplinary frameworks, it presents new analyses of existing knowledge and new empirical data which define the challenges and possibilities of successful educational reform. It is a tribute to the work of the late Christopher Colclough, who, as a leading figure in education and international development, played a key role in the global fight for education for all children. The book critically engages with international evidence of educational access, retention and outcomes, offering new understandings of how social inequalities currently facilitate, mediate or restrict educational opportunities. It exposes the continuing influence of wealth and regional inequalities and caste and gendered social structures. Researchers in Ethiopia, Ghana, India, Pakistan and Uganda highlight how the aspirations of families living in poverty remain unfilled by poor-quality education and low economic opportunities and how schools and teachers currently address issues of gender, disability and diversity. The book highlights a range of new priorities for research and identifies some necessary strategies for education reform, policy approaches and school practice, if educational equality for all children is to be achieved. The book will be of great interest to researchers, scholars, educational practitioners and policy-makers in the fields of economics, politics and sociology of education, international education, poverty research and international development. The Foreword, Chapters 1, 6, 7, and 12 of this book are freely available as downloadable Open Access PDFs at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9780429293467 under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license (Foreword, Chapters 1, 6, and 12) and a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license (Chapter 7).

Attitudes to Equality: The "Socialist Legacy" Revisited

Author : Mamta Murthi
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Attitudes to Equality: The "Socialist Legacy" Revisited by : Mamta Murthi

Download or read book Attitudes to Equality: The "Socialist Legacy" Revisited written by Mamta Murthi and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: It is routinely assumed that residents of post-socialist countries have a preference for greater income equality, other things being equal, owing to the legacy of socialism. This proposition is examined in the context of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union using data from three waves of the World Values Survey. Contrary to expectations, the authors find little evidence of a 'socialist legacy' en bloc. Considering the former Soviet Union separately from other post-socialist countries, the analysis finds that as a group these countries display significantly lower preference for moving toward greater income equality than both Eastern Europe and other comparator groups (developed and developing countries). These findings hold up even when controlling for the conventional determinants of attitudes such as income level and employment status of the individual respondent, as well as national factors such as per-capita income and its distribution. Moreover, the preference for greater income inequality appears to have persisted at least since the mid-1990s and possibly since the early 1990s (data difficulties preclude a robust examination of this latter question). The results are consistent with the fairly low levels of public spending on redistribution commonly found in the former Soviet Union.

OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies Fiscal Decentralisation and Inclusive Growth in Asia

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264897909
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies Fiscal Decentralisation and Inclusive Growth in Asia by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies Fiscal Decentralisation and Inclusive Growth in Asia written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-13 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report looks at the challenges faced by Asian countries in addressing inclusive growth and fiscal decentralisation. A series of studies examines how policies in the region have evolved in accordance with changes in demography and the economic environment, reflecting country characteristics, history and political economy forces.

Struggling to Make the Grade: A Review of the Causes and Consequences of the Weak Outcomes of South Africa’s Education System

Author : Mr.Montfort Mlachila
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498301371
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Struggling to Make the Grade: A Review of the Causes and Consequences of the Weak Outcomes of South Africa’s Education System by : Mr.Montfort Mlachila

Download or read book Struggling to Make the Grade: A Review of the Causes and Consequences of the Weak Outcomes of South Africa’s Education System written by Mr.Montfort Mlachila and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While South Africa has made significant improvements in basic and tertiary education enrollment, the country still suffers from significant challenges in the quality of educational achievement by almost any international metric. The paper finds that money is clearly not the main issue since the South Africa’s education budget is comparable to OECD countries as a percent of GDP and exceeds that of most peer sub-Saharan African countries in per capita terms. The main explanatory factors are complex and multifaceted, and are associated with insufficient subject knowledge of some teachers, history, race, language, geographic location, and socio-economic status. Low educational achievement contributes to low productivity growth, and high levels of poverty, unemployment, and inequality. Drawing on the literature, the paper sketches some policy considerations to guide the debate on what works and what does not.

Digitalization and Economic Development

Author : Mohamed Sami Ben Ali
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000574091
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Digitalization and Economic Development by : Mohamed Sami Ben Ali

Download or read book Digitalization and Economic Development written by Mohamed Sami Ben Ali and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-06-09 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) on economic development. It contains theoretical and empirical studies, including panel studies on various issues facing developing countries, such as education, corruption, economic growth, government expenditure, financial inclusion, foreign direct investment, infrastructure, economic and social welfare, and inequality. Each chapter offers a well-conceived analysis of the most recent trends in both theory and empirics and addresses numerous policy implications related to the different aspects dealt with in the volume. Overall, this book will be an excellent guide for global graduate students at the Master and PhD levels, as well as academics researching various issues related to economic development while analyzing the role of ICTs. It also addresses numerous policy implications related to economic development for policymakers, investors and stakeholders.

Human Development Report 2019 (Russian language)

Author : United Nations Development Programme
Publisher : United Nations
ISBN 13 : 9210045017
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Development Report 2019 (Russian language) by : United Nations Development Programme

Download or read book Human Development Report 2019 (Russian language) written by United Nations Development Programme and published by United Nations. This book was released on 2020-05-13 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inequalities in human development are a roadblock to achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. They are not just about disparities in income and wealth. They cannot be accounted for simply by using summary measures of inequality that focus on a single dimension. And they will shape the prospects of people that may live to see the 22nd century. The 2019 Report explores inequalities in human development by going beyond income, beyond averages and beyond today. It asks what forms of inequality matter and what drives them, recognizing that pernicious inequalities are generally better thought of as a symptom of broader problems in a society and economy. It also asks what policies can tackle those driverspolicies that can simultaneously help nations to grow their economies, improve human development and reduce inequality.

Inequality and Governance

Author : Andreas P. Kyriacou
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134994583
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis Inequality and Governance by : Andreas P. Kyriacou

Download or read book Inequality and Governance written by Andreas P. Kyriacou and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-08-30 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governance matters for social welfare. Better governed countries are richer, happier and have fewer social and environmental problems. Good governance implies that public sector agents act impartially. It manifests itself in the form of equality before the law, an independent and professional public administration and the control of corruption. This book considers how economic inequality – both interpersonal and interethnic – can affect the quality of governance. To this end, it brings together insights from three different perspectives. First, a long-run historical one that exploits anthropological data on pre-industrial societies. Second, based on experimental work conducted by social psychologists and behavioural economists. Third, through cross-country empirical analysis drawn from a large sample of contemporary societies. The long-run perspective relates the inequality-governance relationship to societal responses in the face of uncertainty – responses that persist today in the guise of cultural traits that vary across countries. The experimental evidence deepens our understanding of human behaviour in unequal settings and in different governance contexts. Together, the long-run perspective and the experimental evidence help inform the cross-country analysis of the impact of economic inequality on governance. This analysis suggests the importance of both economic inequality and culture for the quality of governance and yields several policy implications.

Fiscal Monitor, October 2017

Author : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484317491
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Fiscal Monitor, October 2017 by : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.

Download or read book Fiscal Monitor, October 2017 written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-10-11 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the global level, inequality has declined substantially over the past three decades, but within national boundaries, the picture is mixed: some countries have experienced a reduction in inequality while others, particularly advanced economies, have seen a significant increase that has, among other things, contributed to growing public backlash against globalization. Excessive levels of inequality can erode social cohesion, lead to political polarization, and ultimately lower economic growth, but whether inequality is excessive depends on country-specific factors, including the growth context in which inequality arises, along with societal preferences. This Fiscal Monitor focuses on how fiscal policy can help governments address high levels of inequality while minimizing potential trade-offs between efficiency and equity. It documents recent trends in income inequality, including inequality both between and within countries, then examines the redistributive role of fiscal policies over recent decades and underscores the importance of appropriate design to minimize any efficiency costs. It then focuses on some key components of fiscal redistribution: progressivity of income taxation, universal basic income, and public spending policies for achieving more equitable education and health outcomes. The analysis relies on the existing theoretical and empirical literature, IMF work on inequality and fiscal policy, country experiences, and new analytical work, including various static microsimulation analyses based on household survey data. Simulations using a dynamic general equilibrium model calibrated to country-specific data and behavioral parameters illustrate the potential impact of alternative budget-neutral tax and transfer measures on income inequality and economic growth.

Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Educational Innovation and Multimedia Technology (EIMT 2022)

Author : Chew Fong Peng
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9464630124
Total Pages : 853 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (646 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Educational Innovation and Multimedia Technology (EIMT 2022) by : Chew Fong Peng

Download or read book Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Educational Innovation and Multimedia Technology (EIMT 2022) written by Chew Fong Peng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-10 with total page 853 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an open access book. As a leading role in the global megatrend of scientific innovation, China has been creating a more and more open environment for scientific innovation, increasing the depth and breadth of academic cooperation, and building a community of innovation that benefits all. These endeavors have made new contribution to globalization and creating a community of shared future. 2022 International Conference on Educational Innovation and Multimedia Technology (EIMT 2022) was held on March 25-27, 2022 in Hangzhou, China (Due to the epidemic, the meeting was moved to online). The aim of the conference is to bring together innovative academics and industrial experts in the field of Educational Innovation and Multimedia Technology to a common forum. The primary goal of the conference is to promote research and developmental activities in the related field.

Human Development Report 2019 (Chinese language)

Author : United Nations Development Programme
Publisher : United Nations
ISBN 13 : 9210045009
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Development Report 2019 (Chinese language) by : United Nations Development Programme

Download or read book Human Development Report 2019 (Chinese language) written by United Nations Development Programme and published by United Nations. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inequalities in human development are a roadblock to achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. They are not just about disparities in income and wealth. They cannot be accounted for simply by using summary measures of inequality that focus on a single dimension. And they will shape the prospects of people that may live to see the 22nd century. The 2019 Report explores inequalities in human development by going beyond income, beyond averages and beyond today. It asks what forms of inequality matter and what drives them, recognizing that pernicious inequalities are generally better thought of as a symptom of broader problems in a society and economy. It also asks what policies can tackle those driverspolicies that can simultaneously help nations to grow their economies, improve human development and reduce inequality.

Human Development Report 2019

Author : United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Publisher : United Nations
ISBN 13 : 9213582900
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Development Report 2019 by : United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Download or read book Human Development Report 2019 written by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and published by United Nations. This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inequalities in human development are a roadblock to achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. They are not just about disparities in income and wealth. They cannot be accounted for simply by using summary measures of inequality that focus on a single dimension. And they will shape the prospects of people that may live to see the 22nd century. The 2019 Report explores inequalities in human development by going beyond income, beyond averages and beyond today. It asks what forms of inequality matter and what drives them, recognizing that pernicious inequalities are generally better thought of as a symptom of broader problems in a society and economy. It also asks what policies can tackle those driverspolicies that can simultaneously help nations to grow their economies, improve human development and reduce inequality.